如何格式化Oracle SQL纯文本选择输出

I am using Oracle SQL (in SQLDeveloper, so I don't have access to SQLPLUS commands such as COLUMN) to execute a query that looks something like this:

我正在使用Oracle SQL(在SQLDeveloper中,因此我无法访问诸如COLUMN之类的SQLPLUS命令)来执行如下所示的查询:

select assigner_staff_id as staff_id, active_flag, assign_date,
  complete_date, mod_date
from work where assigner_staff_id = '2096';

The results it give me look something like this:

它给我的结果看起来像这样:

STAFF_ID               ACTIVE_FLAG ASSIGN_DATE               COMPLETE_DATE             MOD_DATE                  
---------------------- ----------- ------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------- 
2096                   F           25-SEP-08                 27-SEP-08                 27-SEP-08 02.27.30.642959000 PM 
2096                   F           25-SEP-08                 25-SEP-08                 25-SEP-08 01.41.02.517321000 AM 

2 rows selected

This can very easily produce a very wide and unwieldy textual report when I'm trying to paste the results as a nicely formatted quick-n-dirty text block into an e-mail or problem report, etc. What's the best way to get rid of all tha extra white space in the output columns when I'm using just plain-vanilla Oracle SQL? So far all my web searches haven't turned up much, as all the web search results are showing me how to do it using formatting commands like COLUMN in SQLPLUS (which I don't have).

当我尝试将结果粘贴为电子邮件或问题报告等格式良好的快速脏文本块时,这很容易产生一个非常宽泛且笨拙的文本报告。什么是最好的摆脱方法当我使用普通的Oracle SQL时,输出列中的所有额外空白区域?到目前为止,我的所有网络搜索都没有出现太多,因为所有的网页搜索结果都向我展示了如何使用SQLPLUS中的COLUMN等格式化命令(我没有)。

6 个解决方案

#1

What are you using to get the results? The output you pasted looks like it's coming from SQL*PLUS. It may be that whatever tool you are using to generate the results has some method of modifying the output.

你用什么来获得结果?您粘贴的输出看起来像来自SQL * PLUS。可能是您用于生成结果的任何工具都有一些修改输出的方法。

By default Oracle outputs columns based upon the width of the title or the width of the column data which ever is wider.

默认情况下,Oracle根据标题的宽度或更宽的列数据宽度输出列。

If you want make columns smaller you will need to either rename them or convert them to text and use substr() to make the defaults smaller.

如果希望使列更小,则需要重命名它们或将它们转换为文本,并使用substr()使默认值更小。

select substr(assigner_staff_id, 8) as staff_id, 
      active_flag as Flag, 
      to_char(assign_date, 'DD/MM/YY'),
      to_char(complete_date, 'DD/MM/YY'), 
      mod_date
from work where assigner_staff_id = '2096';

#2

In your statement, you can specify the type of output you're looking for:

在您的语句中,您可以指定要查找的输出类型:

select /*csv*/ col1, col2 from table;
select /*Delimited*/ col1, col2 from table;

there are other formats available such as xml, html, text, loader, etc.

还有其他格式可用,如xml,html,text,loader等。

You can change the formatting of these particular options under tools > preferences > Database > Utilities > Export

您可以在工具>首选项>数据库>实用程序>导出下更改这些特定选项的格式

Be sure to choose Run Script rather than Run Statement.

请务必选择“运行脚本”而不是“运行语句”。

* this is for Oracle SQL Developer v3.2

*这适用于Oracle SQL Developer v3.2

#3

What you can do with sql is limited by your tool. SQL Plus has commands to format the columns but they are not real easy to use.

你可以用sql做什么受到你的工具的限制。 SQL Plus具有格式化列的命令,但它们并不易于使用。

One quick approach is to paste the output into excel and format it there or just attach the spreadsheet. Some tools will save the output directly as a spreadsheet.

一种快速方法是将输出粘贴到excel并在那里格式化,或者只是附加电子表格。有些工具会将输出直接保存为电子表格。

#4

Nice question. I really had to think about it.

好问题。我真的不得不考虑一下。

One thing you could do is change your SQL so that it only returns the narrowest usable columns.

您可以做的一件事是更改SQL,以便它只返回最窄的可用列。

e.g. (I'm not very hot on oracle syntax, but something similar should work):

例如(我对oracle语法不是很热,但类似的东西应该有效):

select substring( convert(varchar(4), assigner_staff_id), 1, 4 ) as id, 
       active_flag as act, -- use shorter column name

       -- etc. 

from work where assigner_staff_id = '2096';

Does that make sense?
If you were doing this on unix/linux, I would suggest running it from the command line and piping it through an awk script.

那有意义吗?如果您在unix / linux上执行此操作,我建议从命令行运行它并通过awk脚本进行管道传输。

If I've miss-understood, then please update your question and I'll have another go :)

如果我错过了解,那么请更新你的问题,我会再来一次:)

#5

If you don't have alot of rows returned I'll often use Tom Kytes print_table function.

如果你没有返回很多行,我会经常使用Tom Kytes print_table函数。

SQL> set serveroutput on 
SQL> execute print_table('select * from all_objects where rownum < 3');
OWNER                         : SYS
OBJECT_NAME                   : /1005bd30_LnkdConstant
SUBOBJECT_NAME                :
OBJECT_ID                     : 27574
DATA_OBJECT_ID                :
OBJECT_TYPE                   : JAVA CLASS
CREATED                       : 22-may-2008 11:41:13
LAST_DDL_TIME                 : 22-may-2008 11:41:13
TIMESTAMP                     : 2008-05-22:11:41:13
STATUS                        : VALID
TEMPORARY                     : N
GENERATED                     : N
SECONDARY                     : N
-----------------
OWNER                         : SYS
OBJECT_NAME                   : /10076b23_OraCustomDatumClosur
SUBOBJECT_NAME                :
OBJECT_ID                     : 22390
DATA_OBJECT_ID                :
OBJECT_TYPE                   : JAVA CLASS
CREATED                       : 22-may-2008 11:38:34
LAST_DDL_TIME                 : 22-may-2008 11:38:34
TIMESTAMP                     : 2008-05-22:11:38:34
STATUS                        : VALID
TEMPORARY                     : N
GENERATED                     : N
SECONDARY                     : N
-----------------

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>

If its lots of rows, i'll just do the query in SQL Developer and save as xls, businessy types love excel for some reason.

如果它有很多行,我只是在SQL Developer中进行查询并保存为xls,因为某种原因,businessy类型喜欢excel。

#6

Why not just use the "cast" function?

为什么不直接使用“强制转换”功能呢?

select 
(cast(assigner_staff_id as VARCHAR2(4)) AS STAFF_ID,
(cast(active_flag as VARCHAR2(1))) AS A,
(cast(assign_date as VARCHAR2(10))) AS ASSIGN_DATE,
(cast(COMPLETE_date as VARCHAR2(10))) AS COMPLETE_DATE,
(cast(mod_date as VARCHAR2(10))) AS MOD_DATE
from work where assigner_staff_id = '2096';

#1