Here's a list of the most commonly used wildcards in bash:
| Wildcard | Matches |
| * | zero or more characters |
| ? | exactly one character |
| [abcde] | exactly one character listed |
| [a-e] | exactly one character in the given range |
| [!abcde] | any character that is not listed |
| [!a-e] | any character that is not in the given range |
| {debian,linux} | exactly one entire word in the options given |
You can use wildcards with any command that accepts file names as arguments.
linux下的很多命令，比如 rsync ,scp , tar 都有--exclude的选项参数，PATTERN就是使用bash 的wildcard character.