Docker安装步骤

时间:2025-01-25 22:07:08

  在学习springcloud的消息总线时,需要安装rabbitmq,因为rabbitmq是用erlang开发的,所以安装rabbitmq又需要先安装erlang,总之安装过程中遇到各种坑,然而最终还是没有安装成功,最后就打算放弃普通的安装方式,用基于docker的方式来安装,这也就是今天的主题:docker的安装步骤,在docker安装的过程中,同样也是困难重重,一开始我是在32位的Centos6.5下安装的,结果遇到各种问题,后来才发现docker是不支持32位操作系统的,然后又重新在虚拟机上装了64位的Centos7,下面记录一下我的安装步骤:

一、准备环境:64位Centos7(注意:这里的系统一定要是64位的,docker不支持32位操作系统,且Centos6和Centos7安装命令是不同的,这里我是基于Centos7进行安装)

  1.查看centos系统的版本:

 [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.5. (Core)
[root@localhost ~]#

  2.查看内核版本:

 [root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.-.el7.x86_64 # SMP Fri Apr :: UTC x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]#

二、安装步骤:

  1.安装所需的软件包。

 sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

  2.添加Docker软件包源 。

 sudo yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

  以上命令会在/etc/yum.repos.d/ 目录下生成docker-ce.repo文件

  3.(可选)启用 edge 和 testing 镜像仓库。这些镜像仓库包含在上述 docker.repo 文件中,但默认情况下处于禁用状态。您可以将它们与 stable 镜像仓库一起启用。

 sudo yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-edge
sudo yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-testing

  4.更新 yum 软件包索引。

 sudo yum makecache fast

  5.安装 Docker CE。

 sudo yum install docker-ce

  6.启动 Docker。

 sudo systemctl start docker

  7.验证是否正确安装了 docker,方法是运行 hello-world 镜像。

 sudo docker run hello-world
 [root@localhost ~]# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
1b930d010525: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:92695bc579f31df7a63da6922075d0666e565ceccad16b59c3374d2cf4e8e50e
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly. To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(amd64)
. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal. To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/ For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

出现如上代码说明我们的docker已经安装好了,让我们一起进入我们的docker之旅吧!

(注意:如果是root用户的话以上的所有命令前面不用加sudo,如果你的普通用户不可以执行sudo,可以切换到root用户执行上面命令,或者切换到root用户 vi /etc/sudoers ,

假如你的用户名为zhangsan,在 root   ALL=(ALL)    ALL后面加一行 zhangsan  ALL=(ALL)    ALL,这样再切换到zhangsan用户下就可以执行sudo命令了)。

 [root@localhost fanjf]# vi /etc/sudoers
## Sudoers allows particular users to run various commands as
## the root user, without needing the root password.
root ALL=(ALL) ALL
zhangsan ALL=(ALL) ALL
#.......
#.......
#.......