FTP服务器的安装与配置

时间:2024-12-19 10:07:01

查看是否安装ftp:

rpm -qa |grep vsftpd

1、安装vsftp

1.1、安装vsftp,测试安装的vsftpd的版本是:vsftpd.x86_64 0:3.0.2-11.el7_2

yum -y install vsftpd

在linux中添加ftp用户,并设置相应的权限,操作步骤如下:

1、环境:ftp为vsftp。被限制用户名为ftpuser。被限制路径为/home/ftpuser

2、建用户,命令行状态下,在root用户下:

运行命令:“useradd -d /home/ftpuser ftpuser”  //增加用户ftpuser,并制定ftpuser用户的主目录为/home/ftpuser

运行命令:“passwd ftpuser”  //为ftpuser设置密码,运行后输入两次相同密码

1.2、修改配置文件

vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

(1)取消匿名登录

  把第一行的 anonymous_enable=YES ,改为NO

(2)输入ip地址后默认加载路径

  local_root=/home/ftpuser/

权限问题:

  常见错误:

  ftp上传文件出现553 Could not creat files 严重文件传输错误

  原因:因为上传文件所在文件夹默认只有root用户才有写权限,所以我们还要将写权限赋予给其他用户。

  在目标文件夹下输入chmod -R 777 /home/ftpuser 即可

修改配置文件后重启ftp服务:systemctl restart vsftpd.service

1.3、设置vsftpd开机启动

systemctl enable vsftpd.service

FTP服务器的安装与配置

1.4、启动并查看vsftpd服务状态,systemctl启动服务成功不会有任何提示,绿色的active表示服务正在运行

systemctl start vsftpd.service
systemctl status vsftpd.service

FTP服务器的安装与配置

2、本地验证ftp是否可以正常访问

2.1、安装ftp

yum -y install ftp

2.2、使用anonymous登陆,无需密码

ftp localhost

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220表示服务正常,可以登陆;230表示登陆成功。

2.3、查看FTP服务器文件夹信息

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3、  外部证ftp是否可以正常访问

3.1、关闭防火墙(也可以设置防火墙规则,得再百度了)

systemctl stop firewalld.service

  为防止机器重启后防火墙服务重新开启,可将防火墙服务永久关闭。

systemctl disable firewalld.service

3.2、在window上输入ftp://IP地址,可看到ftp下的目录(pub为系统预设的)上文已给出修改目录方法

aaarticlea/png;base64,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alt="" />

4、文件读写。

到上面为止,我们发现ftp目录下并不能读写文件,这是由文件夹权限和selinux引起的。

4.1、设置文件夹权限,将pub文件夹的权限设置为777

chmod 777 -R /var/ftp/pub

4.1、关闭selinux服务

vi /etc/selinux/config

将SELINUX=enforcing改为:SELINUX=disabled

FTP服务器的安装与配置

4.3、系统重启,让配置生效

shutdown -r now

4.4、上传文件

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至此,ftp完全安装完成,若需为FTP配置用户权限,可自行百度。