Waiting for device dev/disk/by-id/ata-...-part2 to appear

时间：2023-03-08 17:56:29
问题：
平台：Oralce VM Virtualbox的虚拟机Opensuse11.4
导出该机器的OVA文件后，把该OVA文件导入虚拟机，开机启动时报如下错误：
Trying manual resume from /dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T-part1

resume device dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T-part1 not found (ignoring)

Trying manual resume from /dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T-part1

resume device dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T-part1 not found (ignoring)

Waiting for device dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T-part2 to appear : ........................ Could not find dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T-part2 .

Want me to fall back to dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T-part2 ? (Y/N)

y

Waiting for device dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T-part2 to appear : ...............not found -- exiting to /bin/sh
分析：
原因是Opensuse的一个新的默认设置，从10Sp1版本开始，存储设备（硬盘）由原来的名称相关变为ID相关。
说明：
以前的硬盘描述为sda、sdb等，硬盘的分区描述为sda1、sda2、sda3等；
而如今硬盘与分区的新描述，例如：
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST380013AS_4MR2NSD8
其分区描述，例如：
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FTTI70T-part1
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FTTI70T-part2
问题在于，在虚拟机Opensuse机器上硬盘是用ID来描述在配置文件做相关记录的，而目标机器（即存放OVA文件的物理机）硬盘是不一样的，会有不一样的ID记录名称，所以导入后的机器才无法找到硬盘而不能启动成功。
解决：
只需在原来的Opensuse机器上修改两个配置文件即可。这两个文件是
/etc/fstab
/boot/grub/menu.lst
在这两个文件中，我们需要找出每一个类似下面例子的名称，例子如下：
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-TOSHIBA-MK1246GSX-28FGTI70T-part1
然后把它们改成
/dev/sda1
注意分区名称对应如下：
-part1  ->  sda1
-part2  ->  sda2

步骤如下：
确保有权限修改文件，打开文件，修改完毕后，按ESC退出输入模式，然后输入:wq保存修改。

sudo vi /etc/fstab

sudo vi /boot/grub/menu.lst

重启电脑确认一切照常，然后就可以导出OVA文件了。

举例：

以下是这两个文件修改前后的内容变化： 
sudo vi /etc/fstab

BEFORE
/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST380013AS_4MR2NSD8-part1 swap                 swap       defaults

/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST380013AS_4MR2NSD8-part2 /                    ext4       acl,user_xattr

/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST380013AS_4MR2NSD8-part3 /home                ext4       acl,user_xattr

proc                 /proc                proc       defaults

sysfs                /sys                 sysfs      noauto

debugfs              /sys/kernel/debug    debugfs    noauto

usbfs                /proc/bus/usb        usbfs      noauto

devpts               /dev/pts             devpts     mode=,gid=        

AFTER
/dev/sda1 swap                 swap       defaults

/dev/sda2 /                    ext4       acl,user_xattr

/dev/sda3 /home                ext4       acl,user_xattr

proc                 /proc                proc       defaults

sysfs                /sys                 sysfs      noauto

debugfs              /sys/kernel/debug    debugfs    noauto

usbfs                /proc/bus/usb        usbfs      noauto

devpts               /dev/pts             devpts     mode=,gid=        
sudo vi /boot/grub/menu.lst

BEFORE

# Modified by YaST2. Last modification on Fri Nov  :: CET

# THIS FILE WILL BE PARTIALLY OVERWRITTEN by perl-Bootloader

# For the new kernel it try to figure out old parameters. In case we are not able to recognize it (e.g. change of flavor or strange install order ) it it use as fallback installation parameters from /etc/sysconfig/bootloader

default

timeout

##YaST - generic_mbr

gfxmenu (hd0,)/boot/message

##YaST - activate

###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: linux###

title openSUSE 12.1 - 3.1.-1.2

    root (hd0,)

    kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.1.-1.2-default root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST380013AS_4MR2NSD8-part2 resume=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST380013AS_4MR2NSD8-part1 splash=silent quiet showopts vga=0x31a

    initrd /boot/initrd-3.1.-1.2-default

###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: failsafe###

title Failsafe -- openSUSE 12.1 - 3.1.-1.2

    root (hd0,)

    kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.1.-1.2-default root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST380013AS_4MR2NSD8-part2 showopts apm=off noresume nosmp maxcpus= edd=off powersaved=off nohz=off highres=off processor.max_cstate= nomodeset x11failsafe vga=0x31a

    initrd /boot/initrd-3.1.-1.2-default

AFTER

# Modified by YaST2. Last modification on Fri Nov  :: CET

# THIS FILE WILL BE PARTIALLY OVERWRITTEN by perl-Bootloader

# For the new kernel it try to figure out old parameters. In case we are not able to recognize it (e.g. change of flavor or strange install order ) it it use as fallback installation parameters from /etc/sysconfig/bootloader

default

timeout

##YaST - generic_mbr

gfxmenu (hd0,)/boot/message

##YaST - activate

###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: linux###

title openSUSE 12.1 - 3.1.-1.2

    root (hd0,)

    kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.1.-1.2-default root=/dev/sda2 resume=/dev/sda1 splash=silent quiet showopts vga=0x31a

    initrd /boot/initrd-3.1.-1.2-default

###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: failsafe###

title Failsafe -- openSUSE 12.1 - 3.1.-1.2

    root (hd0,)

    kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.1.-1.2-default root=/dev/sda2 showopts apm=off noresume nosmp maxcpus= edd=off powersaved=off nohz=off highres=off processor.max_cstate= nomodeset x11failsafe vga=0x31a

    initrd /boot/initrd-3.1.-1.2-default

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