I am trying to use the Android Renderscript support library on devices of API 16 and up, following the steps described here. So far things have not gone smoothly.
我正在尝试在API 16和up的设备上使用Android Renderscript支持库，按照这里描述的步骤。到目前为止，事情进展并不顺利。
My Renderscript code is listed below.
下面列出了我的Renderscript代码。
#pragma version(1)
#pragma rs java_package_name(com.xxx.renderscript.test)
#include "rs_time.rsh"
rs_script flipScript;
rs_allocation gIn;
rs_allocation gOut;
int width;
int height;
int direction = 0;
void root(uchar4 *v_out, const void *usrData, uint32_t x, uint32_t y) {
if(direction == 0) { // flip horizontally
const uchar4 *element = rsGetElementAt(gIn, width - x, y);
float4 color = rsUnpackColor8888(*element);
float4 output = {color.r, color.g, color.b};
*v_out = rsPackColorTo8888(output);
}
else if(direction == 1) { // flip vertically
const uchar4 *element = rsGetElementAt(gIn, x, height - y);
float4 color = rsUnpackColor8888(*element);
float4 output = {color.r, color.g, color.b};
*v_out = rsPackColorTo8888(output);
}
else if(direction == 2) { // rotate left
const uchar4 *element = rsGetElementAt(gIn, width - y, x);
float4 color = rsUnpackColor8888(*element);
float4 output = {color.r, color.g, color.b};
*v_out = rsPackColorTo8888(output);
}
else if(direction == 3) { // rotate right
const uchar4 *element = rsGetElementAt(gIn, y, height - x);
float4 color = rsUnpackColor8888(*element);
float4 output = {color.r, color.g, color.b};
*v_out = rsPackColorTo8888(output);
}
}
void flip(int testIdx) {
int64_t t0, t1;
int64_t t;
t0 = rsUptimeNanos();
rsForEach(flipScript, gIn, gOut);
t1 = rsUptimeNanos();
t = t1 - t0;
rsDebug(" flip: timer on RS side: ", t);
}
First I upgraded my Android SDK tools to 22.3, and my SDK platform tools to 19. If I click ADT/Help/About ADT/Installation Details, I see that all components have been upgraded to 22.3.0, except the Developer Tools, which is still 21.0.1:
首先，我将我的Android SDK工具升级到22.3，我的SDK平台工具升级到19。如果我点击ADT/Help/关于ADT/安装的细节，我看到所有的组件都已经升级到22.3.0，除了开发者工具，它仍然是21.0.1:
Android DDMS 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.ddms.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Android Developer Tools 21.0.1.201212060302 com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.package.product null
Android Development Tools 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Android Hierarchy Viewer 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.hierarchyviewer.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Android Native Development Tools 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.ndk.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Android Traceview 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.traceview.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Tracer for OpenGL ES 22.3.0.v201310242005-887826 com.android.ide.eclipse.gldebugger.feature.group The Android Open Source Project
Then I edited my "project.properties" file as suggested in the aforementioned steps. I also made changes to incorporate Tim Murray's comments.
然后我编辑了我的“项目”。按照上述步骤提出的属性文件。我也做了一些改动，包括提姆·默里的评论。
proguard.config=C:/android/adt-bundle-windows-x86_64/sdk/tools/proguard/proguard-android.txt:proguard-project.txt
# Project target.
target=android-18
renderscript.target=18
renderscript.support.mode=true
#sdk.buildtools=19.0.0
In my Java code, I made sure that the packages from the support library are imported. Listed below is the complete Java file:
在我的Java代码中，我确保来自支持库的包是导入的。以下是完整的Java文件:
package com.xxx.renderscript.test;
import android.support.v8.renderscript.*;
//import android.renderscript.RenderScript;
//import android.renderscript.Allocation;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Bitmap.Config;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ImageView;
public class RenderScriptTestActivity extends Activity {
private final String mLog = this.getClass().getName();
private static final int TESTS_PER_GROUP = 12;
private Bitmap mBitmapIn;
private Bitmap mBitmapOut;
private ImageView mDisplayView;
private RenderScript mRS = null;
private ScriptC_flip mScriptFlip = null;
private Allocation mInPixelsAllocation = null;
private Allocation mOutPixelsAllocation = null;
//use aSyncTask so we display the image while rendering it.
private ImageRenderTask mImageRenderTask = null;
private boolean isRsBenchDone = false;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Log.i(mLog, "onCreate() ");
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.layout_rs);
mBitmapIn = loadBitmap(R.drawable.city);
mBitmapOut = loadBitmap(R.drawable.city);
mDisplayView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.rs_display);
mDisplayView.setImageBitmap(mBitmapOut);
// RS instances
mRS = RenderScript.create(this);
mScriptFlip = new ScriptC_flip(mRS, getResources(), R.raw.flip);
mInPixelsAllocation = Allocation.createFromBitmap(mRS, mBitmapIn,
Allocation.MipmapControl.MIPMAP_NONE,
Allocation.USAGE_SCRIPT);
mOutPixelsAllocation = Allocation.createFromBitmap(mRS, mBitmapOut,
Allocation.MipmapControl.MIPMAP_NONE,
Allocation.USAGE_SCRIPT);
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
Log.i(mLog, "onResume ");
super.onResume();
// for thread & display control
isRsBenchDone = true;
}
// initialize flip.rs
private void setupRS() {
Log.i(mLog, "Initializing flip.rs...");
mScriptFlip.set_flipScript(mScriptFlip);
mScriptFlip.set_width(mBitmapIn.getWidth());
mScriptFlip.set_height(mBitmapIn.getHeight());
mScriptFlip.set_gIn(mInPixelsAllocation);
mScriptFlip.set_gOut(mOutPixelsAllocation);
}
@Override
protected void onStop() {
Log.i(mLog, "onStop ");
super.onStop();
}
private void resetRS() {
mBitmapIn = null;
mBitmapOut = null;
mRS = null;
mScriptFlip = null;
mInPixelsAllocation = null;
mOutPixelsAllocation = null;
}
private Bitmap loadBitmap(int resource) {
final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
Bitmap b_temp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), resource, options);
int w = b_temp.getWidth();
int h = b_temp.getHeight();
Config cfg = b_temp.getConfig();
Bitmap b_keep = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, cfg);
Canvas c = new Canvas(b_keep);
c.drawBitmap(b_temp, 0, 0, null);
b_temp.recycle();
if (true) {
Log.d(mLog, "loadBitmap(): width = " + w + " loadBitmap(): height = " + h);
}
return b_keep;
}
// press the button to invoke this function
public void benchmark(View v) {
if (false == isRsBenchDone) { //do nothing if it's not done yet
return;
}
if (mImageRenderTask != null) {
if (mImageRenderTask.getStatus() == AsyncTask.Status.RUNNING) {
return;
}
if (mImageRenderTask.getStatus() == AsyncTask.Status.PENDING) {
mImageRenderTask.execute();
return;
}
}
// instantiate AsyncTask if not already existed & running
Log.i(mLog, "User pressed Start");
SystemClock.sleep(2000);
isRsBenchDone = false;
setupRS();
mImageRenderTask = new ImageRenderTask();
mImageRenderTask.execute();
}
// user presses this button when the test is done and all results have been
// recorded.
public void pressedRsExit(View view) {
Log.i(mLog, "User pressed Exit");
if (isRsBenchDone) { // only exit when we are finished
resetRS();
RenderScriptTestActivity.this.finish();
}
}
/**************************************************************************
**
* Since the display must be updated in the main UI thread, and the main
* UI thread cannot be put to sleep, we have to use an AsyncTask to update
* the display after the image is rendered, and then sleep some time
* so that the tester can view the images being displayed.
**
**************************************************************************/
private class ImageRenderTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Drawable, Void> {
// runs in the UI (main) thread in correspondence to the AsyncTask
// updating the drawable.
protected void onProgressUpdate(Drawable... values) {
Log.i(mLog, "onProgressUpdate...");
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
Drawable draw_tmp = values[0];
mDisplayView.setImageDrawable(draw_tmp);
mDisplayView.invalidate();
}
// runs on the UI (main) thread after the AsyncTask is finished
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Void result) {
super.onPostExecute(result);
// reset the flag to exit
isRsBenchDone = true;
}
@Override
protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
int group_id;
int flip_way;
//------------------------------------------------------------
// group 4: flip horizontally
//------------------------------------------------------------
flip_way = 0;
mScriptFlip.set_direction(flip_way);
Log.i(mLog, "starting horizontal flipping ... ... ... ...");
// measure group 4
group_id = 4; // used as a switch for render script
measureRS(group_id);
Log.i(mLog, " horizontal done");
// sleep cannot happen in the main UI thread
SystemClock.sleep(2500);
updateDisplay();
SystemClock.sleep(2500);
//------------------------------------------------------------
// group 5: flip vertically
//------------------------------------------------------------
mScriptFlip.set_gIn(mInPixelsAllocation);
flip_way = 1;
mScriptFlip.set_direction(flip_way);
Log.i(mLog, "starting vertical flipping ... ... ... ...");
// measure group 5
group_id = 5; // used as a switch for render script
measureRS(group_id);
Log.i(mLog, " vertical done");
// sleep cannot happen in the main UI thread
SystemClock.sleep(2500);
updateDisplay();
SystemClock.sleep(2500);
return null;
}
// run and measure Render Script instances
private void measureRS(int group_id) {
if ((0==group_id) || (1 == group_id) || (2 == group_id)) {
//other stuff
}
if (3 == group_id) {
//other stuff
}
if ((4==group_id) || (5 == group_id)) {
for (int i = 0; i < TESTS_PER_GROUP; i++) {
mScriptFlip.invoke_flip(i);
}
}
}
// update the displayed image
private void updateDisplay() {
Log.i(mLog, "updateDisplay...");
//mOutPixelsAllocation.copyTo(mBitmapIn); // this to verify the display.
mOutPixelsAllocation.copyTo(mBitmapOut);
Bitmap b_temp = Bitmap.createBitmap(mBitmapOut.getWidth(), mBitmapOut.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas c_temp = new Canvas(b_temp);
c_temp.drawBitmap(mBitmapOut, 0, 0, null);
Drawable d_temp = new BitmapDrawable(getResources(), b_temp);
publishProgress(d_temp);
}
}
}
Finally, in my project's properties, I added external JARs into the Java Build Path:
最后，在项目的属性中，我将外部jar添加到Java构建路径中:
renderscript-v8.jar - C:\android\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64\sdk\build-tools\19.0.0\renderscript\lib
The code built without any issues. Then I tested it on a few devices. Here are the test results.
代码构建时没有任何问题。然后我在一些设备上测试了它。下面是测试结果。
Nexus 7 (2012 version, upgraded to Android 4.4) The code ran to finish without crashing. However, after the Renderscript is called the 1st time, updating the ImageView results in a blank display. Apparently the output bitmap is not properly written into.
Nexus 7(2012版，升级到Android 4.4)代码运行顺利，没有崩溃。但是，在Renderscript被称为第一次之后，更新ImageView会导致空白显示。显然，输出位图没有正确写入。
Huawei Mate (Android 4.1.2) The code crashes right after loading from ADT. Below is a selection of error messages (the post body is limited to 30k characters, so I can't post everything):
华为Mate (Android 4.1.2)代码从ADT加载后立即崩溃。下面是一个错误消息的选择(post body限制为30k字符，所以我不能发布所有内容):
W/dalvikvm(2246): Refusing to reopen boot DEX '/system/framework/hwframework.jar'
E/RenderScript_jni(2246): No GC methods
D/dalvikvm(2246): Trying to load lib /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/libRSSupport.so 0x41726918
D/dalvikvm(2246): Added shared lib /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/libRSSupport.so 0x41726918
D/dalvikvm(2246): No JNI_OnLoad found in /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/libRSSupport.so 0x41726918, skipping init
D/dalvikvm(2246): Trying to load lib /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/librsjni.so 0x41726918
D/dalvikvm(2246): Added shared lib /data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test/lib/librsjni.so 0x41726918
V/RenderScript_jni(2246): RS compat mode
V/RenderScript(2246): 0x5bc7d008 Launching thread(s), CPUs 3
E/RenderScript(2246): Unable to open shared library (/data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test//lib/librs.flip.so): Cannot load library: reloc_library[1306]: 132 cannot locate '_Z13rsUptimeNanosv'...
E/RenderScript(2246): Unable to open system shared library (/system/lib/librs.flip.so): (null)
D/AndroidRuntime(2246): Shutting down VM
W/dalvikvm(2246): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x40f122a0)
E/AndroidRuntime(2246): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
E/AndroidRuntime(2246): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.xxx.renderscript.test/com.xxx.renderscript.test.RenderScriptTestActivity}: android.support.v8.renderscript.RSRuntimeException: Loading of ScriptC script failed.
Sony Xperia Z Ultra C6802(Android 4.2.2) The code crashes right after loading from ADT, with the following error messages (again selected to fit the 30k character limit):
索尼Xperia Z Ultra C6802(Android 4.2.2)从ADT加载后，代码会崩溃，以下错误消息(再次选择符合30k字符限制):
D/AndroidRuntime(3498): CheckJNI is OFF
D/dalvikvm(3498): Trying to load lib libjavacore.so 0x0
D/dalvikvm(3498): Added shared lib libjavacore.so 0x0
D/dalvikvm(3498): Trying to load lib libnativehelper.so 0x0
D/dalvikvm(3498): Added shared lib libnativehelper.so 0x0
I/ActivityManager(903): Start proc com.svox.pico for broadcast com.svox.pico/.VoiceDataInstallerReceiver: pid=3513 uid=10085 gids={50085, 1015, 1028}
I/ActivityManager(903): No longer want com.mobisystems.office:search (pid 2686): empty #34
I/ActivityManager(903): Start proc com.sonymobile.enterprise.service for broadcast com.sonymobile.enterprise.service/.Receiver: pid=3539 uid=1000 gids={41000, 3003, 1015, 1028, 3002, 3001, 3007}
D/AndroidRuntime(3498): Calling main entry com.android.commands.am.Am
D/dalvikvm(3498): Note: class Landroid/app/ActivityManagerNative; has 157 unimplemented (abstract) methods
I/ActivityManager(903): START u0 {act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=0x10000000 cmp=com.xxx.renderscript.test/.RenderScriptTestActivity} from pid 3498
D/AndroidRuntime(3498): Shutting down VM
D/jdwp(3498): Got wake-up signal, bailing out of select
D/dalvikvm(3498): Debugger has detached; object registry had 1 entries
D/dalvikvm(3557): Late-enabling CheckJNI
I/ActivityManager(903): Start proc com.xxx.renderscript.test for activity com.xxx.renderscript.test/.RenderScriptTestActivity: pid=3557 uid=10088 gids={50088, 1028}
D/dalvikvm(3557): Debugger has detached; object registry had 1 entries
I/Icing.InternalIcingCorporaProvider(2583): Updating corpora: A: com.xxx.renderscript.test, C: MAYBE
E/.AppDataSearchProvider(2583): Could not connect to AppDataSearchClient to register corpora.
W/Icing.InternalIcingCorporaProvider(2583): Corpora registration failed
I/com.xxx.renderscript.test.RenderScriptTestActivity(3557): onCreate()
E/.AppDataSearchProvider(2583): Could not connect to AppDataSearchClient for notifyTableChanged
W/Icing.InternalIcingCorporaProvider(2583): Application table change notification failed.
D/dalvikvm(2856): GC_CONCURRENT freed 187K, 73% free 3028K/11084K, paused 3ms+4ms, total 20ms
D/ConnectionNotify(3116): queue add:2
D/AudioHardwareALSAExt(329): getParameters() supported_effect
D/[APP_SERVICE](3116): package com.xxx.renderscript.test installed
D/[APP_SERVICE](3116): add package com.xxx.renderscript.test
I/ActivityManager(903): Start proc com.UCMobile for broadcast com.UCMobile/.receivers.SysReceiver: pid=3587 uid=10207 gids={50207, 3003, 1015, 1028}
I/dalvikvm(3587): Turning on JNI app bug workarounds for target SDK version 8...
D/dalvikvm(3410): GC_CONCURRENT freed 511K, 71% free 3273K/11084K, paused 2ms+1ms, total 20ms
D/dalvikvm(3410): WAIT_FOR_CONCURRENT_GC blocked 5ms
E/RenderScript_jni(3557): No GC methods
D/dalvikvm(3557): Trying to load lib /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/libRSSupport.so 0x418243f8
D/dalvikvm(3557): Added shared lib /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/libRSSupport.so 0x418243f8
D/dalvikvm(3557): No JNI_OnLoad found in /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/libRSSupport.so 0x418243f8, skipping init
D/dalvikvm(3557): Trying to load lib /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/librsjni.so 0x418243f8
D/dalvikvm(3557): Added shared lib /data/app-lib/com.xxx.renderscript.test-1/librsjni.so 0x418243f8
V/RenderScript_jni(3557): RS compat mode
V/RenderScript(3557): 0x72b26978 Launching thread(s), CPUs 4
E/RenderScript(3557): Unable to open shared library (/data/data/com.xxx.renderscript.test//lib/librs.flip.so): Cannot load library: soinfo_relocate(linker.cpp:975): cannot locate symbol "_Z13rsUptimeNanosv" referenced by "librs.flip.so"...
E/RenderScript(3557): Unable to open system shared library (/system/lib/librs.flip.so): (null)
D/AndroidRuntime(3557): Shutting down VM
W/dalvikvm(3557): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4154aae0)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.xxx.renderscript.test/com.xxx.renderscript.test.RenderScriptTestActivity}: android.support.v8.renderscript.RSRuntimeException: Loading of ScriptC script failed.
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2224)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2274)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$600(ActivityThread.java:150)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1276)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:213)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5153)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:797)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:564)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): Caused by: android.support.v8.renderscript.RSRuntimeException: Loading of ScriptC script failed.
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.support.v8.renderscript.ScriptC.<init>(ScriptC.java:69)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at com.xxx.renderscript.test.ScriptC_flip.<init>(ScriptC_flip.java:41)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at com.xxx.renderscript.test.RenderScriptTestActivity.onCreate(RenderScriptTestActivity.java:53)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5104)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1080)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2188)
E/AndroidRuntime(3557): ... 11 more
W/ActivityManager(903): Force finishing activity com.xxx.renderscript.test/.RenderScriptTestActivity
I'd appreciate if someone could look into the issues, whether it's bugs in my code or Android SDK issues. Comments/suggestions are welcome Thanks!
如果有人能研究这些问题，无论是我的代码中的bug还是Android SDK的问题，我会很感激。欢迎意见/建议谢谢!
[EDIT] I stripped un-related stuff from my code, and am posting the complete code here, in hope that someone could repeat my problem, and find a solution. I also added more test results.
我从我的代码中删除了无关的内容，并在这里发布了完整的代码，希望有人能够重复我的问题，并找到一个解决方案。我还添加了更多的测试结果。
1 个解决方案
#1
2
Well. I'm not sure if this is still needed and if it will fix your problem, but I suggest you try to use Android Plugin for Gradle 1.5.0
好。我不确定这是否还需要，如果它能解决你的问题，但我建议你试着用Android插件来升级1.5.0。
This must be set in your project's build.gradle(NOT in app build.gradle)
这必须在项目的构建中设置。应用build.gradle gradle(不)
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.5.0'
}
And use buildToolsVersion 22.0.1 or 23.0.2 or the latest version.
使用buildToolsVersion 22.0.1或23.0.2或最新版本。
#1
2
Well. I'm not sure if this is still needed and if it will fix your problem, but I suggest you try to use Android Plugin for Gradle 1.5.0
好。我不确定这是否还需要，如果它能解决你的问题，但我建议你试着用Android插件来升级1.5.0。
This must be set in your project's build.gradle(NOT in app build.gradle)
这必须在项目的构建中设置。应用build.gradle gradle(不)
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.5.0'
}
And use buildToolsVersion 22.0.1 or 23.0.2 or the latest version.
使用buildToolsVersion 22.0.1或23.0.2或最新版本。