使用Slf4j集成Log4j2构建项目日志系统的完美解决方案

时间:2020-12-03 21:53:33

一、背景

  最近因为公司项目性能需要,我们考虑把以前基于的log4j的日志系统重构成基于Slf4j和log4j2的日志系统,因为,使用slf4j可以很好的保证我们的日志系统具有良好的兼容性,兼容当前常见几种日志系统,而使用log4j2而不是log4j是因为Log4j 1.x 在高并发情况下出现死锁导致cpu使用率异常飙升,而Log4j2.0基于LMAX Disruptor的异步日志在多线程环境下性能会远远优于Log4j 1.x和logback(官方数据是10倍以上)。

  关于slf4j的原理以及优点,请参见我的另一篇博客:slf4j介绍以及实现原理窥探

二、搭建步骤

  1.依赖管理

    1).删除项目中存在的Log4j1.x所必须的log4j和slf4j-log4j12等依赖。

      可以到项目的根目录,执行:mvn dependency:tree > tree.log,之后使用 cat tree.log | grep log4j命令进行查找。

 1     <exclusions>  
2 <exclusion>
3 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
4 <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
5 </exclusion>
6 <exclusion>
7 <groupId>log4j</groupId>
8 <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
9 </exclusion>
10 </exclusions>

    2).添加以下slf4j和log4j2的依赖.

 1     <!-- slf4j核心包-->  
2 <dependency>
3 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
4 <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
5 <version>1.7.13</version>
6 </dependency>
7 <dependency>
8 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
9 <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
10 <version>1.7.13</version>
11 <scope>runtime</scope>
12 </dependency>
13
14 <!--核心log4j2jar包-->
15 <dependency>
16 <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
17 <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
18 <version>2.4.1</version>
19 </dependency>
20 <dependency>
21 <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
22 <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
23 <version>2.4.1</version>
24 </dependency>
25 <!--用于与slf4j保持桥接-->
26 <dependency>
27 <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
28 <artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
29 <version>2.4.1</version>
30 </dependency>
31 <!--web工程需要包含log4j-web,非web工程不需要-->
32 <dependency>
33 <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
34 <artifactId>log4j-web</artifactId>
35 <version>2.4.1</version>
36 <scope>runtime</scope>
37 </dependency>
38
39 <!--需要使用log4j2的AsyncLogger需要包含disruptor-->
40 <dependency>
41 <groupId>com.lmax</groupId>
42 <artifactId>disruptor</artifactId>
43 <version>3.2.0</version>
44 </dependency>

  2.web.xml中设置log4j2的监听器和过滤器(servlet3.0及以上版本不需要该步操作)

 1 <!--对于log4j2,Servlet2.5以前的版本需要-->  
2 <listener>
3 <listener-class>org.apache.logging.log4j.web.Log4jServletContextListener</listener-class>
4 </listener>
5 <filter>
6 <filter-name>log4jServletFilter</filter-name>
7 <filter-class>org.apache.logging.log4j.web.Log4jServletFilter</filter-class>
8 </filter>
9 <filter-mapping>
10 <filter-name>log4jServletFilter</filter-name>
11 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
12 <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
13 <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
14 <dispatcher>INCLUDE</dispatcher>
15 <dispatcher>ERROR</dispatcher>
16 </filter-mapping>

  注意:log4j2不再支持properties文件了,只支持xml,json或是yaml,不指定位置的情况下默认在src/main/resources下查找。

     如果需要自定义位置,需要在上面的web.xml中添加以下代码

1 <context-param>  
2 <param-name>log4jConfiguration</param-name>
3 <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/log4j2.xml</param-value>
4 </context-param>

  3.log4j2.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2
3 <Configuration status="off" monitorInterval="1800">
4
5 <properties>
6 <property name="LOG_HOME">/opt/logs/hafiz/log4j2Demo/logs</property>
7 <property name="ERROR_LOG_FILE_NAME">error</property>
8 </properties>
9
10
11 <Appenders>
12 <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
13 <PatternLayout pattern="%d %-5p (%F:%L) - %m%n" />
14 </Console>
15
16 <RollingRandomAccessFile name="ErrorLog"
17 fileName="${LOG_HOME}/${ERROR_LOG_FILE_NAME}.log"
18 filePattern="${LOG_HOME}/${ERROR_LOG_FILE_NAME}.log.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.gz">
19 <PatternLayout
20 pattern="%d %-5p (%F:%L) - %m%n"/>
21 <Policies>
22 <TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>
23 <SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>
24 </Policies>
25 <DefaultRolloverStrategy max="20"/>
26 </RollingRandomAccessFile>
27
28 </Appenders>
29
30 <Loggers>
31 <!-- 3rdparty Loggers -->
32 <logger name="org.springframework.core" level="info">
33 </logger>
34 <logger name="org.springframework.beans" level="info">
35 </logger>
36 <logger name="org.springframework.context" level="info">
37 </logger>
38 <logger name="org.springframework.web" level="info">
39 </logger>
40
41 <logger name="com.hafiz.www.controller" level="error" includeLocation="true" additivity="false">
42 <appender-ref ref="ErrorLog"/>
43 <appender-ref ref="Console"/>
44 </logger>
45
46 <root level="info" includeLocation="true">
47 <appender-ref ref="Console"/>
48 </root>
49 </Loggers>
50 </Configuration>

  4.测试类UserController.java

 1 package com.hafiz.www.controller;
2
3 import com.hafiz.www.po.UserEntity;
4 import com.hafiz.www.service.UserService;
5 import org.slf4j.Logger;
6 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
8 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
9 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
10 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
11 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
12
13 import java.util.ArrayList;
14 import java.util.List;
15
16 /**
17 * Desc:用户信息控制器
18 * Created by hafiz.zhang on 2016/8/27.
19 */
20 @Controller
21 @RequestMapping("/user")
22 public class UserController {
23
24 private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);
25
26 @Autowired
27 private UserService userService;
28
29 @RequestMapping(value = "/all", method = RequestMethod.GET)
30 @ResponseBody
31 public List<UserEntity> getAllUsers(){
32 logger.info("[GET] /user/all getAllUsers");
33 List<UserEntity> list = userService.getAllUsers();
34 logger.debug("This is log of level of debug");
35 logger.trace("log4j2 Demo");
36 logger.error("哎呀,出错啦~");
37 return list;
38 }
39 }

注意:在JVM启动参数中增加 -DLog4jContextSelector=org.apache.logging.log4j.core.async.AsyncLoggerContextSelector 开启异步日志.

小问题:

  项目不打印日志并且报:SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.主要问题在于在项目中既存在slf4j-log4j12的jar包又存在log4j-slf4j-impl的jar包,导致出现了两个打印日志实现类,所以slf4j门面不知道具体应该使用哪一个进行输出日志,所以导致不打印日志

 

  因为我之前是log4j 1.x,并且我在web.xml里面指定了log4j.properties文件的位置,第一次运行项目,忘了修改其值为log4j2.xml,出现了"Context [] startup failed due to previous errors"的错误,导致项目启动不起来,web.xml中修改为如下方式以后就正常了。

1 <context-param>
2 <param-name>log4jConfiguration</param-name>
3 <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/log4j2.xml</param-value>
4 </context-param>