搜索方面的东西,需要了解网络爬虫方面的知识
首先介绍每个类的功能:
DownloadPage.java的功能是下载此超链接的页面源代码.
FunctionUtils.java 的功能是提供不同的静态方法,包括:页面链接正则表达式匹配,获取URL链接的元素,判断是否创建文件,获取页面的Url并将其转换为规范的Url,截取网页网页源文件的目标内容。
HrefOfPage.java 的功能是获取页面源代码的超链接。
UrlDataHanding.java 的功能是整合各个给类,实现url到获取数据到数据处理类。
UrlQueue.java 的未访问Url队列。
VisitedUrlQueue.java 已访问过的URL队列。
下面介绍一下每个类的源代码:
DownloadPage.java 此类要用到HttpClient组件。
- View Code
- package com.sreach.spider;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
- import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
- import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
- import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
- import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
- import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
- import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
- public class DownloadPage
- {
- /**
- * 根据URL抓取网页内容
- *
- * @param url
- * @return
- */
- public static String getContentFormUrl(String url)
- {
- /* 实例化一个HttpClient客户端 */
- HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
- HttpGet getHttp = new HttpGet(url);
- String content = null;
- HttpResponse response;
- try
- {
- /*获得信息载体*/
- response = client.execute(getHttp);
- HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
- VisitedUrlQueue.addElem(url);
- if (entity != null)
- {
- /* 转化为文本信息 */
- content = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
- /* 判断是否符合下载网页源代码到本地的条件 */
- if (FunctionUtils.isCreateFile(url)
- && FunctionUtils.isHasGoalContent(content) != -1)
- {
- FunctionUtils.createFile(FunctionUtils
- .getGoalContent(content), url);
- }
- }
- } catch (ClientProtocolException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally
- {
- client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
- }
- return content;
- }
- }
FunctionUtils.java 此类的方法均为static方法
- View Code
- package com.sreach.spider;
- import java.io.BufferedWriter;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
- import java.util.regex.Matcher;
- import java.util.regex.Pattern;
- public class FunctionUtils
- {
- /**
- * 匹配超链接的正则表达式
- */
- private static String pat = "http://www\\.oschina\\.net/code/explore/.*/\\w+\\.[a-zA-Z]+";
- private static Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(pat);
- private static BufferedWriter writer = null;
- /**
- * 爬虫搜索深度
- */
- public static int depth = 0;
- /**
- * 以"/"来分割URL,获得超链接的元素
- *
- * @param url
- * @return
- */
- public static String[] divUrl(String url)
- {
- return url.split("/");
- }
- /**
- * 判断是否创建文件
- *
- * @param url
- * @return
- */
- public static boolean isCreateFile(String url)
- {
- Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(url);
- return matcher.matches();
- }
- /**
- * 创建对应文件
- *
- * @param content
- * @param urlPath
- */
- public static void createFile(String content, String urlPath)
- {
- /* 分割url */
- String[] elems = divUrl(urlPath);
- StringBuffer path = new StringBuffer();
- File file = null;
- for (int i = 1; i < elems.length; i++)
- {
- if (i != elems.length - 1)
- {
- path.append(elems[i]);
- path.append(File.separator);
- file = new File("D:" + File.separator + path.toString());
- }
- if (i == elems.length - 1)
- {
- Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\w+\\.[a-zA-Z]+");
- Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(elems[i]);
- if ((matcher.matches()))
- {
- if (!file.exists())
- {
- file.mkdirs();
- }
- String[] fileName = elems[i].split("\\.");
- file = new File("D:" + File.separator + path.toString()
- + File.separator + fileName[0] + ".txt");
- try
- {
- file.createNewFile();
- writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
- new FileOutputStream(file)));
- writer.write(content);
- writer.flush();
- writer.close();
- System.out.println("创建文件成功");
- } catch (IOException e)
- {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 获取页面的超链接并将其转换为正式的A标签
- *
- * @param href
- * @return
- */
- public static String getHrefOfInOut(String href)
- {
- /* 内外部链接最终转化为完整的链接格式 */
- String resultHref = null;
- /* 判断是否为外部链接 */
- if (href.startsWith("http://"))
- {
- resultHref = href;
- } else
- {
- /* 如果是内部链接,则补充完整的链接地址,其他的格式忽略不处理,如:a href="#" */
- if (href.startsWith("/"))
- {
- resultHref = "http://www.oschina.net" + href;
- }
- }
- return resultHref;
- }
- /**
- * 截取网页网页源文件的目标内容
- *
- * @param content
- * @return
- */
- public static String getGoalContent(String content)
- {
- int sign = content.indexOf("<pre class=\"");
- String signContent = content.substring(sign);
- int start = signContent.indexOf(">");
- int end = signContent.indexOf("</pre>");
- return signContent.substring(start + 1, end);
- }
- /**
- * 检查网页源文件中是否有目标文件
- *
- * @param content
- * @return
- */
- public static int isHasGoalContent(String content)
- {
- return content.indexOf("<pre class=\"");
- }
- }
HrefOfPage.java 此类为获取页面的超链接
- View Code
- package com.sreach.spider;
- public class HrefOfPage
- {
- /**
- * 获得页面源代码中超链接
- */
- public static void getHrefOfContent(String content)
- {
- System.out.println("开始");
- String[] contents = content.split("<a href=\"");
- for (int i = 1; i < contents.length; i++)
- {
- int endHref = contents[i].indexOf("\"");
- String aHref = FunctionUtils.getHrefOfInOut(contents[i].substring(
- , endHref));
- if (aHref != null)
- {
- String href = FunctionUtils.getHrefOfInOut(aHref);
- if (!UrlQueue.isContains(href)
- && href.indexOf("/code/explore") != -1
- && !VisitedUrlQueue.isContains(href))
- {
- UrlQueue.addElem(href);
- }
- }
- }
- System.out.println(UrlQueue.size() + "--抓取到的连接数");
- System.out.println(VisitedUrlQueue.size() + "--已处理的页面数");
- }
- }
UrlDataHanding.java 此类主要是从未访问队列中获取url,下载页面,分析url,保存已访问url等操作,实现Runnable接口
- View Code
- package com.sreach.spider;
- public class UrlDataHanding implements Runnable
- {
- /**
- * 下载对应页面并分析出页面对应的URL放在未访问队列中。
- * @param url
- */
- public void dataHanding(String url)
- {
- HrefOfPage.getHrefOfContent(DownloadPage.getContentFormUrl(url));
- }
- public void run()
- {
- while(!UrlQueue.isEmpty())
- {
- dataHanding(UrlQueue.outElem());
- }
- }
- }
UrlQueue.java 此类主要是用来存放未访问的URL队列
- View Code
- package com.sreach.spider;
- import java.util.LinkedList;
- public class UrlQueue
- {
- /**超链接队列*/
- public static LinkedList<String> urlQueue = new LinkedList<String>();
- /**队列中对应最多的超链接数量*/
- public static final int MAX_SIZE = 10000;
- public synchronized static void addElem(String url)
- {
- urlQueue.add(url);
- }
- public synchronized static String outElem()
- {
- return urlQueue.removeFirst();
- }
- public synchronized static boolean isEmpty()
- {
- return urlQueue.isEmpty();
- }
- public static int size()
- {
- return urlQueue.size();
- }
- public static boolean isContains(String url)
- {
- return urlQueue.contains(url);
- }
- }
VisitedUrlQueue.java 主要是保存已访问过的URL,使用HashSet来保存,主要是考虑到每个访问过的URL是不同。HashSet刚好符合这个要求
- View Code
- package com.sreach.spider;
- import java.util.HashSet;
- /**
- * 已访问url队列
- * @author HHZ
- *
- */
- public class VisitedUrlQueue
- {
- public static HashSet<String> visitedUrlQueue = new HashSet<String>();
- public synchronized static void addElem(String url)
- {
- visitedUrlQueue.add(url);
- }
- public synchronized static boolean isContains(String url)
- {
- return visitedUrlQueue.contains(url);
- }
- public synchronized static int size()
- {
- return visitedUrlQueue.size();
- }
- }
Test.java 此类为测试类
- View Code
- import java.sql.SQLException;
- import com.sreach.spider.UrlDataHanding;
- import com.sreach.spider.UrlQueue;
- public class Test
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException
- {
- String url = "http://www.oschina.net/code/explore/achartengine/client/AndroidManifest.xml";
- String url1 = "http://www.oschina.net/code/explore";
- String url2 = "http://www.oschina.net/code/explore/achartengine";
- String url3 = "http://www.oschina.net/code/explore/achartengine/client";
- UrlQueue.addElem(url);
- UrlQueue.addElem(url1);
- UrlQueue.addElem(url2);
- UrlQueue.addElem(url3);
- UrlDataHanding[] url_Handings = new UrlDataHanding[10];
- for(int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++)
- {
- url_Handings[i] = new UrlDataHanding();
- new Thread(url_Handings[i]).start();
- }
- }
- }
说明一下:由于我抓取的是针对oschina的,所以里面的url正则表达式不适合其他网站,需要自己修改一下。你也可以写成xml来配置。