1. 拷贝文件夹
from shutil import copytree, ignore_patterns
copytree(source, destination, ignore=ignore_patterns('*.pyc', 'tmp*'))
注：shutil.copytree实现
def copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None):
names = os.listdir(src)
if ignore is not None:
ignored_names = ignore(src, names)
else:
ignored_names = set()
os.makedirs(dst)
errors = []
for name in names:
if name in ignored_names:
continue
srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
dstname = os.path.join(dst, name)
try:
if symlinks and os.path.islink(srcname):
linkto = os.readlink(srcname)
os.symlink(linkto, dstname)
elif os.path.isdir(srcname):
copytree(srcname, dstname, symlinks, ignore)
else:
copy2(srcname, dstname)
# XXX What about devices, sockets etc.?
except (IOError, os.error) as why:
errors.append((srcname, dstname, str(why)))
# catch the Error from the recursive copytree so that we can
# continue with other files
except Error as err:
errors.extend(err.args[0])
try:
copystat(src, dst)
except WindowsError:
# can't copy file access times on Windows
pass
except OSError as why:
errors.extend((src, dst, str(why)))
if errors:
raise Error(errors)
2. 删除文件夹
#! /usr/bash/python
# encoding:utf-8
import os
import os.path
import stat
import shutil
class DelDir:
''' 删除指定根目录下特定文件夹 '''
def __init__(self, root, dirname):
self.root = root
self.dirname = dirname
def run(self):
for r, dirs, files in os.walk(self.root):
if self.dirname in dirs:
srcDir = os.path.join(r, self.dirname)
#更改权限（win7会出现权限问题）
os.chmod(srcDir, stat.S_IREAD | stat.S_IWRITE)
result = shutil.rmtree(srcDir, False, self.__handler)
print "%s" %(srcDir)
def __handler(self, function, path, excinfo):
''' 删除出错处理 '''
#更改权限（win7会出现权限问题）
os.chmod(path, stat.S_IREAD | stat.S_IWRITE)
function(path)
print "[Handler] ==> Path:%s \n\tHandler the Error: %s" %(path, excinfo)
if __name__ == '__main__':
rootdir = r"E:\workspace\minioffice\mini-core\src\main\webapp" # 需要处理的文件夹
rootdir = unicode(rootdir, "utf8")
dirname = ".svn" # 删除的文件夹
c = DelDir(rootdir, dirname)
c.run()
Python实现文件夹递归拷贝
目标：1.多层文件夹嵌套，在要备份的文件夹中嵌套多个文件夹2.增量备份，因为文件较多，且之前已有部分备份，所以只需对新增的文件进行备份，提升效率 Python安装：1.下载安装包，http://www.python.org/getit/，可以选择Python2或3，2的兼容性更好2.添加Python安装目录如D:\Program\Python到环境变量Path中 编写脚本：Python中自身有文件夹拷贝的API，但有诸多限制，不能满足需求，所以自己实现要点有两个：1.递归拷贝，因为有多层嵌套文件夹，所以用递归实现2.错误处理，要考虑文件夹不存在的情况 脚本如下：############################################################################ -*- coding: GBK -*-# 文件自动备份脚本# 作者：阿凡提import osimport shutil# 设置待备份的源文件夹及存放备份文件的目标文件夹srcDir = "f:\\src"dstDir = "f:\\dst"# 目录递归拷贝函数def dir_copyTree(src, dst): names = os.listdir(src) # 目标文件夹不存在，则新建 if not os.path.exists(dst): os.mkdir(dst) # 遍历源文件夹中的文件与文件夹 for name in names: srcname = os.path.join(src, name) dstname = os.path.join(dst, name) try: # 是文件夹则递归调用本拷贝函数，否则直接拷贝文件 if os.path.isdir(srcname): dir_copyTree(srcname, dstname) else: if (not os.path.exists(dstname) or ((os.path.exists(dstname)) and (os.path.getsize(dstname) != os.path.getsize(srcname)))): print dstname shutil.copy2(srcname, dst) except: error.traceback(); raise# 备份函数def dir_backup(): global srcDir global dstDir print "源文件夹" + srcDir print "目标文件夹" + dstDir print "本次拷贝文件：" dir_copyTree(srcDir, dstDir) # 将此句注释则会一闪而过，方便自动备份 raw_input ("备份完成")# 执行备份函数dir_backup()########################################################################### 结合Windows的任务计划程序定时运行此脚本，即可实现自动备份的目的。
python 文件夹复制加强版
shutil模块主要用于文件夹的操作。其中copytree用来对文件夹进行复制，但是比较遗憾的是，如果目标文件已经存在的话，该函数就会报错抛异常了，非常地不给力。求人不如求已，看到帮助文档中有此方法的源码，就修改了一下，使其默认可以支持文件和文件夹的覆盖。
import os
import os.path
import shutil
def copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False):
names = os.listdir(src)
if not os.path.isdir(dst):
os.makedirs(dst)
errors = []
for name in names:
srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
dstname = os.path.join(dst, name)
try:
if symlinks and os.path.islink(srcname):
linkto = os.readlink(srcname)
os.symlink(linkto, dstname)
elif os.path.isdir(srcname):
copytree(srcname, dstname, symlinks)
else:
if os.path.isdir(dstname):
os.rmdir(dstname)
elif os.path.isfile(dstname):
os.remove(dstname)
shutil.copy2(srcname, dstname)
# XXX What about devices, sockets etc.?
except (IOError, os.error) as why:
errors.append((srcname, dstname, str(why)))
# catch the Error from the recursive copytree so that we can
# continue with other files
except OSError as err:
errors.extend(err.args[0])
try:
copystat(src, dst)
except WindowsError:
# can't copy file access times on Windows
pass
except OSError as why:
errors.extend((src, dst, str(why)))
if errors:
raise Error(errors)
if __name__ == '__main__':
copytree('E:/book', 'E:/newbook')