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一、本次实验所需器材
1、TPYboard V102板 一块
2、DS3231模块 一块
3、NOKIA 5110 LCD 屏 一块
4、杜邦线：若干
===感谢某宝“萝卜城”提供的TPYboard V102豪华版套餐===
二、DS3231模块
1、什么是DS3231
DS3231是低成本、高精度I2C实时时钟(RTC)，具有集成的温补晶振(TCXO)和晶体。该器件包含电池输入端，断开主电源时仍可保持精确的计时。集成晶振提高了器件的长期精确度，并减少了生产线的元件数量。DS3231提供商用级和工业级温度范围，采用16引脚300mil的SO封装。RTC保存秒、分、时、星期、日期、月和年信息。少于31天的月份，将自动调整月末的日期，包括闰年的修正。时钟的工作格式可以是24小时或带/AM/PM指示的12小时格式。提供两个可设置的日历闹钟和一个可设置的方波输出。地址与数据通过I2C双向总线串行传输。
2、DS3231与TPYBoardv102的连接（IIC连接）
DS3231与TPYBoard V102使用IIC连接方法，使用DS3231的SCL,SDA,VCC,GND四个针脚即可设定读出当前时间，对应如下表：
| DS3231 | TPYboard V102 |
| GND | GND |
| SCL | X9 |
| SDA | X10 |
| VCC | 3.3V |
这里IIC常用命令如下：
》 i2c.deinit()，解除I2C定义
》 i2c.init(mode, *, addr=0x12, baudrate=400000, gencall=False)，初始化
. mode，只能是 I2C.MASTER 或 I2C.SLAVE
.addr，7位I2C地址
.baudrate，时钟频率
.gencall，通用调用模式
》 i2c.is_ready(addr)，检测I2C设备是否响应，只对主模式有效
》 i2c.mem_read(data, addr, memaddr, *, timeout=5000, addr_size=8)，读取数据
.data，整数或者缓存
.addr，设备地址
. memaddr，内存地址
. timeout，读取等待超时时间
.addr_size，memaddr的大小。8位或16位
》 i2c.mem_write(data, addr, memaddr, *, timeout=5000, addr_size=8)，写入数据，参数含义同上
》 i2c.recv(recv, addr=0x00, *, timeout=5000)，从总线读取数据
. recv，需要读取数据数量，或者缓冲区
. addr，I2C地址
. timeout，超时时间
》 i2c.send(send, addr=0x00, *, timeout=5000)
. send，整数或者缓冲区
. addr，I2C地址
. timeout，超时时间
》 i2c.scan()，搜索I2C总线上设备。
三、调试DS3231模块
1、TPYBoard V102的调试
如何能够时时对TPYBoard V102的输出进行调试和查看呢？这里需要用到putty工具。
第一步：将TPYBoard V102与pc通过usb线进行连接，然后通过设备管理器查看其对应的端口号。
![[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE1LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMzgzNTAzLzIwMTcwMS8zODM1MDMtMjAxNzAxMjUxMTAxMzMxMjgtMTM3MzIzMjkxOS5qcGc%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1 "[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟")
第二步：打开putty,如下图进行填写。
![[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE1LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMzgzNTAzLzIwMTcwMS8zODM1MDMtMjAxNzAxMjUxMTAxNDU5NzItMTA2ODc3MTU4MC5qcGc%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1 "[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟")
第三步：点击确定，进入调试窗口，此时屏幕上显示"hello world"，是因为main.py程序做了修改，否则不显示。
#main.py
# main.py -- put your code here!
import pyb
print "hello world！！"
![[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE1LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMzgzNTAzLzIwMTcwMS8zODM1MDMtMjAxNzAxMjUxMTAzMTY1MDMtMjkzNjkzODczLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1 "[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟")
第四步：这时就可以在命令行进行调试，常用的几个组合键如下：
Ctrl + C:终止程序
Ctrl + D:重新运行。
2、连接DS3231进行调试
DS3231的连接方法见上文。
第一步：DS3231时间设定，以设定2017年1月25日为例。在TPYBoard V102里添加DS3231.py文件，修改main.py，具体代码如下：
#DS3231.py
import pyb
from pyb import I2C DS3231_ADDR = const(0x68)
DS3231_REG_SEC = const(0x00)
DS3231_REG_MIN = const(0x01)
DS3231_REG_HOUR = const(0x02)
DS3231_REG_WEEKDAY= const(0x03)
DS3231_REG_DAY = const(0x04)
DS3231_REG_MONTH = const(0x05)
DS3231_REG_YEAR = const(0x06)
DS3231_REG_A1SEC = const(0x07)
DS3231_REG_A1MIN = const(0x08)
DS3231_REG_A1HOUR = const(0x09)
DS3231_REG_A1DAY = const(0x0A)
DS3231_REG_A2MIN = const(0x0B)
DS3231_REG_A2HOUR = const(0x0C)
DS3231_REG_A2DAY = const(0x0D)
DS3231_REG_CTRL = const(0x0E)
DS3231_REG_STA = const(0x0F)
DS3231_REG_OFF = const(0x10)
DS3231_REG_TEMP = const(0x11) class ds3231(object):
def __init__(self, i2c_num):
self.i2c = I2C(i2c_num, I2C.MASTER, baudrate = 100000) def DATE(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
t = []
t.append(self.year())
t.append(self.month())
t.append(self.day())
return t
else:
self.year(dat[0])
self.month(dat[1])
self.day(dat[2]) def TIME(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
t = []
t.append(self.hour())
t.append(self.min())
t.append(self.sec())
return t
else:
self.hour(dat[0])
self.min(dat[1])
self.sec(dat[2]) def DateTime(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
return self.DATE() + self.TIME()
else:
self.year(dat[0])
self.month(dat[1])
self.day(dat[2])
self.hour(dat[3])
self.min(dat[4])
self.sec(dat[5]) def dec2hex(self, dat):
return (int(dat/10)<<4) + (dat%10) def setREG(self, dat, reg):
buf = bytearray(2)
buf[0] = reg
buf[1] = dat
self.i2c.send(buf, DS3231_ADDR) def getREG_DEC(self, reg):
self.i2c.send(reg, DS3231_ADDR)
t = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
return (t>>4)*10 + (t%16) def sec(self, sec=''):
if sec == '':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_SEC)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(sec), DS3231_REG_SEC) def min(self, min=''):
if min == '':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_MIN)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(min), DS3231_REG_MIN) def hour(self, hour=''):
if hour=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_HOUR)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(hour), DS3231_REG_HOUR) def day(self, day=''):
if day=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_DAY)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(day), DS3231_REG_DAY) def month(self, month=''):
if month=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_MONTH)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(month), DS3231_REG_MONTH) def year(self, year=''):
if year=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_YEAR)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(year), DS3231_REG_YEAR) def TEMP(self):
self.i2c.send(DS3231_REG_TEMP, DS3231_ADDR)
t1 = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
self.i2c.send(DS3231_REG_TEMP+1, DS3231_ADDR)
t2 = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
if t1>0x7F:
return t1 - t2/256 -256
else:
return t1 + t2/256
#main.py
# main.py -- put your code here!
from ds3231 import ds3231
ds=ds3231(1)
ds.DATE([17,01,25])
ds.TIME([10,26,30])
while True:
ds.TEMP()
print('Tem:',ds.TEMP())
print('Time:',ds.DateTime())
pyb.delay(1000)
第二步：按一下RST键，此时DS3231的时间已经设定为2017年1月25日，具体见图：
![[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE1LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMzgzNTAzLzIwMTcwMS8zODM1MDMtMjAxNzAxMjUxMTAzNTE2NTktMTc1MjY5MDc2Mi5wbmc%3D.png?w=700&webp=1 "[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟")
四、利用DS3231和5110制作电子时钟
5110的使用方法请见：http://www.cnblogs.com/xiao*/p/6347336.html
1、连接方法
（注意与上面不同，用的是TPYBoard的第二个I2C口）
| TPYboard | 5110LCD | DS3231 |
| GND | GND | |
| X4 | BL | |
| 3.3V | Vcc | |
| X6 | CLK | |
| X8 | DIN | |
| X3 | DC | |
| X2 | CE | |
| X1 | RST | |
| GND | GND | |
| 3.3V | VCC | |
| Y9 | SCL | |
| Y10 | SDA |
2、程序原代码
该程序涉及文件5个，分别为boot.py、main.py、、chinese.py、font.py、DS3231.py、upcd8544.py,具体代码如下：
#boot.py
//转载请注明：@小五义http://www.cnblogs.com/xiao*QQ群：64770604
# boot.py -- run on boot-up
# can run arbitrary Python, but best to keep it minimal import machine
import pyb
pyb.main('main.py') # main script to run after this one
#pyb.usb_mode('CDC+MSC') # act as a serial and a storage device
#pyb.usb_mode('CDC+HID') # act as a serial device and a mouse
#main.py
# main.py -- put your code here!
import pyb
import upcd8544
from machine import SPI,Pin
from DS3231 import DS3231 ds=DS3231(1) #定义DS3231，用DS3231(2)的话就要选择IIC2 # 用于设定时间和日期
def setDateTime(year,month,day,time,minutes,seconds):
ds.DATE([year,month,day])
ds.TIME([time,minutes,seconds]) # 在LCD5110 显示时间或日期，separator 中间的分割符
# x，y 在LCD5110 显示的位置
def showTimeOrDate(why,x,y,separator=':'):
# [HH,MM,SS] >> HH:MM:SS
why = why.replace('[','')
why = why.replace(']','')
why = why.replace(',',separator)
print(why)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_string(why,x,y) def main():
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese('萝',14,0)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese('卜',30,0)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese('智',46,0)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese('能',62,0)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_string('TEM:',14,2)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_string(str(ds.TEMP()),44,2)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese("当",14,3)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese("前",30,3)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese("时",46,3)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese("间",62,3)
showTimeOrDate(str(ds.TIME()),14,5)
print(str(ds.TIME()))
pyb.delay(1000) if __name__ == '__main__':
#setDateTime(2016,12,27,13,17,00)#设置时间
ds.DATE()
SPI = pyb.SPI(1) #DIN=>X8-MOSI/CLK=>X6-SCK
#DIN =>SPI(1).MOSI 'X8' data flow (Master out, Slave in)
#CLK =>SPI(1).SCK 'X6' SPI clock
RST = pyb.Pin('X1')
CE = pyb.Pin('X2')
DC = pyb.Pin('X3')
LIGHT = pyb.Pin('X4')
lcd_5110 = upcd8544.PCD8544(SPI, RST, CE, DC, LIGHT)
while(1):
main()
#font.py
//转载请注明：@小五义http://www.cnblogs.com/xiao*QQ群：64770604
class FONT6_8:
"""docstring for FONT6_8"""
FONTTYPE6_8 = [
[0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00] # 20
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x5f, 0x00, 0x00] # 21 !
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00] # 22 "
,[0x00, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14] # 23 #
,[0x00, 0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12] # 24 $
,[0x00, 0x23, 0x13, 0x08, 0x64, 0x62] # 25 %
,[0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50] # 26 &
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00] # 27 '
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00] # 28 (
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00] # 29 )
,[0x00, 0x14, 0x08, 0x3e, 0x08, 0x14] # 2a *
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x3e, 0x08, 0x08] # 2b +
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x50, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00] # 2c ,
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08] # 2d -
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00] # 2e .
,[0x00, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02] # 2f /
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3e] # 30 0
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x00] # 31 1
,[0x00, 0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46] # 32 2
,[0x00, 0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4b, 0x31] # 33 3
,[0x00, 0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7f, 0x10] # 34 4
,[0x00, 0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39] # 35 5
,[0x00, 0x3c, 0x4a, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30] # 36 6
,[0x00, 0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03] # 37 7
,[0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36] # 38 8
,[0x00, 0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1e] # 39 9
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00] # 3a :
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00] # 3b ;
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00] # 3c <
,[0x00, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14] # 3d =
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08] # 3e >
,[0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06] # 3f ?
,[0x00, 0x32, 0x49, 0x79, 0x41, 0x3e] # 40 @
,[0x00, 0x7e, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x7e] # 41 A
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36] # 42 B
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22] # 43 C
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c] # 44 D
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41] # 45 E
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01] # 46 F
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7a] # 47 G
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7f] # 48 H
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x00] # 49 I
,[0x00, 0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3f, 0x01] # 4a J
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41] # 4b K
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40] # 4c L
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x02, 0x7f] # 4d M
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7f] # 4e N
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3e] # 4f O
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06] # 50 P
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5e] # 51 Q
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46] # 52 R
,[0x00, 0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31] # 53 S
,[0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7f, 0x01, 0x01] # 54 T
,[0x00, 0x3f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3f] # 55 U
,[0x00, 0x1f, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1f] # 56 V
,[0x00, 0x3f, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3f] # 57 W
,[0x00, 0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63] # 58 X
,[0x00, 0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07] # 59 Y
,[0x00, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43] # 5a Z
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00] # 5b [
,[0x00, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20] # 5c \ #
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x00] # 5d ]
,[0x00, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04] # 5e ^
,[0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40] # 5f _
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00] # 60 `
,[0x00, 0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78] # 61 a
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38] # 62 b
,[0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20] # 63 c
,[0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7f] # 64 d
,[0x00, 0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18] # 65 e
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x7e, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02] # 66 f
,[0x00, 0x0c, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x3e] # 67 g
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78] # 68 h
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x44, 0x7d, 0x40, 0x00] # 69 i
,[0x00, 0x20, 0x40, 0x44, 0x3d, 0x00] # 6a j
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00] # 6b k
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x00] # 6c l
,[0x00, 0x7c, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78] # 6d m
,[0x00, 0x7c, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78] # 6e n
,[0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38] # 6f o
,[0x00, 0x7c, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x08] # 70 p
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x14, 0x18, 0x7c] # 71 q
,[0x00, 0x7c, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08] # 72 r
,[0x00, 0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20] # 73 s
,[0x00, 0x04, 0x3f, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20] # 74 t
,[0x00, 0x3c, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7c] # 75 u
,[0x00, 0x1c, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1c] # 76 v
,[0x00, 0x3c, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3c] # 77 w
,[0x00, 0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44] # 78 x
,[0x00, 0x0c, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x3c] # 79 y
,[0x00, 0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4c, 0x44] # 7a z
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x08, 0x36, 0x41, 0x00] # 7b [
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00] # 7c |
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x36, 0x08, 0x00] # 7d ]
,[0x00, 0x10, 0x08, 0x08, 0x10, 0x08] # 7e ~
,[0x00, 0x78, 0x46, 0x41, 0x46, 0x78] # 7f (delete)
] def get_font6_8(self, data):
return self.FONTTYPE6_8[bytearray(data)[0] - 0x20]
#chinese.py
class CN_UTF8:
"""docstring for CN_UTF8"""
#key:values
#key: 使用汉字的UTF-8码
#values: 16*16
# [0] 8*16 上半部分
# [1] 8*16 下半部分
UTF8_CHINESE = {
0xe6aca2:[
[0x04,0x24,0x44,0x84,0x64,0x9C,0x40,0x30,0x0F,0xC8,0x08,0x08,0x28,0x18,0x00,0x00],
[0x10,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x82,0x4C,0x20,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x06,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00]
],#欢
0xe8bf8e:[
[0x40,0x40,0x42,0xCC,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x02,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0x40,0x20,0x1F,0x20,0x40,0x4F,0x44,0x42,0x40,0x7F,0x42,0x44,0x43,0x40,0x00]
],#迎
0xe4bdbf:[
[0x80,0x60,0xF8,0x07,0x04,0xE4,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xFF,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xE4,0x04,0x00],
[0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x80,0x81,0x45,0x29,0x11,0x2F,0x41,0x41,0x81,0x81,0x80,0x00]
],#使
0xe794a8:[
[0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xFE,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00],
[0x80,0x60,0x1F,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x7F,0x02,0x02,0x42,0x82,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00]
],#用
0xe78eb0:[
[0x04,0x84,0x84,0xFC,0x84,0x84,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0xF2,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00],
[0x20,0x60,0x20,0x1F,0x10,0x90,0x40,0x23,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x7E,0x80,0x83,0xE0,0x00]
],#现
0xe59ca8:[
[0x08,0x08,0x88,0xC8,0x38,0x0C,0x0B,0x08,0x08,0xE8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00],
[0x02,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0x40,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x7F,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x40,0x00]
],#在
0xe697b6:[
[0x00,0xFC,0x84,0x84,0x84,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0x10,0x10,0x00],
[0x00,0x3F,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00]
],#时
0xe997b4:[
[0x00,0xF8,0x01,0x06,0x00,0xF0,0x12,0x12,0x12,0xF2,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x1F,0x00,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00]
], #间
0xe68891:[
[0x20,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xFE,0x23,0x22,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x20,0x22,0x2C,0xA0,0x20,0x00],
[0x00,0x08,0x48,0x84,0x7F,0x02,0x41,0x40,0x20,0x13,0x0C,0x14,0x22,0x41,0xF8,0x00]
], #我
0xe8909d:[
[0x02,0x02,0xF2,0x92,0x97,0xF2,0x92,0x92,0x92,0xF2,0x97,0x92,0xF2,0x02,0x02,0x00],
[0x00,0x80,0x88,0x88,0x44,0x4A,0x53,0x22,0x22,0x12,0x0A,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00]
], #萝
0xe58d9c:[
[0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00]
], #卜
0xe699ba:[
[0x10,0x94,0x53,0x32,0x1E,0x32,0x52,0x10,0x00,0x7E,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x7E,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00]
], #智
0xe883bd:[
[0x08,0xCC,0x4A,0x49,0x48,0x4A,0xCC,0x18,0x00,0x7F,0x88,0x88,0x84,0x82,0xE0,0x00],
[0x00,0xFF,0x12,0x12,0x52,0x92,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x7E,0x88,0x88,0x84,0x82,0xE0,0x00]
],#能
0xe682a8:[
[0x20,0x10,0x08,0xFC,0x23,0x10,0x88,0x67,0x04,0xF4,0x04,0x24,0x54,0x8C,0x00,0x00],
[0x40,0x30,0x00,0x77,0x80,0x81,0x88,0xB2,0x84,0x83,0x80,0xE0,0x00,0x11,0x60,0x00]
],#您
0xe5bd93:[
[0x00,0x40,0x42,0x44,0x58,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x50,0x48,0xC6,0x00,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0x40,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00]
],#当
0xE5898D:[
[0x08,0x08,0xE8,0x29,0x2E,0x28,0xE8,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x0C,0x0B,0xE8,0x08,0x08,0x00],
[0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x09,0x49,0x89,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00]
]#前 }
#key 汉字的UTF-8码
#isBottom 确定这次是获取 某个字的 上半部分（0） 还是下半部分（1）
def get_chinese_utf8(self, key,isBottom = 0):
values = self.UTF8_CHINESE[key]
return values[isBottom]
#upcd8544.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
MicroPython PCD8544 driver
(for Nokia 5110 displays)
""" try:
import pyb as machine
except:
# WiPy
import machine import sys
import struct
import time
import font
import chinese class PCD8544:
ADDRESSING_HORIZ = 0x00
ADDRESSING_VERT = 0x02
INSTR_BASIC = 0x00
INSTR_EXT = 0x01
POWER_UP = 0x00
POWER_DOWN = 0x04
DISPLAY_BLANK = 0x08
DISPLAY_ALL = 0x09
DISPLAY_NORMAL = 0x0c
DISPLAY_INVERSE = 0x0d
TEMP_COEFF_0 = 0x04
TEMP_COEFF_1 = 0x05
TEMP_COEFF_2 = 0x06
TEMP_COEFF_3 = 0x07
BIAS_1_4 = 0x17 # 1/4th
BIAS_1_5 = 0x16 # 1/5th
BIAS_1_6 = 0x15 # 1/6th
BIAS_1_7 = 0x14 # 1/7th
BIAS_1_8 = 0x13 # 1/8th
BIAS_1_9 = 0x12 # 1/9th
BIAS_1_10 = 0x11 # 1/10th
BIAS_1_11 = 0x10 # 1/11th def __init__(self, spi, rst, ce, dc, light, pwr=None):
self.width = 84
self.height = 48
self.power = self.POWER_DOWN
self.addressing = self.ADDRESSING_HORIZ
self.instr = self.INSTR_BASIC
self.display_mode = self.DISPLAY_BLANK
self.temp_coeff = self.TEMP_COEFF_0
self.bias = self.BIAS_1_11
self.voltage = 3060 # init the SPI bus and pins
spi.init(spi.MASTER, baudrate=328125, bits=8, polarity=0, phase=1, firstbit=spi.MSB)
if "OUT_PP" in dir(rst):
# pyBoard style
rst.init(rst.OUT_PP, rst.PULL_NONE) # Reset line
ce.init(ce.OUT_PP, ce.PULL_NONE) # Chip Enable
dc.init(dc.OUT_PP, dc.PULL_NONE) # Data(1) / Command(0) mode
light.init(light.OUT_PP, light.PULL_NONE)
if pwr:
pwr.init(pwr.OUT_PP, pwr.PULL_NONE)
else:
# WiPy style
rst.init(rst.OUT, None)
ce.init(ce.OUT, None)
dc.init(dc.OUT, None)
light.init(light.OUT, None)
if pwr:
pwr.init(pwr.OUT, None) self.spi = spi
self.rst = rst
self.ce = ce
self.dc = dc
self.light = light
self.pwr = pwr self.light_off()
self.power_on()
self.ce.value(1) # set chip to disable (don't listen to input)
self.reset()
self.set_contrast(0xbf)
self.clear()
self.lcd_font = font.FONT6_8()
self.chinese = chinese.CN_UTF8() def _set_function(self):
""" Write current power/addressing/instructionset values to lcd. """
value = 0x20 | self.power | self.addressing | self.instr
self.command([value]) def set_power(self, power, set=True):
""" Sets the power mode of the LCD controller """
assert power in [self.POWER_UP, self.POWER_DOWN], "Power must be POWER_UP or POWER_DOWN."
self.power = power
if set:
self._set_function() def set_adressing(self, addr, set=True):
""" Sets the adressing mode """
assert addr in [self.ADDRESSING_HORIZ, self.ADDRESSING_VERT], "Addressing must be ADDRESSING_HORIZ or ADDRESSING_VERT."
self.addressing = addr
if set:
self._set_function() def set_instr(self, instr, set=True):
""" Sets instruction set (basic/extended) """
assert instr in [self.INSTR_BASIC, self.INSTR_EXT], "Instr must be INSTR_BASIC or INSTR_EXT."
self.instr = instr
if set:
self._set_function() def set_display(self, display_mode):
""" Sets display mode (blank, black, normal, inverse) """
assert display_mode in [self.DISPLAY_BLANK, self.DISPLAY_ALL, self.DISPLAY_NORMAL, self.DISPLAY_INVERSE], "Mode must be one of DISPLAY_BLANK, DISPLAY_ALL, DISPLAY_NORMAL or DISPLAY_INVERSE."
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_BASIC, "Please switch to basic instruction set first."
self.display_mode = display_mode
self.command([display_mode]) def set_temp_coeff(self, temp_coeff):
""" Sets temperature coefficient (0-3) """
assert 4 <= temp_coeff < 8, "Temperature coefficient must be one of TEMP_COEFF_0..TEMP_COEFF_3."
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_EXT, "Please switch to extended instruction set first."
self.temp_coeff = temp_coeff
self.command([temp_coeff]) def set_bias(self, bias):
""" Sets the LCD bias. """
assert 0x10 <= bias <= 0x17, "Bias must be one of BIAS_1_4..BIAS_1_11."
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_EXT, "Please switch to extended instruction set first."
self.bias = bias
self.command([bias]) def set_voltage(self, millivolts):
""" Sets the voltage of the LCD charge pump in millivolts. """
assert 3060 <= millivolts <= 10680, "Voltage must be between 3,060 and 10,680 mV."
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_EXT, "Please switch to extended instruction set first."
self.voltage = millivolts
basevoltage = millivolts - 3060
incrementor = basevoltage // 60
code = 0x80 & incrementor
self.command([code]) def set_contrast(self, value):
""" set LCD voltage, i.e. contrast """
assert 0x80 <= value <= 0xff, "contrast value must be between 0x80 and 0xff"
self.command([0x21, self.TEMP_COEFF_2, self.BIAS_1_7, value, 0x20, self.DISPLAY_NORMAL])
# 0x21 - enter extended instruction set (H=1)
# 0x06 - set temperature coefficient 2
# 0x14 - set BIAS system to n=3 (recomm. mux rate 1:40/1:34)
# value - (80-ff) - set Vop (80 = 3.00V, ff = 10.68V), 8b seems to work (0x3b/d70: 3.00+(70*0.06)=7.2V)
# 0x20 - back to basic instruction set
# 0x0c - normal display mode def position(self, x, y):
""" set cursor to bank y, column x """
assert 0 <= x < self.width, "x must be between 0 and 83"
assert 0 <= y < self.height // 8, "y must be between 0 and 5"
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_BASIC, "Please switch to basic instruction set first."
self.command([x + 0x80, y + 0x40]) def clear(self):
""" clear screen """
self.position(0, 0)
self.data([0] * (self.height * self.width // 8))
self.position(0, 0) def sleep_ms(self, mseconds):
try:
time.sleep_ms(mseconds)
except AttributeError:
machine.delay(mseconds) def sleep_us(self, useconds):
try:
time.sleep_us(useconds)
except AttributeError:
machine.udelay(useconds) def power_on(self):
if self.pwr:
self.pwr.value(1)
self.reset() def reset(self):
""" issue reset impulse to reset the display """
self.rst.value(0) # RST on
self.sleep_us(100) # reset impulse has to be >100 ns and <100 ms
self.rst.value(1) # RST off
# Defaults after reset:
self.power = self.POWER_DOWN
self.addressing = self.ADDRESSING_HORIZ
self.instr = self.INSTR_BASIC
self.display_mode = self.DISPLAY_BLANK
self.temp_coeff = self.TEMP_COEFF_0
self.bias = self.BIAS_1_11
self.voltage = 3060 def power_off(self):
self.clear()
self.command([0x20, 0x08])
# 0x20 - basic instruction set
# 0x08 - set display to blank (doesn't delete contents)
self.sleep_ms(10)
if self.pwr:
self.pwr.value(0) # turn off power def command(self, arr):
""" send bytes in command mode """
self.bitmap(arr, 0) def data(self, arr):
""" send bytes in data mode """
self.bitmap(arr, 1) def bitmap(self, arr, dc):
self.dc.value(dc)
buf = struct.pack('B'*len(arr), *arr)
self.ce.value(0) # set chip to listening/enable
try:
self.spi.send(buf)
except AttributeError:
self.spi.write(buf)
self.ce.value(1) # set chip to disable def light_on(self):
self.light.value(0) # pull to GND def light_off(self):
self.light.value(1) # set to HIGH def lcd_write_string(self, string, x, y):
self.position(x,y)
for i in string:
self.data(self.lcd_font.get_font6_8(i)) def lcd_write_chineses(str,x,y,space = 9):
# i,j=0,0
# lsLen = len(str)
# while (j<lsLen)
# self.lcd_write_chinese(str[j],x+(i*space),y)
# i+=1
# j+=1
return 0 def lcd_write_chinese(self,data,x,y):
#获取 字 的UTF8码
code = 0x00 #赋初值
data_code = data.encode("UTF-8")
code |= data_code[0]<<16
code |= data_code[1]<<8
code |= data_code[2]
#获取 字 的UTF8码 END
self.position(x,y)
self.data(self.chinese.get_chinese_utf8(code,0))
self.position(x,y+1)
self.data(self.chinese.get_chinese_utf8(code,1))
#DS3231.py
import pyb
from pyb import I2C
DS3231_ADDR = const(0x68)
DS3231_REG_SEC = const(0x00)
DS3231_REG_MIN = const(0x01)
DS3231_REG_HOUR = const(0x02)
DS3231_REG_WEEKDAY= const(0x03)
DS3231_REG_DAY = const(0x04)
DS3231_REG_MONTH = const(0x05)
DS3231_REG_YEAR = const(0x06)
DS3231_REG_A1SEC = const(0x07)
DS3231_REG_A1MIN = const(0x08)
DS3231_REG_A1HOUR = const(0x09)
DS3231_REG_A1DAY = const(0x0A)
DS3231_REG_A2MIN = const(0x0B)
DS3231_REG_A2HOUR = const(0x0C)
DS3231_REG_A2DAY = const(0x0D)
DS3231_REG_CTRL = const(0x0E)
DS3231_REG_STA = const(0x0F)
DS3231_REG_OFF = const(0x10)
DS3231_REG_TEMP = const(0x11) class DS3231(object):
def __init__(self, i2c_num):
self.i2c = I2C(i2c_num, I2C.MASTER, baudrate = 100000) def DATE(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
t = []
t.append(self.year())
t.append(self.month())
t.append(self.day())
return t
else:
self.year(dat[0])
self.month(dat[1])
self.day(dat[2]) def TIME(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
t = []
t.append(self.hour())
t.append(self.min())
t.append(self.sec())
# t = ""
# t+=self.hour()+":"
# t+=self.min()+":"
# t+=self.sec()
return t
else:
self.hour(dat[0])
self.min(dat[1])
self.sec(dat[2]) def DateTime(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
return self.DATE() + self.TIME()
else:
self.year(dat[0])
self.month(dat[1])
self.day(dat[2])
self.hour(dat[3])
self.min(dat[4])
self.sec(dat[5]) def dec2hex(self, dat):
return (int(dat/10)<<4) + (dat%10) def setREG(self, dat, reg):
buf = bytearray(2)
buf[0] = reg
buf[1] = dat
self.i2c.send(buf, DS3231_ADDR) def getREG_DEC(self, reg):
self.i2c.send(reg, DS3231_ADDR)
t = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
return (t>>4)*10 + (t%16) def sec(self, sec=''):
if sec == '':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_SEC)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(sec), DS3231_REG_SEC) def min(self, min=''):
if min == '':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_MIN)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(min), DS3231_REG_MIN) def hour(self, hour=''):
if hour=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_HOUR)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(hour), DS3231_REG_HOUR) def day(self, day=''):
if day=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_DAY)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(day), DS3231_REG_DAY) def month(self, month=''):
if month=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_MONTH)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(month), DS3231_REG_MONTH) def year(self, year=''):
if year=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_YEAR)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(year), DS3231_REG_YEAR) def TEMP(self):
self.i2c.send(DS3231_REG_TEMP, DS3231_ADDR)
t1 = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
self.i2c.send(DS3231_REG_TEMP+1, DS3231_ADDR)
t2 = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
if t1>0x7F:
return t1 - t2/256 -256
else:
return t1 + t2/256
五、实现效果
![[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE1LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMzgzNTAzLzIwMTcwMS8zODM1MDMtMjAxNzAxMjUxMTA0NDg3MjItMTA2MDgxODY4Mi5qcGc%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1 "[TPYBoard-Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟")
原程序及putty工具下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bLUhaQ