五 注释
5.1 JSP注释 <%--注释内容--%>
5.2 HTML注释 <!--注释内容-->
5.3 Java注释
六 JSP指令
在JSP中有三种类型的指令
6.1 page指令为当前页面提供处理命令
语法格式:<%@ page %>
page指令属性
属性名 |
值 |
默认值 |
language |
脚本语言名称 |
"java" |
Info |
网页信息 |
无 |
contentType |
MIME类型和JSP编码 |
"text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1" |
import |
类和包 |
none |
buffer |
缓冲区大小 |
8192 |
autoFlush |
缓冲满,刷新还是抛出异常 |
"true" |
session |
访问页面是否创建会话 |
"true" |
isThreadSafe |
线程是否安全 |
"true" |
errorPage |
URL |
none |
isErrorPage |
布尔值 |
"false" |
示例1:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8" isThreadSafe="false" autoFlush="true"%>
<%@ page errorPage="error.jsp" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" session="true" %>
示例2:
index.jsp;
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8" isThreadSafe="false" autoFlush="true"%>
<%@ page errorPage="error.jsp" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" session="true" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
int num=2/0; //错误! %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
--> </head>
<body>
Index jsp
</body>
</html>
error.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'error.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
--> </head> <body>
页面访问出错!
</body>
</html>
当访问index.jsp的时候就先显示:
因为设置了出错的页面(<%@ page errorPage="error.jsp" %> <%@ page isErrorPage="true"%>)
6.2 include指令用于把另一个文件包含在JSP中
语法格式:<% @ include file=" "%>
示例:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8" autoFlush="true"%>
<%@ page errorPage="error.jsp" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
--> </head>
<body>
<%@ include file="header.jsp" %> </body>
</html> <!--header.jsp-->
<%@ page pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<div style="height:100px;background-color: blue">header.jsp
</div>
访问页面出现:
include指令是一个静态的页面包含,是把被包含的文件拷贝到当前页面来一起编译。
6.3 taglib指令指定如何包含和访问自定义标签库
七 JSP标准动作
7.1 <jsp:include>动作
语法格式:<jsp:include page="" flush=""/>
page:表示一个相对路径。可以是一个静态页面的问价名。也可以是一个动态的相对路径值。
flush:为真时,当缓冲区满时会自动清空。注意:这个属性是必须属性,而且值只能是true。
<jsp:include>动作实现的则是一种动态的包含,他是把显示的结果插入到当前的页面来显示。
示例:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8" autoFlush="true"%>
<%@ page errorPage="error.jsp" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
--> </head>
<body>
<jsp:include page="header.jsp" flush="true"/>
<jsp:include page="nav.html" flush="true"/>
<div style="height:200px;background-color: orange;">main.jsp</div> </body>
</html>
<div style="height:100px; background-color:green ">导航栏</div>
访问页面出现的:
在nav.html出现了文字的乱码!
需要在web.xml设置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>JSP</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 设置静态页面的字符编码 -->
<jsp-config>
<jsp-property-group>
<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
<page-encoding>utf-8</page-encoding>
</jsp-property-group> </jsp-config>
</web-app>
现在访问页面:
7.2 <jsp:forword>动作
语法格式:
<jsp:forword page="" />
当程序运行到<jsp:forword>语句时,控制权就交给了另一个JSP.(相当于转发)。
其与<jsp:include page="" flush=""/> 的用法相同的。
八 JSP隐式对象
JSP提供了九个隐式对象
对象名 |
描述 |
作用域 |
request |
代表与请求相关的HttpServletRequest对象 |
request |
response |
代表与响应相关的HttpServletResponse对象 |
page |
pageContext |
代表封装请求某个JSP页面时请求环境的pageContext对象 |
page |
session |
代表特定用户请求会话的HttpSession对象。该对象只有在JSP页面参与一个HTTP会话时才有意义 |
session |
application |
代表Web应用程序的ServletContext对象 |
application |
out |
代表与响应输出流相关的JspWriter对象 |
page |
config |
代表JSP 页面的Servlet相关的ServletConfig对象 |
page |
page |
等于Java编程语言中的this变量 |
page |
exception |
代表JSP页面抛出的Trowable对象。这个对象只能在JSP错误页面中使用 |
page |
下一章节对JSP提供了九个隐式对象一一介绍!