生产环境中，我们总是会遇到服务器无法连接外网的情况，这样，如果想安装某个应用，而这个应用依赖的其他类库又特别多，就很痛苦了。这个时候，就需要自己制作个本地的yum库，进行本地安装。本文将以Docker本地安装为例，详细介绍如何制作本地yum库。
1、首先，在能够上网的、与不能上网服务器的Linux发行版本相同的服务器上，执行安装命令，得到安装所需的各种依赖包，如下：
[root@localhost ~]# yum install libdevmapper* docker
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.btte.net
* extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.skyshe.cn
updates//x86_64/primary_db
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-event-libs = :1.02.-.el7 for package: :device-mapper-event-
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-libs = :1.02.-.el7 for package: :device-mapper-1.02.-.el
---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package docker.x86_64 :1.9.-.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: docker-forward-journald = 1.9.-.el7.centos for package: docker-1.9.-.el7
--> Processing Dependency: docker-selinux >= 1.9.-.el7.centos for package: docker-1.9.-.el7.centos.
--> Processing Dependency: libsystemd.so.(LIBSYSTEMD_209)(64bit) for package: docker-1.9.-.el7.centos
--> Processing Dependency: libsystemd.so.()(64bit) for package: docker-1.9.-.el7.centos.x86_64
---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 :2.02.-.el7 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: lvm2-libs = :2.02.-.el7 for package: :lvm2-2.02.-.el7.x86_64
---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 :2.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package docker-forward-journald.x86_64 :1.9.-.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package docker-selinux.x86_64 :1.9.-.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package lvm2.x86_64 :2.02.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package lvm2.x86_64 :2.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-persistent-data >= 0.5.- for package: :lvm2-2.02.-.el7_2.
---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: systemd-libs = -.el7_1. for package: systemd--.el7_1..x86_64
---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 :0.4.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 :0.5.-.el7 will be an update
---> Package systemd.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: systemd = -.el7_1. for package: systemd-python--.el7_1..x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: systemd = -.el7_1. for package: systemd-sysv--.el7_1..x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: systemd = -.el7_1. for package: libgudev1--.el7_1..x86_64
---> Package systemd.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: kmod >= - for package: systemd--.el7_2..x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kmod.x86_64 :-.el7 will be updated
---> Package kmod.x86_64 :-.el7 will be an update
---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Processing Conflict: systemd--.el7_2..x86_64 conflicts initscripts < 9.49.-
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Running transaction check
---> Package initscripts.x86_64 :9.49.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package initscripts.x86_64 :9.49.-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Processing Conflict: systemd--.el7_2..x86_64 conflicts dracut < -
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Running transaction check
---> Package dracut.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: dracut = -.el7_1. for package: dracut-network--.el7_1..x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: dracut = -.el7_1. for package: dracut-config-rescue--.el7_1..x86
---> Package dracut.x86_64 :-.el7_2 will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package dracut-config-rescue.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package dracut-config-rescue.x86_64 :-.el7_2 will be an update
---> Package dracut-network.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package dracut-network.x86_64 :-.el7_2 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================
Package Arch Ver
=========================================================================================================
Installing:
docker x86_64 1.9
Updating:
device-mapper-event-libs x86_64 :
device-mapper-libs x86_64 :
dracut x86_64
initscripts x86_64 9.4
lvm2-libs x86_64 :
Installing for dependencies:
docker-forward-journald x86_64 1.9
docker-selinux x86_64 1.9
Updating for dependencies:
device-mapper x86_64 :
device-mapper-event x86_64 :
device-mapper-persistent-data x86_64 0.5
dracut-config-rescue x86_64
dracut-network x86_64
kmod x86_64 -
libgudev1 x86_64
lvm2 x86_64 :
systemd x86_64
systemd-libs x86_64
systemd-python x86_64
systemd-sysv x86_64 Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================
Install Package (+ Dependent packages)
Upgrade Packages (+ Dependent packages) Total download size: M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: n
Exiting on user command
Your transaction was saved, rerun it with:
yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx.--06.10-.56BPrh.yumtx
[root@localhost ~]# yum install libdevmapper* docker
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.btte.net
* extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.skyshe.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-event-libs = :1.02.-.el7 for package: :device-mapper-event-1.02.-.el7.x86_64
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-libs = :1.02.-.el7 for package: :device-mapper-1.02.-.el7.x86_64
---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package docker.x86_64 :1.9.-.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: docker-forward-journald = 1.9.-.el7.centos for package: docker-1.9.-.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: docker-selinux >= 1.9.-.el7.centos for package: docker-1.9.-.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsystemd.so.(LIBSYSTEMD_209)(64bit) for package: docker-1.9.-.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libsystemd.so.()(64bit) for package: docker-1.9.-.el7.centos.x86_64
---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 :2.02.-.el7 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: lvm2-libs = :2.02.-.el7 for package: :lvm2-2.02.-.el7.x86_64
---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 :2.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package docker-forward-journald.x86_64 :1.9.-.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package docker-selinux.x86_64 :1.9.-.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package lvm2.x86_64 :2.02.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package lvm2.x86_64 :2.02.-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-persistent-data >= 0.5.- for package: :lvm2-2.02.-.el7_2..x86_64
---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: systemd-libs = -.el7_1. for package: systemd--.el7_1..x86_64
---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 :0.4.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 :0.5.-.el7 will be an update
---> Package systemd.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: systemd = -.el7_1. for package: systemd-python--.el7_1..x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: systemd = -.el7_1. for package: systemd-sysv--.el7_1..x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: systemd = -.el7_1. for package: libgudev1--.el7_1..x86_64
---> Package systemd.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: kmod >= - for package: systemd--.el7_2..x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kmod.x86_64 :-.el7 will be updated
---> Package kmod.x86_64 :-.el7 will be an update
---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package libgudev1.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package systemd-python.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 :-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Processing Conflict: systemd--.el7_2..x86_64 conflicts initscripts < 9.49.-
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Running transaction check
---> Package initscripts.x86_64 :9.49.-.el7 will be updated
---> Package initscripts.x86_64 :9.49.-.el7_2. will be an update
--> Processing Conflict: systemd--.el7_2..x86_64 conflicts dracut < -
--> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
--> Running transaction check
---> Package dracut.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: dracut = -.el7_1. for package: dracut-network--.el7_1..x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: dracut = -.el7_1. for package: dracut-config-rescue--.el7_1..x86_64
---> Package dracut.x86_64 :-.el7_2 will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package dracut-config-rescue.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package dracut-config-rescue.x86_64 :-.el7_2 will be an update
---> Package dracut-network.x86_64 :-.el7_1. will be updated
---> Package dracut-network.x86_64 :-.el7_2 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=========================================================================================================
Installing:
docker x86_64 1.9.-.el7.centos extras M
Updating:
device-mapper-event-libs x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. updates k
device-mapper-libs x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. updates k
dracut x86_64 -.el7_2 updates k
initscripts x86_64 9.49.-.el7_2. updates k
lvm2-libs x86_64 :2.02.-.el7_2. updates k
Installing for dependencies:
docker-forward-journald x86_64 1.9.-.el7.centos extras k
docker-selinux x86_64 1.9.-.el7.centos extras k
Updating for dependencies:
device-mapper x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. updates k
device-mapper-event x86_64 :1.02.-.el7_2. updates k
device-mapper-persistent-data x86_64 0.5.-.el7 base k
dracut-config-rescue x86_64 -.el7_2 updates k
dracut-network x86_64 -.el7_2 updates k
kmod x86_64 -.el7 base k
libgudev1 x86_64 -.el7_2. updates k
lvm2 x86_64 :2.02.-.el7_2. updates 1.0 M
systemd x86_64 -.el7_2. updates 5.1 M
systemd-libs x86_64 -.el7_2. updates k
systemd-python x86_64 -.el7_2. updates k
systemd-sysv x86_64 -.el7_2. updates k Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================
Install Package (+ Dependent packages)
Upgrade Packages (+ Dependent packages) Total download size: M
Is this ok [y/d/N]:
2、下载对应版本的rpm包，网址：
http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php
3、制作本地yum库。将全部的rpm包拷贝到一个文件夹中，例如docker_rpms，执行如下命令：
[root@localhost test]# ls
docker_rpms
[root@localhost test]# createrepo .
Spawning worker with pkgs
Workers Finished
Saving Primary metadata
Saving file lists metadata
Saving other metadata
Generating sqlite DBs
Sqlite DBs complete
[root@localhost test]# ls
docker_rpms repodata
4、编辑docker.repo文件
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
# [base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=file:///home/dockeryum
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 [update]
name=CentOS-$releasever - update
baseurl=file:///home/dockeryum
gpgcheck=
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
5、将docker_rpms文件夹、repodata文件夹、docker.repo拷贝到/home/dockeryum（因为docker.repo文件中做的如此配置）文件夹下。执行如下操作：
[root@localhost home]# ls
dockeryum laizy
[root@localhost home]# cp -r /etc/yum.repos.d/ /etc/yum.repos.d.bak （备份原始yum源）
[root@localhost home]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* （清空原始yum源）
[root@localhost home]# cp /home/dockeryum/docker.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ （拷贝自己写的yum源）
[root@localhost home]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 682 May 6 10:26 docker.repo
[root@localhost home]# yum install libdevmapper* docker （yum安装）
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 13870.
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
The other application is: PackageKit
Memory : 48 M RSS (922 MB VSZ)
Started: Fri May 6 10:23:42 2016 - 04:13 ago
State : Sleeping, pid: 13870
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
The other application is: PackageKit
Memory : 48 M RSS (922 MB VSZ)
Started: Fri May 6 10:23:42 2016 - 04:15 ago
State : Running, pid: 13870
^C Exiting on user cancel.
[root@localhost home]# kill -9 13870
[root@localhost home]# yum install libdevmapper* docker
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
update | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/2): base/primary_db | 23 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): update/primary_db | 23 kB 00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Package 7:device-mapper-event-libs-1.02.93-3.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Package 7:device-mapper-libs-1.02.93-3.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker.x86_64 0:1.8.2-7.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: docker-selinux >= 1.8.2-7.el7.centos for package: docker-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker-selinux.x86_64 0:1.8.2-7.el7.centos will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=========================================================================================================
Installing:
docker x86_64 1.8.2-7.el7.centos base 8.7 M
Installing for dependencies:
docker-selinux x86_64 1.8.2-7.el7.centos base 61 k Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package) Total download size: 8.7 M
Installed size: 37 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 160 MB/s | 8.7 MB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : docker-selinux-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2
restorecon: lstat(/var/lib/docker) failed: No such file or directory
warning: %post(docker-selinux-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64) scriptlet failed, exit status 255
Non-fatal POSTIN scriptlet failure in rpm package docker-selinux-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64
Installing : docker-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : docker-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : docker-selinux-1.8.2-7.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2 Installed:
docker.x86_64 0:1.8.2-7.el7.centos Dependency Installed:
docker-selinux.x86_64 0:1.8.2-7.el7.centos Complete!
[root@localhost home]# docker -v
Docker version 1.8.2, build bb472f0/1.8.2
安装完成！