之前一直使用nginx+fastcgi来搭建python web服务器，本文介绍nginx+uwsgi组合来实现。uwsgi 是一个快速的、纯c语言开发的、自维护的、对开发者友好的wsgi服务器，旨在提供专业的 python web应用发布和开发。它更符合python web的标准协议，速度要比fastcgi要快、性能更加稳定。
一、安装平台
1、安装pcre
cd /home
mkdir -p /home/install/nginx && cd /home/install/nginx
wget http://ftp.exim.llorien.org/pcre/pcre-8.00.tar.gz
tar -zxvf pcre-8.00.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.00
./configure
make && make install
cd ..
2、安装nginx
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-0.8.50.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-0.8.50.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.50/
./configure --user=nobody --group=nobody --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-cc-opt='-o3' --with-cpu-opt=opteron
make && make install
cd ..
3、安装python&mysql-python
wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.5.1/python-2.5.1.tgz
tar -zxvf python-2.5.1.tgz
cd python-2.5.1
./configure && make && make install
echo "export path=\$path:/usr/local/bin" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
4、安装mysql-python
cd ../
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mysql-python/mysql-python/1.2.2/mysql-python-1.2.2.tar.gz?r=&ts=1285248455&use_mirror=nchc
cd mysql-python-1.2.2
python setup.py install
5、安装django
wget http://www.djangoproject.com/download/1.2.3/tarball/
tar -zxvf django-1.2.3.tar.gz
cd django-1.2.3
python setup.py install
cd ..
6、安装uwsgi
wget http://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-0.9.6.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf uwsgi-0.9.6.2.tar.gz
cd uwsgi-0.9.6.2
make
cp uwsgi /usr/bin
二、平台配置
1、平台环境说明
1.1、项目位置：/opt/www/purgesys
创建项目方法：
cd /opt/www
django-admin.py startproject purgesys
1.2、查看项目(出现以下文件结构说明项目已创建成功)
#tree purgesys
purgesys
|-- __init__.py
|-- manage.py
|-- settings.py
`-- urls.py
2、nginx相关配置
#cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
#vi django_uwsgi.conf
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# django project
server {
listen 80;
server_name purgesys.domain.com;
location / {
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
include uwsgi_params;
access_log off;
}
location ^~ /static {
root /opt/www/purgesys;
}
location ^~ /admin/ {
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
include uwsgi_params;
access_log off;
}
location ~* ^.+\.(mpg|avi|mp3|swf|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|rtf|mpeg)$ {
root /opt/www/purgesys/static;
access_log off;
}
}
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*nginx-0.8.50默认已添加uwsgi输出头支持
include uwsgi_params;
#vi nginx.conf
追加子配置文件django_uwsgi.conf
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http{
........
include django_uwsgi.conf;
}
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3、uwsgi配置
#mkdir -p /home/uwsgi;cd /home/uwsgi
#mkdir -p /opt/www/logs
#echo "" > /opt/www/logs/django.log
#vi uwsgi.xml
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<uwsgi>
<socket>127.0.0.1:9000</socket>
<listen>200</listen>
<master>true</master>
<pidfile>/usr/local/nginx/uwsgi.pid</pidfile>
<processes>8</processes>
<pythonpath>/opt/www/purgesys</pythonpath>
<pythonpath>/opt/www/</pythonpath>
<module>django_wsgi</module>
<profiler>true</profiler>
<memory-report>true</memory-report>
<enable-threads>true</enable-threads>
<logdate>true</logdate>
<limit-as>6048</limit-as>
<daemonize>/opt/www/logs/django.log</daemonize>
</uwsgi>
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4、创建应用模块
cd /opt/www/purgesys
vi django_wsgi.py
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import os
os.environ['django_settings_module'] = 'purgesys.settings'
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.wsgihandler()
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5、启动服务
#/usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
6、查看进程
#[liuts@webserver nginx]# ps -ef|grep uwsgi|grep -v grep
root 21652 1 0 17:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root 21653 21652 0 17:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root 21654 21652 0 17:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root 21655 21652 0 17:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root 21656 21652 0 17:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root 21657 21652 0 17:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root 21658 21652 0 17:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root 21659 21652 0 17:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root 21660 21652 0 17:12 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
7、监听端口
#[liuts@webserver nginx]# netstat -an|grep 9000
引用
tcp 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* listen
8、访问测试
输入http://serverip/
大功告成！
*附uwsgi启动脚本
#cd /home/uwsgi
#vi uwsgiserver.sh
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#!/bin/bash
if [ $1 = start ];then
psid=`ps aux|grep "uwsgi"|grep -v "grep"|wc -l`
if [ $psid -gt 2 ];then
echo "uwsgi is running!"
exit 0
else
/usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
fi
echo "start uwsgi service [ok]"
elif [ $1 = stop ];then
killall -9 uwsgi
echo "stop uwsgi service [ok]"
elif [ $1 = restart ];then
killall -9 uwsgi
/usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
echo "restart uwsgi service [ok]"
else
echo "usages: sh uwsgiserver.sh [start|stop|restart]"
fi
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#sh uwsgiserver.sh start
[uwsgi] parsing config file /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
start uwsgi service [ok]
如大家有什么疑问或感兴趣的话题可以通过weibo与我交流：http://t.qq.com/yorkoliu
以下是补充：
1、mysql-python 安装错误如下
from setuptools import setup importerror:
先安装
python ez_setup.py
在安装
python setup.py install
贴一下,方便其他兄弟了
2、我的nginx+uwsgi+django遇到大header的request，经常出现502，uwsgi报的是 invalid request header size,何解我的uwsgi配置为[uwsgi]socket = :8010master = truemodule = django_wsgiprocesses = 8home = /path/to/virtualenvharakiri = 20daemonize = /path/to/uwsgi.logpidfile = /path/to/uwsgi.pidpythonpath = /path/to/projectpythonpath = /path/to/uwsgibuffer-size = 32768reload-mercy = 8max-requests = 5000socket-timeout = 4
解决方法：大header可以修改nginx http head部分参数。
3、nginx报502，但是uwsgi正常启动端口9000也正常监听。有可能是应用程序有错误导致。