使用python在单个Excel单元格中格式化单个字符

I am using xlrd, xlwt, and xlutils on the Windows Vista OS with Python 2.7. I have a set of DNA sequences in an excel worksheet that are 100 characters long, with each sequence in a single cell. I am trying to highlight characters at specific positions within each of these sequences in excel (bold them or change color), but have not found a way to format individual characters within a cell. Applying a style applies it to the entire cell to my knowledge. Therefore I am trying to break the sequences down into individual components where some parts of the sequence will be modified with a style while others won't, and to then collate these back together into a single string in a single cell.

我在使用Python 2.7的Windows Vista操作系统上使用xlrd，xlwt和xlutils。我在excel工作表中有一组100个字符的DNA序列，每个序列在一个单元格中。我试图在excel中的每个序列中的特定位置突出显示字符（加粗或改变颜色），但是没有找到一种方法来格式化单元格中的单个字符。根据我的知识，应用样式将其应用于整个单元格。因此，我试图将序列分解为单个组件，其中序列的某些部分将使用样式进行修改，而其他部分则不会，然后将这些部分一起整理回单个单元格中的单个字符串。

Code:

码：


    rb = open_workbook('Mybook', formatting_info=True)
    rs = rb.sheet_by_index(0)
    wb = copy(rb)
    ws = wb.get_sheet(0)

    minus35style = xlwt.easyxf('font: bold 1') # style I'd like for just one character
    for b in range(0, 368, 1):
        rscellin = rs.cell(b,9)
        f = rscellin.value
        tominus35 = str(f[0:34])
        minus35 = str(f[35:36])
        ws.write(b, 14, tominus35)
        ws.write(b, 14, minus35, minus35style)
    wb.save('Mybook')

My problem is that adding a style changes the whole cell, and I want just certain characters to be modified. Additionally, subsequent writing to the same cell overwrites what was there previously. Is there a way to modify individual characters in a single cell, or to add differently formatted text to an existing cell that already has text in it?

我的问题是添加样式会改变整个单元格，我只想修改某些字符。此外，后续写入同一单元格会覆盖之前的内容。有没有办法修改单个单元格中的单个字符，或者将不同格式的文本添加到已经包含文本的现有单元格中？

Please let me know if you require additional information that I've overlooked. I appreciate your time in advance.

如果您需要我忽略的其他信息，请与我们联系。我提前感谢您的时间。

Brett

布雷特

1 个解决方案

#1

Recent versions of xlwt include the ability to use Rich Text within a cell. Where normally you would use ws.write, use ws.write_rich_text instead. The first two parameters are the row index and column index, as usual; but the next parameter is a sequence of components. Each component can either be a "naked" text value or a (text, font) pair. The naked text values will use the font from the cell's overall style, which can be specified using the optional fourth parameter.

xlwt的最新版本包括在单元格中使用RTF的功能。通常你会使用ws.write，而是使用ws.write_rich_text。前两个参数是行索引和列索引，像往常一样;但是下一个参数是一系列组件。每个组件可以是“裸”文本值或（文本，字体）对。裸文本值将使用单元格整体样式中的字体，可以使用可选的第四个参数指定。

For the (text, font) pairs, it is simplest to generate fonts using the new easyfont feature, which is kind of like easyxf but only for fonts. Here is an example:

对于（文本，字体）对，最简单的方法是使用新的easyfont功能生成字体，这有点像easyxf，但仅适用于字体。这是一个例子：

import xlwt

wb = xlwt.Workbook()
ws = wb.add_sheet('Sheet1')

font0 = xlwt.easyfont('')
font1 = xlwt.easyfont('bold true')
font2 = xlwt.easyfont('color_index red')
style = xlwt.easyxf('font: color_index blue')

seg1 = ('bold', font1)
seg2 = ('red', font2)
seg3 = ('plain', font0)
seg4 = ('boldagain', font1)

ws.write_rich_text(2, 5, (seg1, seg2, seg3, seg4))
ws.write_rich_text(4, 1, ('xyz', seg2, seg3, '123'), style)

wb.save('rich_text.xls')

You should be able to adapt the above for your purposes. Note that you still have to write or overwrite the whole cell at once; you can't go back and update only part of a cell later.

您应该能够根据您的目的调整上述内容。请注意，您仍然必须立即写入或覆盖整个单元格;你不能回过头来更新一部分单元格。

#1