可能在使用VSTO技术对Office的相关程序进行操作时，会碰到用程序去控制一些快捷键的操作，可以对键盘进行挂钩，此时使用P/Invoke函数实现。
原文链接：《VSTO应用程序中加入键盘钩子》 http://www.cnblogs.com/2018/archive/2010/12/01/1893891.html
原文如下：
在VSTO应用程序中有时为了处理一些快捷按键操作等实现一些特殊的功能，此时需要对键盘进行挂钩，此时使用P/Invoke函数实现，参考如下：
VSTO加载和卸载时进行钩子的初始化和卸载
代码
KeyboardHook hook;
private void ThisAddIn_Startup(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
hook = new KeyboardHook();
hook.InitHook();
}
private void ThisAddIn_Shutdown(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
hook.UnHook();
}
}
//钩子具体处理逻辑是：
class KeyboardHook
{
#region (invokestuff)
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern uint GetCurrentThreadId();
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern IntPtr SetWindowsHookEx(int code, HookProcKeyboard func, IntPtr hInstance, uint threadID);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(IntPtr hhk);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern int CallNextHookEx(IntPtr hhk, int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
#endregion
#region constans
private const int WH_KEYBOARD = 2;
private const int HC_ACTION = 0;
#endregion
delegate int HookProcKeyboard(int code, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
private HookProcKeyboard KeyboardProcDelegate = null;
private IntPtr khook;
bool doing = false;
public void InitHook()
{
uint id = GetCurrentThreadId();
//init the keyboard hook with the thread id of the Visual Studio IDE
this.KeyboardProcDelegate = new HookProcKeyboard(this.KeyboardProc);
khook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD, this.KeyboardProcDelegate, IntPtr.Zero, id);
}
public void UnHook()
{
if (khook != IntPtr.Zero)
{
UnhookWindowsHookEx(khook);
}
}
private int KeyboardProc(int code, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
{
try
{
if (code != HC_ACTION)
{
return CallNextHookEx(khook, code, wParam, lParam);
}
if ((int)wParam == (int)Keys.Z && ((int)lParam & (int)Keys.Alt) != 0)
{
if (!doing)
{
doing = true;
MessageBox.Show("Captured");
doing = false;
}
}
}
catch
{
}
return CallNextHookEx(khook, code, wParam, lParam);
}
}
注意对于命名空间的引入，在程序中Keys.Z，Keys.Alt可以改为你想要控制的按键键盘，可以是是单一按键也可以是组合键。当然，也可以捕获复制、粘贴、撤销等等组合快捷键。
对于键盘、鼠标钩子的处理：《C#鼠标键盘钩子》http://blog.csdn.net/wangyong0921/article/details/8262631
对于键盘钩子的另一种处理：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace ICS.Common
{
/// <summary>
/// 这个类可以让你得到一个在运行中程序的所有键盘或鼠标事件
/// 并且引发一个带KeyEventArgs参数的.NET事件以便你很容易使用这些信息
/// </summary>
public class KeyBordHook
{
private const int WM_KEYDOWN = 0x100;
private const int WM_KEYUP = 0x101;
private const int WM_SYSKEYDOWN = 0x104;
private const int WM_SYSKEYUP = 0x105;
//全局的事件
public event KeyEventHandler OnKeyDownEvent;
public event KeyEventHandler OnKeyUpEvent;
public event KeyPressEventHandler OnKeyPressEvent;
static int hKeyboardHook = 0; //键盘钩子句柄
//鼠标常量
public const int WH_KEYBOARD_LL = 13; //keyboard hook constant
HookProc KeyboardHookProcedure; //声明键盘钩子事件类型.
//声明键盘钩子的封送结构类型
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class KeyboardHookStruct
{
public int vkCode; //表示一个在1到254间的虚似键盘码
public int scanCode; //表示硬件扫描码
public int flags;
public int time;
public int dwExtraInfo;
}
//装置钩子的函数
[DllImport("user32.dll ", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern int SetWindowsHookEx(int idHook, HookProc lpfn, IntPtr hInstance, int threadId);
//卸下钩子的函数
[DllImport("user32.dll ", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(int idHook);
//下一个钩挂的函数
[DllImport("user32.dll ", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern int CallNextHookEx(int idHook, int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);
[DllImport("user32 ")]
public static extern int ToAscii(int uVirtKey, int uScanCode, byte[] lpbKeyState, byte[] lpwTransKey, int fuState);
[DllImport("user32 ")]
public static extern int GetKeyboardState(byte[] pbKeyState);
public delegate int HookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);
/// <summary>
/// 墨认的构造函数构造当前类的实例并自动的运行起来.
/// </summary>
public KeyBordHook()
{
Start();
}
//析构函数.
~KeyBordHook()
{
Stop();
}
public void Start()
{
//安装键盘钩子
if (hKeyboardHook == 0)
{
KeyboardHookProcedure = new HookProc(KeyboardHookProc);
hKeyboardHook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD_LL, KeyboardHookProcedure, Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().ManifestModule), 0);
if (hKeyboardHook == 0)
{
Stop();
throw new Exception("SetWindowsHookEx ist failed. ");
}
}
}
public void Stop()
{
bool retKeyboard = true;
if (hKeyboardHook != 0)
{
retKeyboard = UnhookWindowsHookEx(hKeyboardHook);
hKeyboardHook = 0;
}
//如果卸下钩子失败
if (!(retKeyboard)) throw new Exception("UnhookWindowsHookEx failed. ");
}
private int KeyboardHookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam)
{
if ((nCode >= 0) && (OnKeyDownEvent != null || OnKeyUpEvent != null || OnKeyPressEvent != null))
{
KeyboardHookStruct MyKeyboardHookStruct = (KeyboardHookStruct)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(KeyboardHookStruct));
//引发OnKeyDownEvent
if (OnKeyDownEvent != null && (wParam == WM_KEYDOWN || wParam == WM_SYSKEYDOWN))
{
Keys keyData = (Keys)MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode;
KeyEventArgs e = new KeyEventArgs(keyData);
OnKeyDownEvent(this, e);
}
//引发OnKeyPressEvent
if (OnKeyPressEvent != null && wParam == WM_KEYDOWN)
{
byte[] keyState = new byte[256];
GetKeyboardState(keyState);
byte[] inBuffer = new byte[2];
if (ToAscii(MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode,
MyKeyboardHookStruct.scanCode,
keyState,
inBuffer,
MyKeyboardHookStruct.flags) == 1)
{
KeyPressEventArgs e = new KeyPressEventArgs((char)inBuffer[0]);
OnKeyPressEvent(this, e);
}
}
//引发OnKeyUpEvent
if (OnKeyUpEvent != null && (wParam == WM_KEYUP || wParam == WM_SYSKEYUP))
{
Keys keyData = (Keys)MyKeyboardHookStruct.vkCode;
KeyEventArgs e = new KeyEventArgs(keyData);
OnKeyUpEvent(this, e);
}
}
return CallNextHookEx(hKeyboardHook, nCode, wParam, lParam);
}
}
对于鼠标钩子的处理：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace PowerPointTest
{
/// <summary>
/// 这个类可以让你得到一个在运行中程序的所有鼠标事件
/// 并且引发一个带MouseEventArgs参数的.NET鼠标事件以便你很容易使用这些信息
/// </summary>
public class MouseHook
{
private const int WM_MOUSEMOVE = 0x200;
private const int WM_LBUTTONDOWN = 0x201;
private const int WM_RBUTTONDOWN = 0x204;
private const int WM_MBUTTONDOWN = 0x207;
private const int WM_LBUTTONUP = 0x202;
private const int WM_RBUTTONUP = 0x205;
private const int WM_MBUTTONUP = 0x208;
private const int WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK = 0x203;
private const int WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK = 0x206;
private const int WM_MBUTTONDBLCLK = 0x209;
//全局的事件
public event MouseEventHandler OnMouseActivity;
static int hMouseHook = 0; //鼠标钩子句柄
//鼠标常量
public const int WH_MOUSE_LL = 14; //mouse hook constant
HookProc MouseHookProcedure; //声明鼠标钩子事件类型.
//声明一个Point的封送类型
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class POINT
{
public int x;
public int y;
}
//声明鼠标钩子的封送结构类型
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public class MouseHookStruct
{
public POINT pt;
public int hWnd;
public int wHitTestCode;
public int dwExtraInfo;
}
//装置钩子的函数
[DllImport("user32.dll ", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern int SetWindowsHookEx(int idHook, HookProc lpfn, IntPtr hInstance, int threadId);
//卸下钩子的函数
[DllImport("user32.dll ", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(int idHook); //下一个钩挂的函数
[DllImport("user32.dll ", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
public static extern int CallNextHookEx(int idHook, int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);
public delegate int HookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);
/// <summary>
/// 墨认的构造函数构造当前类的实例.
/// </summary>
public MouseHook()
{
//Start();
}
//析构函数.
~MouseHook()
{
Stop();
}
public void Start()
{
//安装鼠标钩子
if (hMouseHook == 0)
{
//生成一个HookProc的实例.
MouseHookProcedure = new HookProc(MouseHookProc);
hMouseHook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_MOUSE_LL, MouseHookProcedure, Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetModules()[0]), 0);
//如果装置失败停止钩子
if (hMouseHook == 0)
{
Stop();
throw new Exception("SetWindowsHookEx failed. ");
}
}
}
public void Stop()
{
bool retMouse = true;
if (hMouseHook != 0)
{
retMouse = UnhookWindowsHookEx(hMouseHook);
hMouseHook = 0;
}
//如果卸下钩子失败
if (!(retMouse)) throw new Exception("UnhookWindowsHookEx failed. ");
}
private int MouseHookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam)
{
//如果正常运行并且用户要监听鼠标的消息
if ((nCode >= 0) && (OnMouseActivity != null))
{
MouseButtons button = MouseButtons.None;
int clickCount = 0;
switch (wParam)
{
case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: button = MouseButtons.Left; clickCount = 1; break;
case WM_LBUTTONUP: button = MouseButtons.Left; clickCount = 1; break;
case WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK: button = MouseButtons.Left; clickCount = 2; break;
case WM_RBUTTONDOWN: button = MouseButtons.Right; clickCount = 1; break;
case WM_RBUTTONUP: button = MouseButtons.Right; clickCount = 1; break;
case WM_RBUTTONDBLCLK: button = MouseButtons.Right; clickCount = 2; break;
}
//从回调函数中得到鼠标的信息
MouseHookStruct MyMouseHookStruct = (MouseHookStruct)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(MouseHookStruct));
MouseEventArgs e = new MouseEventArgs(button, clickCount, MyMouseHookStruct.pt.x, MyMouseHookStruct.pt.y, 0);
OnMouseActivity(this, e);
}
return CallNextHookEx(hMouseHook, nCode, wParam, lParam);
}
}
}