BZOJ5461 PKUWC2018Minimax(概率期望+线段树合并+动态规划)

时间:2024-12-13 10:06:56

  离散化后,容易想到设f[i][j]为i节点权值为j的概率,不妨设j权值在左子树,则有f[i][j]=f[lson][j](pi·f[rson][1~j]+(1-pi)·f[rson][j~m])。

  考虑用线段树合并优化这个dp。记录前缀和,合并某节点时,若某棵线段树在该节点处为空,给另一棵线段树打上乘法标记即可。注意前缀和不要算成合并后的了。

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
#define ll long long
#define N 300010
#define P 998244353
char getc(){char c=getchar();while ((c<'A'||c>'Z')&&(c<'a'||c>'z')&&(c<''||c>'')) c=getchar();return c;}
int gcd(int n,int m){return m==?n:gcd(m,n%m);}
int read()
{
int x=,f=;char c=getchar();
while (c<''||c>'') {if (c=='-') f=-;c=getchar();}
while (c>=''&&c<='') x=(x<<)+(x<<)+(c^),c=getchar();
return x*f;
}
int n,m,p[N],a[N],b[N],fa[N],root[N],t,ans,cnt;
struct data{int to,nxt;
}edge[N];
void addedge(int x,int y){t++;edge[t].to=y,edge[t].nxt=p[x],p[x]=t;}
struct data2{int l,r,x,lazy;
}tree[N<<];
void ins(int &k,int l,int r,int x)
{
if (!k) k=++cnt;tree[k].x=;
if (l==r) return;
int mid=l+r>>;
if (x<=mid) ins(tree[k].l,l,mid,x);
else ins(tree[k].r,mid+,r,x);
}
void update(int k,int x)
{
if (!k) return;
tree[k].x=1ll*tree[k].x*x%P;
if (tree[k].lazy) tree[k].lazy=1ll*tree[k].lazy*x%P;
else tree[k].lazy=x;
}
void down(int k){update(tree[k].l,tree[k].lazy),update(tree[k].r,tree[k].lazy),tree[k].lazy=;}
int query(int k,int l,int r,int x)
{
if (!k) return ;
if (l==r) return tree[k].x;
if (tree[k].lazy) down(k);
int mid=l+r>>;
if (x<=mid) return query(tree[k].l,l,mid,x);
else return query(tree[k].r,mid+,r,x);
}
int merge(int x,int y,int l,int r,int s0,int s1,int p)
{
if (tree[x].lazy) down(x);
if (tree[y].lazy) down(y);
if (!x||!y)
{
if (!x) x=y,swap(s0,s1);
update(x,(1ll*p*s1+1ll*(P+-p)*(P+-s1))%P);
return x;
}
if (l<r)
{
int mid=l+r>>;
tree[x].r=merge(tree[x].r,tree[y].r,mid+,r,(s0+tree[tree[x].l].x)%P,(s1+tree[tree[y].l].x)%P,p);
tree[x].l=merge(tree[x].l,tree[y].l,l,mid,s0,s1,p),
tree[x].x=(tree[tree[x].l].x+tree[tree[x].r].x)%P;
}
return x;
}
void dfs(int k)
{
int s=;
for (int i=p[k];i;i=edge[i].nxt)
dfs(edge[i].to),s++;
if (s==) ins(root[k],,m,a[k]);
else if (s==) root[k]=root[edge[p[k]].to];
else root[k]=merge(root[edge[p[k]].to],root[edge[edge[p[k]].nxt].to],,m,,,a[k]);
}
int main()
{
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("bzoj5461.in","r",stdin);
freopen("bzoj5461.out","w",stdout);
const char LL[]="%I64d\n";
#else
const char LL[]="%lld\n";
#endif
n=read();
for (int i=;i<=n;i++)
{
int x=read();
fa[i]=x,addedge(x,i);
}
for (int i=;i<=n;i++)
{
a[i]=read();
if (p[i]) a[i]=1ll*a[i]*%P;
else b[++m]=a[i];
}
sort(b+,b+m+);
for (int i=;i<=n;i++) if (!p[i]) a[i]=lower_bound(b+,b+m+,a[i])-b;
dfs();
for (int i=;i<=m;i++)
{
int x=query(root[],,m,i);
ans=(ans+1ll*i*b[i]%P*x%P*x)%P;
}
cout<<ans;
return ;
}