Docker镜像与仓库(一)

Docker镜像与仓库(一)

Docker镜像与仓库(一)

如何查找镜像？

• Docker Hub
  
  https://registry.hub.docker.com

• docker search [OPTIONS] TERM
  
  参数：

1.--automated=false #Only show automated builds
2.--no-trunc=false #Don't truncate output
3.-s,--stars=0 #Only displays with at least x stars

最多返回25个结果

举个栗子，

1.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker search centos
2.INDEX       NAME                                        DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
3.docker.io   docker.io/centos                            The official build of CentOS.                   1775      [OK]       
4.docker.io   docker.io/jdeathe/centos-ssh                CentOS-6 6.7 x86_64 / EPEL/IUS Repos / Ope...   14                   [OK]
5.docker.io   docker.io/jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php     CentOS-6 6.7 x86_64 / Apache / PHP / PHP m...   11                   [OK]
6.docker.io   docker.io/million12/centos-supervisor       Base CentOS-7 with supervisord launcher, h...   9                    [OK]
7.docker.io   docker.io/blalor/centos                     Bare-bones base CentOS 6.5 image                8                    [OK]
8.docker.io   docker.io/nimmis/java-centos                This is docker images of CentOS 7 with dif...   7                    [OK]
9.docker.io   docker.io/torusware/speedus-centos          Always updated official CentOS docker imag...   7                    [OK]
10.docker.io   docker.io/jdeathe/centos-ssh-mysql          CentOS-6 6.7 x86_64 / MySQL.                    4                    [OK]
11.docker.io   docker.io/consol/centos-xfce-vnc            Centos container with "headless" VNC sessi...   3                    [OK]
12.docker.io   docker.io/nathonfowlie/centos-jre           Latest CentOS image with the JRE pre-insta...   3                    [OK]
13.docker.io   docker.io/consol/sakuli-centos-xfce         Sakuli end-2-end testing and monitoring co...   2                    [OK]
14.docker.io   docker.io/nickistre/centos-lamp             LAMP on centos setup                            2                    [OK]
15.docker.io   docker.io/layerworx/centos                  CentOS container with etcd, etcdctl, confd...   1                    [OK]
16.docker.io   docker.io/lighthopper/orientdb-centos       A Dockerfile for creating an OrientDB imag...   1                    [OK]
17.docker.io   docker.io/nathonfowlie/centos-jira          JIRA running on the latest version of CentOS    1                    [OK]
18.docker.io   docker.io/nickistre/centos-lamp-wordpress   LAMP on CentOS setups with wp-cli installed     1                    [OK]
19.docker.io   docker.io/softvisio/centos                  Centos                                          1                    [OK]
20.docker.io   docker.io/yajo/centos-epel                  CentOS with EPEL and fully updated              1                    [OK]
21.docker.io   docker.io/blacklabelops/centos              Blacklabelops Centos 7.1.503 base image wi...   0                    [OK]
22.docker.io   docker.io/januswel/centos                   yum update-ed CentOS image                      0                    [OK]
23.docker.io   docker.io/jsmigel/centos-epel               Docker base image of CentOS w/ EPEL installed   0                    [OK]
24.docker.io   docker.io/labengine/centos                  Centos image base                               0                    [OK]
25.docker.io   docker.io/lighthopper/openjdk-centos        A Dockerfile for creating an OpenJDK image...   0                    [OK]
26.docker.io   docker.io/pdericson/centos                  Docker image for CentOS                         0                    [OK]
27.docker.io   docker.io/timhughes/centos                  Centos with systemd installed and running       0                    [OK]
28.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ docker search -s 3 centos
29.INDEX       NAME                                      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
30.docker.io   docker.io/centos                          The official build of CentOS.                   1775      [OK]       
31.docker.io   docker.io/jdeathe/centos-ssh              CentOS-6 6.7 x86_64 / EPEL/IUS Repos / Ope...   14                   [OK]
32.docker.io   docker.io/jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php   CentOS-6 6.7 x86_64 / Apache / PHP / PHP m...   11                   [OK]
33.docker.io   docker.io/million12/centos-supervisor     Base CentOS-7 with supervisord launcher, h...   9                    [OK]
34.docker.io   docker.io/blalor/centos                   Bare-bones base CentOS 6.5 image                8                    [OK]
35.docker.io   docker.io/nimmis/java-centos              This is docker images of CentOS 7 with dif...   7                    [OK]
36.docker.io   docker.io/torusware/speedus-centos        Always updated official CentOS docker imag...   7                    [OK]
37.docker.io   docker.io/jdeathe/centos-ssh-mysql        CentOS-6 6.7 x86_64 / MySQL.                    4                    [OK]
38.docker.io   docker.io/consol/centos-xfce-vnc          Centos container with "headless" VNC sessi...   3                    [OK]
39.docker.io   docker.io/nathonfowlie/centos-jre         Latest CentOS image with the JRE pre-insta...   3                    [OK]

如何拉取镜像？

1.docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG]
2.参数：
3.  -a,--all-tags=false #Download all tagged images in the repository

实际在国内拉取镜像文件是很慢的，要想加速这一过程，可以使用国内的镜像站：

使用--registry-mirror选项：

1. 修改：/etc/default/docker
2. 添加：DOCKER_OPTS="--registry-mirror=http://MIRROR-ADDR"
   
   MIRROR-ADDR可以使用譬如daocloud.io注册账户然后生产一个地址，修改到/etc/default/docker中。

如何将自己的镜像上传到docker hub上？

1.docker push NAME[:TAG]

如何构建镜像？

---

为何要构建镜像？

• 保存对容器的修改，并再次使用
• 自定义镜像的能力
• 以软件的形式打包并分发服务及其运行环境

---

docker提供了两种方式：

1. 通过容器构建

1.docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
2.参数：
3.  -a,--author="" #Author e.g.,"John Hannibal Smith [e-mail]"
4.  -m,--message="" #Commit message
5.  -p,--pause=true #Pause container during commit

1. 通过Dockerfile文件构建

1.docker build

创建一个存放Dockerfile的目录

1.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ sudo mkdir -p dockerfile/test
2.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ cd dockerfile/test
3.[KANO@kelvin ~]$ sudo vi Dockerfile

创建第一个Dockerfile填入下面内容

1.#First Dockerfile
2.FROM centos:7
3.MAINTAINER kano "[e-mail]"
4.RUN yum update
5.RUN yum install -y nginx
6.EXPOSE 80

保存退出，然后就可以使用

1.docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -
2.  --force-rm=false
3.  --no-cache=false
4.  --pull=false
5.  -q,--quiet=false
6.  --rm=true
7.  -t,--tag=""

来构建

譬如进入文件目录中，运行

1.docker build -t="test" .

于是就完成了构建