其步骤一般分为:
(1) 引入ADO动态库文件
(2) 初始化COM环境
(3) 连接数据库操作数据表
说明:本数据库使用SQLServer2005制作,名字为“student”。内含一个表,命名为“stud”。
建表语句
create table stud
(
num varchar(7),
name nvarchar(20) not null,
gender nchar(2) default '男' check(gender in('男','女')),
dept nvarchar(20) not null
)
插入一些数据
insert into stud values('0147256','test','男','计算机系');
进行疯狂复制,多添加一些数据
insert into stud select * from stud;
本例中创建的数据源名字为'test'
需要添加数据源
在stdafx.h添加以下代码引入ADO动态库文件
#import "C:\Program Files\CommonFiles\System\ado\msado15.dll" no_namespace\rename("EOF","adoEOF")rename("BOF","adoBOF")
初始化COM环境
::CoInitialize(NULL); //在app类中的InitInstance函数中添加
::CoUninitialize(); //在app类中的InitInstance函数的最后(return之前)添加,释放COM环境
首先先在dlg头文件中先声明这两个智能指针,通过这些指针可以很容易的创建和删除ADO对象。
_ConnectionPtrm_pConnection;
_RecordsetPtrm_pRecordset;
接下来在dlg类中添加函数void OnInitADOConn()
void CMy1Dlg::OnInitADOConn()
{
::CoInitialize(NULL); //初始化COM环境
try
{
//创建连接对象实例
m_pConnection.CreateInstance("ADODB.Connection");
CString strConnect;
//注意,我这里写的连接字符串是通过以下步骤的得到的:
//1、新建一个文件,名字任意取,后缀名必须为udl(如何hello.udl)
//2、双击hello.udl文件,进入数据连接属性面板,填写好数据源(选择自己创建的数据源名字的)
//3、再以记事本方式打开,第三行的数据就是连接字符
strConnect="Provider=MSDASQL.1;Persist Security Info=False;User ID=sa;Data Source=test;Password=*******";//使用Open方法连接数据库
m_pConnection->Open((_bstr_t)strConnect,"","",adModeUnknown);
}
catch(_com_error e)
{
AfxMessageBox(e.Description());
}
}
在dlg类中在添加void ExitConnect()函数
void CMy1Dlg::ExitConnect()
{
//关闭记录集和连接
if(m_pRecordset!=NULL)
m_pRecordset->Close();
m_pConnection->Close();
}
在dlg类的OnInitDialog函数中添加如下代码,设置列表视图的风格和标题(写在最后)
m_Grid.SetExtendedStyle(LVS_EX_FLATSB
|LVS_EX_FULLROWSELECT
|LVS_EX_HEADERDRAGDROP
|LVS_EX_ONECLICKACTIVATE
|LVS_EX_GRIDLINES);
m_Grid.InsertColumn(0,"编号",LVCFMT_LEFT,110,0);
m_Grid.InsertColumn(1,"姓名",LVCFMT_LEFT,110,1);
m_Grid.InsertColumn(2,"性别",LVCFMT_LEFT,110,2);
m_Grid.InsertColumn(3,"学历",LVCFMT_LEFT,110,3);
AddToGrid();
在dlg类中添加void AddToGrid()函数
void CMy1Dlg::AddToGrid()
{
//连接数据库
OnInitADOConn();
//设置查询字符串
_bstr_tbstrSQL = "select * from stud";
//创建记录集指针对象实例
m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Recordset));
//打开记录集
m_pRecordset->Open(bstrSQL,m_pConnection.GetInterfacePtr(),adOpenDynamic,
adLockOptimistic,adCmdText);
int i=0;
while(!m_pRecordset->adoEOF)
{
m_Grid.InsertItem(i,"");
m_Grid.SetItemText(i,0,(char*)(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset->GetCollect("num"));
m_Grid.SetItemText(i,1,(char*)(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset->GetCollect("sex"));
m_Grid.SetItemText(i,2,(char*)(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset->GetCollect("gender"));
m_Grid.SetItemText(i,3,(char*)(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset->GetCollect("dept"));
//两种方式均可
/*
m_Grid.SetItemText(i,0,(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset->GetCollect(_variant_t((long)0)));
m_Grid.SetItemText(i,1,(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset->GetCollect(_variant_t((long)1)));
m_Grid.SetItemText(i,2,(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset->GetCollect(_variant_t((long)2)));
m_Grid.SetItemText(i,3,(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset->GetCollect(_variant_t((long)3)));
*/
i++;
//将记录集指针移动到下一条记录
m_pRecordset->MoveNext();
}
//断开数据库连接
ExitConnect();
}
接下来为四个edit控件和一个list constrol控件关联变量,在资源中右键点击选择classwizar里的Member variables,分别为它们设置变量为m_ID,m_Name,m_Sex,m_Culture,m_Grid.在dlg类的头文件部分自动会生成
CString m_ID;
CString m_Name;
CString m_Sex;
CString m_Culture;
CListCtrl m_Grid;
Dlg类构造函数中
m_ID = _T("");
m_Name = _T("");
m_Sex = _T("");
m_Culture= _T("");
dlg类的DoDataExchange()函数中
DDX_Text(pDX,IDC_EDIT1, m_ID);
DDX_Text(pDX,IDC_EDIT2, m_Name);
DDX_Text(pDX,IDC_EDIT3, m_Sex);
DDX_Text(pDX,IDC_EDIT4, m_Culture);
接下来双击那四个功能按钮和一个列表控件的点击响应功能,分别生成各自的响应函数
//记录数据添加功能
void CMy1Dlg::OnButton1()
{
UpdateData(TRUE);
if(m_ID.IsEmpty()|| m_Name.IsEmpty() || m_Sex.IsEmpty() || m_Culture.IsEmpty())
{
MessageBox("基础信息不能为空!");
return;
}
OnInitADOConn();
_bstr_tsql;
sql= "select * from 表1";
m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Recordset));
m_pRecordset->Open(sql,m_pConnection.GetInterfacePtr(),adOpenDynamic,
adLockOptimistic,adCmdText);
try
{
m_pRecordset->AddNew(); //添加新行
//两种方式均可
/*
m_pRecordset->PutCollect(_variant_t((long)0),(_bstr_t)m_ID);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect(_variant_t((long)1),(_bstr_t)m_Name);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect(_variant_t((long)2),(_bstr_t)m_Sex);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect(_variant_t((long)3),(_bstr_t)m_Culture);
*/
m_pRecordset->PutCollect("num",(_bstr_t)m_ID);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect("name",(_bstr_t)m_Name);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect("gender",(_bstr_t)m_Sex);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect("dept",(_bstr_t)m_Culture);
m_pRecordset->Update(); //更新数据表
ExitConnect();
}
catch(_com_error e)
{
//AfxMessageBox(e->ErrorMessage());
MessageBox(e.Description());
return;
}
catch(...)
{
MessageBox("操作失败");
return;
}
MessageBox("添加成功");
m_Grid.DeleteAllItems();//删除列表控件
AddToGrid();
}
//在dlg类头文件声明一个long型变量,用来保存用户单击的记录在列表控件的位置为列表,该变量定义在dlg的类内。
//控件的NM_CLICK消息添加消息处理函数(即双击资源框里的listconstrol控件就会生成)
void CCMy1DlgDlg::OnNMDblclkList1(NMHDR *pNMHDR, LRESULT *pResult)
{
//LPNMITEMACTIVATE pNMItemActivate = reinterpret_cast<NMITEMACTIVATE>(pNMHDR);
LPNMITEMACTIVATE pNMItemActivate = reinterpret_cast<NMITEMACTIVATE *>(pNMHDR);
// TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
//UpdateData(true);
//int nItem=pNMItemActivate->iItem;
// TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
long pos = m_Grid.GetSelectionMark();
m_ID = m_Grid.GetItemText(pos,0);
m_Name = m_Grid.GetItemText(pos,1);
m_Sex = m_Grid.GetItemText(pos,2);
m_Culture = m_Grid.GetItemText(pos,3);
UpdateData(FALSE);
//*pResult = 0;
*pResult = 0;
}
//修改数据功能
void CMy1Dlg::OnButton2()
{
UpdateData(TRUE);
if(m_ID.IsEmpty()|| m_Name.IsEmpty() || m_Sex.IsEmpty() || m_Culture.IsEmpty())
{
MessageBox("基础信息不能为空!");
return;
}
OnInitADOConn();
_bstr_tsql;
sql= "select * from stud";
m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Recordset));
m_pRecordset->Open(sql,m_pConnection.GetInterfacePtr(),adOpenDynamic,
adLockOptimistic,adCmdText);
longpos = m_Grid.GetSelectionMark();
try
{
m_pRecordset->Move((long)pos,vtMissing);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect(_variant_t((long)0),(_bstr_t)m_ID);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect(_variant_t((long)1),(_bstr_t)m_Name);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect(_variant_t((long)2),(_bstr_t)m_Sex);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect(_variant_t((long)3),(_bstr_t)m_Culture);
//两种方式均可
/*m_pRecordset->PutCollect("num",(_bstr_t)m_ID);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect("name",(_bstr_t)m_Name);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect("gender",(_bstr_t)m_Sex);
m_pRecordset->PutCollect("dept",(_bstr_t)m_Culture);*/
m_pRecordset->Update();
ExitConnect();
}
catch(...)
{
MessageBox("操作失败");
return;
}
MessageBox("修改成功");
m_Grid.DeleteAllItems();
AddToGrid();
}
//删除数据功能
void CMy1Dlg::OnButton3()
{
// TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
if(MessageBox("你确定要删除吗?","DELETE",MB_ICONEXCLAMATION|MB_OKCANCEL)==IDCANCEL)
return;
_bstr_t sql;
sql = "select * from stud";
m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Recordset));
m_pRecordset->Open(sql,m_pConnection.GetInterfacePtr(),adOpenDynamic,
adLockOptimistic,adCmdText);
long pos = m_Grid.GetSelectionMark();
try
{
m_pRecordset->Move((long)pos,vtMissing);
m_pRecordset->Delete(adAffectCurrent);
m_pRecordset->Update();
ExitConnect();
}
catch(_com_error e)
{
MessageBox(e.Description());
return;
}
{
MessageBox("操作失败");
return;
}
MessageBox("删除成功");
m_Grid.DeleteAllItems();
AddToGrid();
}
//清除功能
void CMy1Dlg::OnButton4()
{
m_ID= "";
m_Name= "";
m_Sex= "";
m_Culture= "";
UpdateData(FALSE);
}