Node.js_express_浏览器存储技术 Cookie（服务器将少量数据交于浏览器存储管理）

服务器将少量数据交于浏览器存储管理

解决 http 无状态协议的问题（无法区分多次请求是否发送自同一客户端）

一个网页一般最多 20个的 cookie，每个 cookie 一般 4KB

第一次访问 url，服务器会创建一个 Cookie 给浏览器

浏览器会保存 Cookie，以后每次请求，都会携带所有 Cookie，一并发送给服务器

登录 Cookie

1. 浏览器发送请求给服务器，请求登录

app.get('/cookie1', (request, response)=>{

    response.cookie('userid', '123456', {masAge: 100*3600*24});

    response.send('cookie1 的 get 请求 的响应');

});

2. 服务器返回响应给浏览器，会创建并发送 Cookie（包含了当前用户的唯一标识）

3. 浏览器接受响应，会将 Cookie 保存下来

4. 浏览器下一次发送请求时，都会自动携带上 Cookie

npm install cookie-parser

const cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');
app.use(cookieParser());    // 应用中间件，解析 Cookie 的数据，挂载到 request.cookie 上
app.get('/cookie2', (request, response)=>{

    response.send(request.cookies);

});

5. 服务器接受到请求，解析 Cookie，从而判断是哪个用户发送的请求（解决 http 协议无状态问题）

6. 主动清除 Cookie

app.get('/cookie3', (request, response)=>{

    response.clearCookie('userid');

    response.send('key 为 userid 的 cookie 已经清除');

});

前端操作 Cookie
清除 Cookie
document.cookie = 'hello=123; expires=' + new Date(Data.now()-1000);
判断用户到底登录没？哪个用户登录的？

不能将用户的隐私直接暴露

数据加密或者数据库文档 id 装进 Cookie

res.cookie('userid', user.id, {maxAge: 1000*24*3600*7});

const cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');

indexRouter.use(cookieParser());    // 应用中间件，解析 Cookie 的数据，挂载到 request.cookie 上

indexRouter.get('/user_center',async (request, response)=>{
  const {userId} = request.cookies;
if(userId){    // 用户已经登录
const findRet = await userInfoModel.findOne({"_id":userId});
if(findRet){

            let serverInfo = {uName:findRet.userName};

            response.render('user_center.ejs', {serverInfo});

        }else{    // 恶意 Cookie
 response.clearCookie("userId");

            response.redirect('/login');

        };

    }else{    // 用户未登录

                response.redirect('/login');

    };

});

登录注册实例

package.json

{

  "name": "node_express",

  "version": "1.0.0",

  "main": "index.js",

  "license": "MIT",

  "dependencies": {

    "connect-mongo": "^2.0.3",

    "cookie-parser": "^1.4.3",

    "ejs": "^2.6.1",

    "express": "^4.16.4",

    "mongoose": "^5.4.0",

    "sha1": "^1.1.1"

  }

}

public/register.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

    <head>

        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>

        <title>用户注册</title>

        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>

    </head>

    <body>

        <div id="outer_box" class="register">

            <h2>用户注册</h2>

            <form action="http://localhost:3000/register" method="post">

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>

                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" placeholder="请输入用户名" />

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>

                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_repeat_pwd">确认密码</label>

                    <input id="input_repeat_pwd" type="password" name="user_repeat_pwd" placeholder="请再次输入密码" />

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_email">注册邮箱</label>

                    <input id="input_email" type="text" name="user_email" placeholder="请输入邮箱地址" />

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <button class="register btn" type="submit">注册</button>

                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/login">

                        <button type="button">登录</button>

                    </a>

                </div>

            </form>

        </div>

    </body>

</html>

public/login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

    <head>

        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>

        <title>用户登录</title>

        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>

    </head>

    <body>

        <div id="outer_box" class="login">

            <h2>用户登录</h2>

            <form action="http://localhost:3000/login" method="post">

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>

                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" placeholder="请输入用户名" />

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>

                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/register">

                        <button type="button">注册</button>

                    </a>

                    <button class="login btn" type="submit">登录</button>

                </div>

            </form>

        </div>

    </body>

</html>

public/user_center.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

    <head>

        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>

        <title>用户中心</title>

        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>

    </head>

    <body>

        <div id="outer_box" class="login">

            <h2>个人空间</h2>

        </div>

    </body>

</html>

public/css/index.css

body {

    width: 100%;

    height: 100%;

    color: #000;

    background: #b9c2a4;

    background-size: cover; /* 指定背景图片大小 */

}

/*************************************************/

#outer_box {

    position: absolute;

    top: 50%;

    left: 50%;

    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);

    color: #1a45c3;

}

#outer_box.login {

    color: #9e098b;

}

#outer_box.register {

    color: #1a45c3;

}

#outer_box>h2{

    padding-bottom: 40px;

    margin-left: -50px;

}

.clothes {

    position: relative;

    width: 260px;

    display: flex;

    justify-content: space-between;

    margin: 20px 0;

    font-size: 18px;

    line-height: 32px;

}

.tips {

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    right: -100%;

    margin-left: -50%;

    margin-top: 2px;

    width: 252px;

    height: 32px;

    text-align: center;

    color: #f00;

}

.clothes>label{

    width: 80px;

    text-align: center;

}

.clothes>input{

    width: 170px;

    height: 32px;

}

button {

    width: 100%;

    height: 100%;

    font-size: 16px;

    background-color: #c4ceda;

    cursor: pointer;

}

.clothes .btn{

    width: 64px;

    height: 32px;

    margin: 0 20px;

}

.clothes button.register{

    background-color: #1a45c3;

    color: #fff;

}

.clothes button.login{

    background-color: #9e098b;

    color: #fff;

}

#outer_box>h2 {

    position: relative;

}

#server_info {

    display: block;

    width: 139px;

    height: 20px;

    border-radius: 10px;

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;

    right: 0;

    color: red;

    font-size: 14px;

    text-align: center;

    line-height: 20px;

    background-color: #cecece;

}

views/register.ejs

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

    <head>

        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>

        <title>用户注册</title>

        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>

    </head>

    <body>

        <div id="outer_box" class="register">

            <h2>用户注册</h2>

            <form action="http://localhost:3000/register" method="post">

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>

                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" value="<%= serverInfo.uName %>" placeholder="请输入用户名" />

                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.nameErr %></div>

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>

                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />

                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.passwordErr %></div>

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_repeat_pwd">确认密码</label>

                    <input id="input_repeat_pwd" type="password" name="user_repeat_pwd" placeholder="请再次输入密码" />

                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.repeatErr %></div>

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_email">注册邮箱</label>

                    <input id="input_email" type="text" name="user_email" value="<%= serverInfo.uEmail %>" placeholder="请输入邮箱地址" />

                    <div class="tips"><%= serverInfo.emailErr %></div>

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <button class="register btn" type="submit">注册</button>

                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/login">

                        <button type="button">登录</button>

                    </a>

                </div>

            </form>

        </div>

    </body>

</html>

views/login.ejs

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

    <head>

        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>

        <title>用户登录</title>

        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>

    </head>

    <body>

        <div id="outer_box" class="login">

            <h2>

                用户登录

                <div id="server_info">

                    <%= serverInfo.tips %>

                </div>

            </h2>

            <form action="http://localhost:3000/login" method="post">

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_name">用&nbsp;户&nbsp;名</label>

                    <input id="input_name" type="text" name="user_name" value="<%= serverInfo.uName %>" placeholder="请输入用户名" />

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <label for="input_pwd">密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>

                    <input id="input_pwd" type="password" name="user_pwd" placeholder="请输入密码" />

                </div>

                <div class="clothes">

                    <a class="btn" href="http://localhost:3000/register">

                        <button type="button">注册</button>

                    </a>

                    <button class="login btn" type="submit">登录</button>

                </div>

            </form>

        </div>

    </body>

</html>

views/user_center.ejs

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

    <head>

        <meta charset="UTF-8"/>

        <title>用户中心</title>

        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/index.css"/>

    </head>

    <body>

        <div id="outer_box" class="login">

            <h2><%= serverInfo.uName%> - 个人空间</h2>

        </div>

    </body>

</html>

db/connectDB.js

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

module.exports = new Promise((resolve, reject)=>{

    mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/user_database', {useNewUrlParser:true})

    mongoose.connection.once('open', err=>{

        if(err){

            console.log(err);

            reject(err);

        }else{

            resolve('数据库已连接');

        };

    });

});

models/userModel.js

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

const Schema = mongoose.Schema;

const fieldSchema = new Schema({

    "userName": {

        "type": String,

        "unique": true,

        "required": true

    },

    "userPassword": {

        "type": String,

        "required": true

    },

    "userEmail": {

        "type": String,

        "unique": true,

        "required": true

    },

    "createTime": {

        "type": Date,

        "default": Date.now()

    }

});

module.exports = mongoose.model("user_info", fieldSchema);

routers/get/index_router.js

const express = require('express');

const promiseConnect = require('../../db/connectDB.js');

const userInfoModel = require('../../models/userModel.js');

const {resolve} = require('path');
const cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');

const indexRouter = new express.Router();

indexRouter.use(cookieParser());

/************************ get ***********************/

indexRouter.get('/', (request, response)=>{

    response.sendFile(resolve(__dirname, '../../public/login.html'));

});

indexRouter.get('/login', (request, response)=>{

    response.sendFile(resolve(__dirname, '../../public/login.html'));

});

indexRouter.get('/register', (request, response)=>{

    response.sendFile(resolve(__dirname, '../../public/register.html'));

});

promiseConnect.then(result=>{

    console.log("index_router.js - "+result);

    indexRouter.get('/user_center',async (request, response)=>{
const {userId} = request.cookies;
if(userId){    // 用户已经登录

                        const findRet = await userInfoModel.findOne({"_id":userId});

            if(findRet){

                let serverInfo = {uName:findRet.userName};

                response.render('user_center.ejs', {serverInfo});

            }else{    // 恶意 Cookie
response.clearCookie("userId");

                response.redirect('/login');

            };

        }else{    // 用户未登录

                         response.redirect('/login');

        };

    });

}).catch(err=>console.log(err));

module.exports = indexRouter;

routers/post/form_router.js

const express =  require('express');

const sha1 =  require('sha1');

const promiseConnect = require('../../db/connectDB.js');

const userInfoModel = require('../../models/userModel.js');

const formRouter = new express.Router();

/************************ post ***********************/

let logged = false ;

promiseConnect.then(result=>{

    console.log("form_router.js - "+result);

    formRouter.post('/register', async (request, response)=>{

        const {

            user_name:uName,

            user_pwd:uPwd,

            user_repeat_pwd:urePwd,

            user_email:uEmail,

        } = request.body;    /**** 解构赋值 ****/

        userInfo = {

            "userName": uName,

            "userPassword": uPwd,

            "userEmail": uEmail

        };

        let serverInfo = {uName, uEmail};

        if(urePwd !== uPwd){

            serverInfo.repeatErr = '密码两次输入不一致';

        };

        if(!(/^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]{5,20}$/.test(uName))){

            serverInfo.nameErr = '用户名不合法';

        };

        if(!(/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,20}$/.test(uPwd))){

            serverInfo.passwordErr = '密码不合法';

        };

        if(!(/^\w+([-+.]\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*$/.test(uEmail))){

            serverInfo.emailErr = '邮箱不合法';

        };

        const fond = await userInfoModel.findOne({"userName": uName});

        if(fond){

            serverInfo.nameErr = '用户名已被注册';

        };

        const badEmail = await userInfoModel.findOne({"userEmail": uEmail});

        if(badEmail){

            serverInfo.emailErr = '邮箱已被注册';

        };

        if(serverInfo.repeatErr || serverInfo.nameErr || serverInfo.passwordErr || serverInfo.emailErr){

            response.render('register.ejs', {serverInfo});    // 渲染错误信息

                        return;

        }else{

            userInfo.userPassword = sha1(userInfo.userPassword);

            await userInfoModel.create(userInfo);

            response.redirect('/login');    // 跳转到登录

        };

    });

    formRouter.post('/login',async (request, response)=>{

        logged = false;

        let uName = request.body['user_name'];

        let uPwd = request.body['user_pwd'];

        userInfo = {

            "userName": uName,

            "userPassword": uPwd

        };

        if(!(/^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]{5,20}$/.test(uName))){

            logged = false;

        }else if(!(/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{6,20}$/.test(uPwd))){

            logged = false;

        };

        try{

            const findName = await userInfoModel.findOne({"userName": uName});

            if(findName && (findName.userPassword===sha1(uPwd)) ){

                logged = true;

            };

            let serverInfo = {uName};

            if(logged){

                response.cookie('userId', findName.id, {maxAge: 1000*24*3600*7});

                response.redirect('/user_center');    // 跳转到用户 个人空间 页面

                        }else{

                serverInfo.tips='用户名或密码错误';

                response.render('login.ejs', {serverInfo});    // 渲染错误信息

            };

        }catch(err) {

            cosole.log(err);

        }

    });

}).catch(err=>console.log(err));

module.exports = formRouter;

index.js

const express =  require('express');

const app = express();

const indexRouter = require('./routers/get/index_router.js');

const formRouter = require('./routers/post/form_router.js');

app.set('views', 'views');    // 1. 配置模板路径

app.set('view engine', 'ejs');    // 2. 配置模板引擎

/*********************** 中间件 **********************/

// 暴露路由 login.html register.html

app.use(express.static('public'));    // 默认调用 next();

// 将 用户输入的数据 挂载到 请求体 request.body  上

app.use(express.urlencoded({extended: true}));    // 默认调用 next();

app.use(indexRouter);

app.use(formRouter);

/**************** 端口号 3000, 启动服务器 ***************/

app.listen(3000, err=>console.log(err?err:'\n\n服务器已启动: http://localhost:3000\n\t\tHunting Happy!'));

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Node.js_express_浏览器存储技术 Cookie（服务器将少量数据交于浏览器存储管理）

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