C++MFC编程笔记day02 MFC消息映射机制、菜单资源使用

时间：2022-07-17 05:05:19

机制3：MFC消息映射机制：

类内声明,类外定义宏,绑定消息处理函数
派生自CCmdTarget
类内声明宏：DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
类外添加实现宏：
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(类名,父类名)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
//数据结构
struct AFX_MSGMAP_ENTRY
{
UINT nMessage;   // 消息ID
UINT nCode;      // 通知码
UINT nID;        // 控件ID或消息
UINT nLastID;    // 最后控制ID
UINT nSig;       // 消息处理函数类型
AFX_PMSG pfn;    // 消息处理函数
};
//宏定义的静态变量
struct AFX_MSGMAP
{
const AFX_MSGMAP* pBaseMap;//父类静态变量地址
const AFX_MSGMAP_ENTRY* lpEntries;//本类静态数组地址
};
调用过程:
Afx_WndProc()
{
CWnd* pWnd=CWnd::FromHandlePermanent(hWnd);
AfxCallWndProc(pWnd)
{
pWnd->WindowProc(...)//this指针为pFrame
{
OnWndMsg(...)
{
AFX_MSGMAP*pMessageMap=GetMessageMap()
{
//调用宏绑定的重写的消息处理
}
}
}
}
}
windows标准消息示例:
class CMyFrameWnd:public CFrameWnd
{
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public:
LRESULT OnCreate(WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam);
};
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMyFrameWnd,CFrameWnd)
ON_MESSAGE(WM_CREATE,OnCreate)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
LRESULT CMyFrameWnd::OnCreate(WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam)
{
AfxMessageBox("OnCreate");
return 0;
}
(具体消息函数要查MSDN):
#include "stdafx.h"
class CMyFrameWnd:public CFrameWnd
{
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public:
afx_msg int OnCreate( LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct);
LRESULT OnPaint(WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam);
};
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMyFrameWnd,CFrameWnd)
ON_WM_CREATE()
ON_MESSAGE(WM_PAINT,OnPaint)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
int CMyFrameWnd::OnCreate( LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
AfxMessageBox("afx_msg:OnCreate");
return CFrameWnd::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct);
}
LRESULT CMyFrameWnd::OnPaint(WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam)
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps={0};
HDC hdc=::BeginPaint(this->m_hWnd,&ps);
::TextOut(hdc,100,100,"hello",5);
::EndPaint(this->m_hWnd,&ps);
return 0;
}
class CMyWinApp:public CWinApp
{
public:
virtual BOOL InitInstance();
};
CMyWinApp theApp;
BOOL CMyWinApp::InitInstance()
{
CMyFrameWnd *pFrame=new CMyFrameWnd;
pFrame->Create(NULL,"MFCmsg");
m_pMainWnd=pFrame;
pFrame->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
pFrame->UpdateWindow();
return TRUE;
}


day80 am over!
自定义消息
#define  WM_MYMSG WM_USER+100
//类内声明
afx_msg LRESULT OnMyMsg(WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam);
//类外实现
LRESULT CMyFrameWnd::OnMyMsg(WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam)
{
CString s;
s.Format("%d,%d",wparam,lparam);
AfxMessageBox(s);
return 0;
}
//消息映射
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMyFrameWnd,CFrameWnd)
ON_MESSAGE(WM_MYMSG,OnMyMsg)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
//点击时发消息触发
void CMyFrameWnd::OnLButtonUp( UINT flags, CPoint point)
{
TCHAR s[20]={0};
sprintf(s,"point %d,%d",point.x,point.y);
AfxMessageBox(s);
::PostMessage(m_hWnd,WM_MYMSG,1,2);
}
命令消息映射示例：
//创建按钮
::CreateWindowEx(0,"BUTTON","Test1",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE,100,100,100,40,
m_hWnd,(HMENU)1001,AfxGetInstanceHandle(),NULL);
//映射
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMyFrameWnd,CFrameWnd)
ON_COMMAND(1001,OnTest1)
//ON_COMMAND_RANGE(1002,1003,OnTest);//多个控件使用一个处理函数
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
//类内声明
afx_msg void OnTest1();
//afx_msg void OnTest( UINT nID );//多控件处理函数原型


//类外实现
void CMyFrameWnd::OnTest1()
{
AfxMessageBox("OnTest1");
}
通知消息：
ON_通知码（如：ON_EN_CHANGE、ON_BN_CLICKED）
//创建控件
::CreateWindowEx(0,"EDIT","edit1",
WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_BORDER,200,100,100,40,
m_hWnd,(HMENU)1004,AfxGetInstanceHandle(),NULL);
//消息映射
ON_EN_CHANGE(1004,OnEnChange);
//类内声明
afx_msg void OnEnChange();
//类外实现
void CMyFrameWnd::OnEnChange()
{
AfxMessageBox("OnEnChange");
}

MFC菜单(CMenu)

CMenu类封装了对菜单操作的各种函数，还封装了m_hMenu 菜单句柄
1.插入菜单资源，并新建几项，把.res和resource.h文件插入到工程，在.cpp中包含resource.h
2.加载菜单
方式1，创建时传入，其他值默认值：
pFrame->Create(NULL,"MFCmenu",WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CFrameWnd::rectDefault,NULL,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU1));
方式2，在WM_CREATE中挂载菜单：
class CMyFrameWnd:public CFrameWnd
{
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public:
afx_msg int OnCreate( LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct);
};
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMyFrameWnd,CFrameWnd)
ON_WM_CREATE()
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
int CMyFrameWnd::OnCreate( LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
CMenu menu;
menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MENU1);
SetMenu(&menu);
return CFrameWnd::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct);
}


//消息
ON_WM_INITMENUPOPUP() //将要显示菜单时的消息
//消息原型
afx_msg void OnInitMenuPopup(CMenu* menu,UINT flag,BOOL IsWindowMenu);
void CMyFrameWnd::OnInitMenuPopup(CMenu* menu,UINT flag,BOOL IsWindowMenu)
{
//::CheckMenuItem(menu->m_hMenu,IDM_new,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_CHECKED);//win32
menu->CheckMenuItem(IDM_new,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_CHECKED);//mfc
}
//菜单项目点击事件绑定
ON_COMMAND(IDM_new,OnNew)
//函数原型和实现
afx_msg void OnNew();
void CMyFrameWnd::OnNew()
{
AfxMessageBox("OnNew");
}
day80 pm over!
WM_COMMAND消息处理顺序：CView>CFrameWnd>CWinApp


3、显示菜单：右键菜单
ON_WM_CONTEXTMENU()
afx_msg void OnContextMenu( CWnd* pwin, CPoint point);
void CMyFrameWnd::OnContextMenu( CWnd* pwin, CPoint point )
{
CMenu menu;
menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MENU1);
CMenu * menufile=menu.GetSubMenu(0);//获取弹出菜单部分
//::TrackPopupMenu(menufile->m_hMenu,TPM_LEFTALIGN,point.x,point.y,NULL,m_hWnd,NULL);//显示菜单
menufile->TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN,point.x,point.y,pwin,NULL);

}



综合示例，插入菜单资源，包含resource.h头文件：

// MFCmenu.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "resource.h"
class CMyFrameWnd:public CFrameWnd
{
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public:
afx_msg int OnCreate( LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct);
afx_msg void OnNew();
afx_msg void OnInitMenuPopup(CMenu* menu,UINT flag,BOOL IsWindowMenu);
afx_msg void OnContextMenu( CWnd* pwin, CPoint point );
};
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMyFrameWnd,CFrameWnd)
ON_WM_CREATE()
//ON_COMMAND(IDM_new,OnNew)
ON_WM_CONTEXTMENU()
ON_WM_INITMENUPOPUP()
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
void CMyFrameWnd::OnContextMenu( CWnd* pwin, CPoint point )
{
CMenu menu;
menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MENU1);
CMenu * menufile=menu.GetSubMenu(0);//获取弹出菜单部分
//::TrackPopupMenu(menufile->m_hMenu,TPM_LEFTALIGN,point.x,point.y,NULL,m_hWnd,NULL);//显示菜单
menufile->TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN,point.x,point.y,pwin,NULL);
}
void CMyFrameWnd::OnInitMenuPopup(CMenu* menu,UINT flag,BOOL IsWindowMenu)
{
//::CheckMenuItem(menu->m_hMenu,IDM_new,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_CHECKED);//win32 API函数
menu->CheckMenuItem(IDM_new,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_CHECKED);//mfc函数
}
void CMyFrameWnd::OnNew()
{
AfxMessageBox("CMyFrameWnd::OnNew");
}
int CMyFrameWnd::OnCreate( LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
CMenu menu;
menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MENU1);
this->SetMenu(&menu);
return CFrameWnd::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct);
}
class CMyWinApp:public CWinApp
{
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public:
virtual BOOL InitInstance();
afx_msg void OnNew();
};
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMyWinApp,CWinApp)
ON_COMMAND(IDM_new,OnNew)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
void CMyWinApp::OnNew()
{
AfxMessageBox("CMyWinApp::OnNew");
}
CMyWinApp theApp;
BOOL CMyWinApp::InitInstance()
{
CMyFrameWnd *pFrame=new CMyFrameWnd;
pFrame->Create(NULL,"MFCmenu"/*,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CFrameWnd::rectDefault,
NULL,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU1)*/);
m_pMainWnd=pFrame;
pFrame->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
pFrame->UpdateWindow();
return TRUE;
}






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