Spring3+Hibernate+Struts2整合之注解整合

软件要求：jdk7+eclipse+tomcat+PostgreSQL
SSH 环境配置：
一：配置hibernate
1）定义hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
    <!-- 1 基本4项 -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">
            org.postgresql.Driver
        </property>
        <property name="connection.url">
            jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/chapter17
            </property>
        <property name="connection.username">postgres</property>
        <property name="connection.password">123456</property>
        <!-- 2 方言 -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</property>
        <!-- 3 sql -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <!-- 4 取消bean校验 -->
        <property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</property>
        <!-- 5整合c3p0 -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.provider_class">
            org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider
            </property>
         <!-- 使用注解方式 -->
        <mapping class="cn.itcast.domain.User"/>    
        </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

二：配置spring管理hibernate。
配置applicationContext.xml文件（注:xml 文件可以相互引用）
主要ApplicationContext代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 使用hibernate.cfg.xml -->
<!-- <import resource="applicationContext1.xml"/> -->
<!-- 不使用hibernate.cfg.xml -->
<!-- <import resource="applicationContext2.xml"/> -->
<!-- 使用注解方式 -->
  <import resource="applicationContext3.xml"/>
</beans>

另外注解方式对应的的ApplicationContext3 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <!-- 开发模式 -->
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
    <!-- 开发模式 -->
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
    <package name="ssh" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <!-- action的创建交予Sping -->
        <action name="userAction_*" class="userAction" method="{1}">
            <result name="add">/success.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>

</struts>

我们先进行后台数据库插入操作。

一：实体和表对应
基本思路，通过给Entity注解，并且设置Table属性，可以将表和Entity一一对应。
@entity，在类之前加上这个表示这个是是对应表的实体类
@Table（name=“t_user”）

package cn.itcast.domain;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="t_user")
public class User1 {
    @Id（表示ID）
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)（主键生成策略）
    private Integer id;
    @Column(name="username", length=50)（对应表中的列）
    private String username;
    private String password;（不写的话，表示默认，如果字符完全一样，那就可以不写）
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

}

上面的注解后，作用相当于配置User.hbm.xml 文件了。

二：注解dao层
增加@Respository
代码如下
接口层定义方法

package cn.itcast.dao;

import java.util.List;

import cn.itcast.domain.User;

public interface UserDao {
    public void saveUser(User user);
    public void updateUser(User user);
    public void deleteUser(User user);
    public User findById(Integer id);
    public List<User> findAllUser();
}

定义类方法实现

package cn.itcast.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;

@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

    @Autowired
    private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;
    @Override
    public void saveUser(User user) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.hibernateTemplate.save(user);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateUser(User user) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.hibernateTemplate.update(user);
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteUser(User user) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.hibernateTemplate.delete(user);
    }

    @Override
    public User findById(Integer id) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return this.hibernateTemplate.get(User.class, id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> findAllUser() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return this.hibernateTemplate.find("from User");
    }

}

三：注解Service 层
接口方法定义代码：

package cn.itcast.service;

import java.util.List;

import cn.itcast.domain.User;

public interface UserService {
    public void saveUser(User user);
    public void updateUser(User user);
    public void deleteUser(User user);
    public User findById(Integer id);
    public List<User> findAllUser();
}

实现代码

package cn.itcast.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import cn.itcast.service.UserService;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired 
    private UserDao userDao;
    @Transactional
    @Override
    public void saveUser(User user) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.userDao.saveUser(user);
    }
    @Transactional
    @Override
    public void updateUser(User user) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.userDao.updateUser(user);
    }
    @Transactional
    @Override
    public void deleteUser(User user) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.userDao.deleteUser(user);
    }
    @Transactional(readOnly=true)
    @Override
    public User findById(Integer id) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return this.userDao.findById(id);
    }
    @Transactional(readOnly=true)
    @Override
    public List<User> findAllUser() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return this.userDao.findAllUser();
    }

}

四：注解Action层
代码如下

package cn.itcast.action;

import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.ParentPackage;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import cn.itcast.service.UserService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

@Namespace("/")
@ParentPackage("struts-default")
@Controller
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
    /** * */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private User user = new User();

    public User getModel() {
        return this.user;
    }

    // *****************************
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @Action(value = "userAction_add", results = { @Result(name = "add", location = "/success.jsp") })
    public String add() {
        this.userService.saveUser(user);
        return "add";
    }
}

测试类定义：

package cn.itcast.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import cn.itcast.service.UserService;

public class AppTest {
    @Test
     public void demo()
     {
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("cherry");
        user.setPassword("12345678");
        String xmlPath = "applicationContext.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                xmlPath);
        UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean("userService",
                UserService.class);
        userService.saveUser(user);
     }
}

结果如下：

现在：链接前端和spring了

web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    <!-- 监听器 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!--配置Struts2核心控制器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

设置好web 容器后，设置struts 相应的action

struts代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
    <!-- 开发模式 -->
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
    <!-- 开发模式 -->
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true"></constant>
    <package name="ssh" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <!-- action的创建交予Sping -->
        <action name="userAction_*" class="userAction" method="{1}">
            <result name="add">/success.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>

</struts>

这时，配置好了前端和后端的动作了，可以直接写好前端，写好前端的action，就可以进行插入操作了
index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>添加用户</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/userAction_add" method="post">
        用户名：<input type="text" name="username" /> <br/> 
        密&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp码：<input type="password" name="password" /> <br/> 
        <input type="submit" value="添加" />
    </form>
</body>
</html>

插入成功页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>成功页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>insert successfully</p>
</body>
</html>

在服务器上运行项目，输入地址
http://localhost:8080/AnnotationCom/index.jsp

插入成功的话会出现下面的页面

数据库如下：

代码下载：地址
http://download.csdn.net/detail/u010714901/9680878

总结：对于SSH 整合来说，Spring 才是最重要的那个，因为他是管理者，管理Bean的创建，管理后台中所有的东西。在spring采用注解Annotation来管理的时候，struts.xml 文件需要改action中class属性的值，变成在spring中定义的类的id。
Spring是struts和hibernate的中转站。