So I have a set of timestamps like this:
我有一套这样的时间戳:
datetime<-c("2011-09-28 03:33:00", "2011-08-24 13:41:00", "2011-09-19 16:14:00", "2011-08-18 11:01:00", "2011-09-17 06:35:00", "2011-08-15 12:48:00")
I want to make a histogram of only the times. What I did was to split the column at the space to get only the times, then convert back to a POSIXct object in order for qplot to plot it:
我想做一个只有时间的直方图。我所做的是在空间上分割列以得到唯一的时间,然后转换回POSIXct对象,以便qplot绘图:
library(ggplot2, stringr)
qplot(as.POSIXct(strptime((str_split_fixed(as.character(time), " ", 2)[,2]), "%H:%M:%S")))
However, the output of as.POSIXct(strptime((str_split_fixed(as.character(datetime), " ", 2)[,2]), "%H:%M:%S"))
is
然而,asn . posixct (strptime(str_split_fixed) (as.character(datetime), " " " ", 2 ", 2 ", 2 "), "%H:%M:%S")的输出是
"2011-10-04 03:33:00 PDT" "2011-10-04 13:41:00 PDT" "2011-10-04 16:14:00 PDT" "2011-10-04 11:01:00 PDT" "2011-10-04 06:35:00 PDT" "2011-10-04 12:48:00 PDT"
qplot plots what I want, but this seems like a convoluted hack to me. Surely there's a better way to do this? I could convert into epoch time and plot that, but I was trying to avoid having to do that as an extra step.
qplot将绘制我想要的图形,但对我来说,这似乎是一个复杂的黑客。肯定有更好的方法来做这件事吗?我可以把它转换成纪元时间并绘制出来,但我尽量避免把它作为额外的步骤。
The larger question is, "How do I control the output of strptime?"
更大的问题是,“如何控制strptime的输出?”
2 个解决方案
#1
13
How about this approach?
这种方法怎么样?
require("ggplot2")
dtstring <- c(
"2011-09-28 03:33:00", "2011-08-24 13:41:00", "2011-09-19 16:14:00",
"2011-08-18 11:01:00", "2011-09-17 06:35:00", "2011-08-15 12:48:00"
)
dtPOSIXct <- as.POSIXct(dtstring)
# extract time of 'date+time' (POSIXct) in hours as numeric
dtTime <- as.numeric(dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct, "days"))
p <- qplot(dtTime) + xlab("Time slot") + scale_x_datetime(format = "%S:00")
print(p)
The calculation, dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct, "days")
, extracts time of POSIXct class objects in hours.
通过计算,dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct,“days”),以小时为单位提取POSIXct类对象的时间。
For ggplot2-0.9.1
:
ggplot2-0.9.1:
require("ggplot2")
require("scales")
dtstring <- c(
"2011-09-28 03:33:00", "2011-08-24 13:41:00", "2011-09-19 16:14:00",
"2011-08-18 11:01:00", "2011-09-17 06:35:00", "2011-08-15 12:48:00"
)
dtPOSIXct <- as.POSIXct(dtstring)
# extract time of 'date+time' (POSIXct) in hours as numeric
dtTime <- as.numeric(dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct, "days"))
p <- qplot(dtTime) + xlab("Time slot") +
scale_x_datetime(labels = date_format("%S:00"))
print(p)
For ggplot2-0.9.3.1
:
ggplot2-0.9.3.1:
require("ggplot2")
require("scales")
dtstring <- c(
"2011-09-28 03:33:00", "2011-08-24 13:41:00", "2011-09-19 16:14:00",
"2011-08-18 11:01:00", "2011-09-17 06:35:00", "2011-08-15 12:48:00"
)
dtPOSIXct <- as.POSIXct(dtstring)
# extract time of 'date+time' (POSIXct) in hours as numeric
dtTime <- as.numeric(dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct, "days"))
class(dtTime) <- "POSIXct"
p <- qplot(dtTime) + xlab("Time slot") +
scale_x_datetime(labels = date_format("%S:00"))
print(p)
#2
4
Just use the basic tools as they were intended:
只要按预期使用基本工具即可:
dtstring <- c("2011-09-28 03:33:00", "2011-08-24 13:41:00", "2011-09-19 16:14:00", "2011-08-18 11:01:00", "2011-09-17 06:35:00", "2011-08-15 12:48:00")
datetime <- as.POSIXct(dtstring)
library(ggplot2)
qplot(datetime)
The format of your strings is the default for parsing with as.POSIXct
, see ?strptime
for details or if you have something other than this format.
字符串的格式是用于解析的默认格式。POSIXct,参见?strptime获取详细信息,或者如果您有其他格式的内容。
If you want a specific string format from your date-time values, use format
, as in
如果您希望从日期-时间值中获得特定的字符串格式,请使用format,如in
format(datetime, "%d-%b")
[1] "28-Sep" "24-Aug" "19-Sep" "18-Aug" "17-Sep" "15-Aug"
Again, see ?strptime
for details. If you really want to trash the time values, you can use the Date
class. Just be aware that date-times or dates need their full structure, any other representation is just formatted text.
再一次,详情见strptime。如果您真的想要垃圾时间值,可以使用Date类。请注意,日期时间或日期需要它们的完整结构,任何其他表示都只是格式化的文本。
qplot(as.Date(datetime))
qplot(as.Date(datetime))
#1
13
How about this approach?
这种方法怎么样?
require("ggplot2")
dtstring <- c(
"2011-09-28 03:33:00", "2011-08-24 13:41:00", "2011-09-19 16:14:00",
"2011-08-18 11:01:00", "2011-09-17 06:35:00", "2011-08-15 12:48:00"
)
dtPOSIXct <- as.POSIXct(dtstring)
# extract time of 'date+time' (POSIXct) in hours as numeric
dtTime <- as.numeric(dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct, "days"))
p <- qplot(dtTime) + xlab("Time slot") + scale_x_datetime(format = "%S:00")
print(p)
The calculation, dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct, "days")
, extracts time of POSIXct class objects in hours.
通过计算,dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct,“days”),以小时为单位提取POSIXct类对象的时间。
For ggplot2-0.9.1
:
ggplot2-0.9.1:
require("ggplot2")
require("scales")
dtstring <- c(
"2011-09-28 03:33:00", "2011-08-24 13:41:00", "2011-09-19 16:14:00",
"2011-08-18 11:01:00", "2011-09-17 06:35:00", "2011-08-15 12:48:00"
)
dtPOSIXct <- as.POSIXct(dtstring)
# extract time of 'date+time' (POSIXct) in hours as numeric
dtTime <- as.numeric(dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct, "days"))
p <- qplot(dtTime) + xlab("Time slot") +
scale_x_datetime(labels = date_format("%S:00"))
print(p)
For ggplot2-0.9.3.1
:
ggplot2-0.9.3.1:
require("ggplot2")
require("scales")
dtstring <- c(
"2011-09-28 03:33:00", "2011-08-24 13:41:00", "2011-09-19 16:14:00",
"2011-08-18 11:01:00", "2011-09-17 06:35:00", "2011-08-15 12:48:00"
)
dtPOSIXct <- as.POSIXct(dtstring)
# extract time of 'date+time' (POSIXct) in hours as numeric
dtTime <- as.numeric(dtPOSIXct - trunc(dtPOSIXct, "days"))
class(dtTime) <- "POSIXct"
p <- qplot(dtTime) + xlab("Time slot") +
scale_x_datetime(labels = date_format("%S:00"))
print(p)
#2
4
Just use the basic tools as they were intended:
只要按预期使用基本工具即可:
dtstring <- c("2011-09-28 03:33:00", "2011-08-24 13:41:00", "2011-09-19 16:14:00", "2011-08-18 11:01:00", "2011-09-17 06:35:00", "2011-08-15 12:48:00")
datetime <- as.POSIXct(dtstring)
library(ggplot2)
qplot(datetime)
The format of your strings is the default for parsing with as.POSIXct
, see ?strptime
for details or if you have something other than this format.
字符串的格式是用于解析的默认格式。POSIXct,参见?strptime获取详细信息,或者如果您有其他格式的内容。
If you want a specific string format from your date-time values, use format
, as in
如果您希望从日期-时间值中获得特定的字符串格式,请使用format,如in
format(datetime, "%d-%b")
[1] "28-Sep" "24-Aug" "19-Sep" "18-Aug" "17-Sep" "15-Aug"
Again, see ?strptime
for details. If you really want to trash the time values, you can use the Date
class. Just be aware that date-times or dates need their full structure, any other representation is just formatted text.
再一次,详情见strptime。如果您真的想要垃圾时间值,可以使用Date类。请注意,日期时间或日期需要它们的完整结构,任何其他表示都只是格式化的文本。
qplot(as.Date(datetime))
qplot(as.Date(datetime))