我在使用twitter api时遇到问题，它会返回400个不良请求

I am having trouble accessing the twitter api. It give 400 Bad request. Previously it was giving unauthorized exception. Can someone please help me figure out what am I doing wrong? I am writing this code for image upload. I thought I would first try with regular post method then would add file upload but stuck at Bad request

我无法访问twitter api。它给出400 Bad请求。以前它提供了未经授权的例外。有人可以帮我弄清楚我做错了什么？我正在为图像上传编写此代码。我以为我会首先尝试使用常规的post方法然后添加文件上传，但坚持Bad请求

import oauth2 as oauth
import json
import urllib
import urllib2
from collections import namedtuple
import time
from hashlib import sha1
import hmac
import uuid
import base64


AUTHENTICATION="https://api.twitter.com/oauth2/token"
REQUEST_TOKEN="https://api.twitter.com/oauth/request_token"
AUTHORIZE_URL="https://api.twitter.com/oauth/authorize"
ACCESS_TOKEN_URL="https://api.twitter.com/oauth/access_token"


CONSUMER_KEY=""
CONSUMER_SECRET=""
ACCESS_KEY=""
ACCESS_SECRET=""

OAuth_Basic=namedtuple("OAuth_Basic", "oauth_consumer_key oauth_signature_method  oauth_version")
baseString=namedtuple("baseString", "timeStamp string nonce status")
SendRequest=namedtuple("SendRequest", "method url timestamp upload")



def basestring(oauth, access_key, body=None):
    timestamp = str(int(time.time()))
    nonce= base64.b64encode(str(uuid.uuid4().hex))
    basestring=percentencode("oauth_consumer_key") + "=" + percentencode(oauth.oauth_consumer_key) + "&"
    basestring+=percentencode("oauth_nonce") + "=" + percentencode(nonce) + "&"
    basestring+=percentencode("oauth_signature_method") + "=" + percentencode(oauth.oauth_signature_method) + "&"
    basestring+=percentencode("oauth_timestamp") + "=" + percentencode(timestamp) + "&"
    basestring+=percentencode("oauth_token") + "=" + percentencode(access_key) + "&"
    basestring+=percentencode("oauth_version") + "=" + percentencode(oauth.oauth_version)
    if body:
        basestring+="&" + percentencode("status") + "=" + percentencode(body)
    return baseString(timeStamp=timestamp, string=basestring, nonce=nonce, status=body)

def sign_request(signature, consumer_secret, access_secret):
    key = consumer_secret + "&" + access_secret
    hashed = hmac.new(key, signature, sha1)
    return hashed.digest().encode("base64").rstrip('\n')


def signaturebasestring(request, basestr, upload=False):
    if not upload:
        return percentencode(request.method) + "&" + percentencode(request.url) + "&" + percentencode(basestr)
    return percentencode(request.url) + "&" + percentencode(basestr)


def sendrequest(s_oauth, s_basestring, s_request, s_signature):
    oauth_header="OAuth oauth_consumer_key=\""+s_oauth.oauth_consumer_key+"\", oauth_nonce=\""+s_basestring.nonce+"\", oauth_signature=\""+percentencode(s_signature)+"\", oauth_signature_method=\""+s_oauth.oauth_signature_method+"\", oauth_timestamp=\""+s_request.timestamp+"\", oauth_token=\""+ACCESS_KEY+"\", oauth_version=\""+s_oauth.oauth_version+"\"" 
    headers = {"Authorization": oauth_header, "Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Host":"api.twitter.com", "User-Agent":"OAuth gem v0.4.4", "oauth_consumer_key":s_oauth.oauth_consumer_key}
    status = {"status":s_basestring.status}
    encoded_args = urllib.urlencode(status)
    req = urllib2.Request(s_request.url, encoded_args, headers)
    try:
        resp = urllib2.urlopen(req)
        print resp
    except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
        print "httperror :" + str(e.code) 
        print e.reason
    except urllib2.URLError, e:
        print "urlerror :" + str(e.code) 
        print e.reason
    except httplib.HTTPException, e:
        print "httpexception :" + str(e.code) 
        print e.reason


def percentencode(val):
    return val.replace(" ", "%20").replace("!", "%21").replace("&", "%26").replace("/", "%2F").replace("=", "%3D").replace("+", "%2B").replace(",", "%2C").replace("-", "%2D").replace(".", "%2E")

p_oauth=OAuth_Basic(oauth_consumer_key=CONSUMER_KEY, oauth_signature_method="HMAC-SHA1", oauth_version="1.0")
p_basestring=basestring(p_oauth, ACCESS_KEY, "hello world")
p_request = SendRequest(method="POST", url="https://api.twitter.com/1.1/statuses/update.json", timestamp=p_basestring.timeStamp,  upload=False)
signature=sign_request(signaturebasestring(p_request, p_basestring.string, False), CONSUMER_SECRET, ACCESS_SECRET)
sendrequest(p_oauth, p_basestring, p_request, signature)

1 个解决方案

#1

I found the error. The percent encoding was happening in lower case, Changed to upper case and everything started working. There were couple of site that helped validate the OAuth Header. Thanks

我发现了错误。百分比编码以小写形式发生，更改为大写，一切都开始工作。有几个网站帮助验证了OAuth标头。谢谢