本文介绍了docker 手动构建新镜像的方法,分享给大家,具体如下:
查看本地现有镜像:
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[root@docker ~] # docker images
repository tag image id created size
nginx latest c59f17fe53b0 4 days ago 108mb
ubuntu latest 747cb2d60bbe 3 weeks ago 122mb
centos latest 196e0ce0c9fb 6 weeks ago 197mb
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现在利用基础镜像centos,在此基础上手动构建一个web服务,这里采用nginx
启动一个container并进入到容器内:
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[root@docker ~] # docker run -it --name=web centos /bin/bash
[root@bab3b6991467 /] #
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然后在容器内进行安装nginx服务:
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[root@bab3b6991467 /] # cd /usr/local/src/
[root@bab3b6991467 src] # yum install wget vim
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这里采用编译安装nginx,所以下载nginx源码包,并安装好编译环境:
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[root@bab3b6991467 src] # wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
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编译环境:
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[root@bab3b6991467 src] # yum install gcc gcc-c++ glibc make autoconf openssl openssl-devel
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安装nginx的一些依赖包:
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[root@bab3b6991467 src] # yum install libxslt-devel -y gd gd-devel geoip geoip-devel pcre pcre-devel
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然后开支执行安装:
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[root@bab3b6991467 src] # ll
total 960
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 981687 oct 17 13:20 nginx-1.12.2. tar .gz
[root@bab3b6991467 src] # tar xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@bab3b6991467 src] # cd nginx-1.12.2
[root@bab3b6991467 nginx-1.12.2] # ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_stub_status_module
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创建需要用到的用户:
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useradd -m -s /sbin/nologin nginx
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继续编译:
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make && make install
chown -r nginx:nginx /usr/local/nginx/
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这里需要介绍nginx命令的一个参数:
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[root@bab3b6991467 ~] # /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -h
-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
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-g:为nginx的配置文件设置指令
现在退出container,回到host本机
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[root@bab3b6991467 ~] # exit
exit
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查看此时容器的状态:
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[root@docker ~] # docker ps -a
container id image command created status ports names
bab3b6991467 centos "/bin/bash" 37 minutes ago exited (0) 21 seconds ago web
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利用docker diff查看该容器进行了哪些修改,由于输出太多,这里不给予显示了
利用docker commit将web容器进行加层成一个新镜像:
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[root@docker ~] # docker commit --help
usage: docker commit [options] container [repository[:tag]]
create a new image from a container's changes
-m, --message string commit message
-a, --author string author (e.g., "john hannibal smith <hannibal@a-team.com>" )
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现在开始commit:
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[root@docker ~] # docker commit -m "compile nginx on centos" web wadeson/centos_nginx:v1
sha256:210a202d37b8d2c31155c29adf0c7c0b49cfab7ff38234109919de7f4e76d1de
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查看本地镜像:
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[root@docker ~] # docker images
repository tag image id created size
wadeson /centos_nginx v1 210a202d37b8 33 seconds ago 464mb
nginx latest c59f17fe53b0 4 days ago 108mb
ubuntu latest 747cb2d60bbe 3 weeks ago 122mb
centos latest 196e0ce0c9fb 6 weeks ago 197mb
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可以看见刚刚docker commit的新镜像了,现在由此镜像进行启动一个container提供nginx服务:
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[root@docker ~] # docker run -d -p80:80 wadeson/centos_nginx:v1 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g "daemon off;"
c12669357e2b09a05a396ac480a04dd1956303b784f894b615d4edb889a737ab
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然后查看container:
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[root@docker ~] # docker ps -l
container id image command created status ports names
c12669357e2b wadeson /centos_nginx :v1 "/usr/local/nginx/..." 41 seconds ago up 40 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80 /tcp thirsty_murdock
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可以看见nginx服务已经开启了,于是进行访问:
于是整个手动构建就成功了
针对上面的一些命令做下解释:
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docker run -d -p80:80 wadeson /centos_nginx :v1 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g "daemon off;"
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后面运行的命令都是旨在container的命令,由于没有进行环境变量设置,所以全路径,而nginx -g这个参数是指可以在外面添加指令到nginx的配置文件中,daemon off是指nginx服务不运行在后端而是在前台运行(container中的服务必须运行在前台)
利用docker top可以查看container的运行进程:
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[root@docker ~] # docker top c12669357e2b
uid pid ppid c stime tty time cmd
root 35468 35451 0 02:55 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g daemon off;
1000 35489 35468 0 02:55 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
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利用docker exec进入到容器内:
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[root@docker ~] # docker exec -it c12669357e2b /bin/bash
[root@c12669357e2b /] # ps -ef
uid pid ppid c stime tty time cmd
root 1 0 0 06:55 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g daemon off;
nginx 5 1 0 06:55 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root 6 0 1 07:01 pts /0 00:00:00 /bin/bash
root 20 6 0 07:01 pts /0 00:00:00 ps -ef
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而使用ctrl+p+q可以将该容器置于后台,而不是马上exited
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/hellozhxy/article/details/80239483