lxml XPath - 如何从节点获取连接文本

I have a node like

我有一个节点

<a class="someclass">
Wie
<em>Messi</em>
einen kleinen Jungen stehen lässt
</a>

How do I construct an XPath to get ["Wie Messi einen kleinen Jungen stehen lässt"] instead of ["Wie","Messi","einen kleinen Jungen stehen lässt"]?

如何构建一个XPath来获取[“Wie Messi einen kleinen Jungenstehenlässt”]而不是[“Wie”,“Messi”,“einen kleinen Jungenstehenlässt”]?

I am using python lxml.html function with XPath.

我在XPath中使用python lxml.html函数。

Tried combinations

//a/node()/text()
//a/descendant::*/text()
//a/text()

But it didn't help. Any solutions?

但它没有帮助。有解决方案?

I was thinking of another approach where I somehow get the "inner html" of the <a> element (which in the above case will be "Wie <em>Messi</em> einen kleinen Jungen stehen lässt") and remove the <em> tags from the html.

我想到了另一种方法,我以某种方式获得元素的“内部html”(在上面的例子中将是“Wie Messi einen kleinen Jungenstehenlässt”)并删除< em>来自html的标签。

Still trying to figure out how to get innerhtml (Javascript, anyone?) from XPath.

还在试图弄清楚如何从XPath获取innerhtml(Javascript,任何人?)。

2 个解决方案

#1

XPath is a selection language, so what it can do is select nodes. If there are separate nodes in the input then you will get a list of separate nodes as the selection result.

XPath是一种选择语言,因此它可以做的是选择节点。如果输入中有单独的节点,那么您将获得单独节点的列表作为选择结果。

You'll need the help of your host language - Python in this case - to do things beyond that scope (like, merging text nodes into a singe string).

在这种情况下,您需要宿主语言的帮助 - 超出该范围的事情(例如,将文本节点合并为单个字符串)。

You need to find all <a> elements and join their individual text descendants. That's easy enough to do:

您需要找到所有元素并加入其各自的文本后代。这很容易做到:

from lxml import etree

doc = etree.parse("path/to/file")

for a in doc.xpath("//a"):
    print " ".join([t.strip() for t in a.itertext()])

prints

Wie Messi einen kleinen Jungen stehen lässt

As paul correctly points out in the comments below, you can use XPath's normalize-space() and the whole thing gets even simpler.

正如paul在下面的评论中正确指出的那样,你可以使用XPath的normalize-space(),整个事情变得更加简单。

for a in doc.xpath("//a"):
    print a.xpath("normalize-space()")

#2

If you get the string value of the <a> node instead of using text(), you will get a concatenation of the string value of all child nodes, instead of individual text nodes.

如果获得节点的字符串值而不是使用text(),则将获得所有子节点的字符串值的串联,而不是单个文本节点。

Try using simply

尝试简单地使用

//a

And reading the node as a string in your host language. In Python you can use a DOM function as mentioned by @Tomalak to obtain the string value. In lxml you can use .text_content():

并以宿主语言将节点作为字符串读取。在Python中,您可以使用@Tomalak提到的DOM函数来获取字符串值。在lxml中,您可以使用.text_content():

tree.XPath("//a)").text_content()

Within XPath, you can use a type function:

在XPath中,您可以使用类型函数:

string(//a)

#1