在UI自动化测试中,相信很多人都喜欢用所谓的PO模式,其中的P,也就是page的意思,于是乎,在脚本里,或者在其它的page里,会要new很多的page对象,这样很麻烦,前面我们也讲到了注解的使用,很方便,那么我们可不可以用注解来代替这个new的过程呢?只有想不到,没有办不到的,因为springMVC就是用了这个方式来IOC,当然我们也可以直接用springMVC,但这无异于用牛刀来切豆腐,还不如我们自已实现一下,顺便增加一下对注解的使用的认识,代码如下:
1.先定义一个LoadPage的注解:
package com.test.annotation; import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; import java.lang.annotation.Retention; import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; import java.lang.annotation.Target; @Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) public @interface LoadPage { String value(); }
2.再来实现一下这个注解:
package com.test.annotation; import java.io.File; import java.lang.reflect.Constructor; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; public class LoadAllPage { public final String basePath = "com.test"; private final String binPath = "bin"; private List<String> allClass = new ArrayList<String>(); private WebDriver driver; public void setDriver(WebDriver driver) { this.driver = driver; } public void loadAllPage(){ this.listAllFiles(binPath+File.separator+basePath.replace(".","/")); this.getPageInstance(); } private void listAllFiles(String path){ path = path.replace("\\", "/"); File file = new File(path); if(file.isFile() && file.getName().endsWith(".class")){ String filePath = file.getPath().replace("\\", "/"); int startIndex = 4; int endIndex = filePath.lastIndexOf(".class"); allClass.add(filePath.substring(startIndex, endIndex).replace("/", ".")); }else if(file.isDirectory()){ File[] files = file.listFiles(); for (File f : files) { this.listAllFiles(f.getPath()); } } } private void getPageInstance(){ for (String clazz : allClass) { try { Class<?> c = Class.forName(clazz); if(c.isAnnotationPresent(LoadPage.class)){ LoadPage lp = c.getAnnotation(LoadPage.class); Constructor<?> cons = c.getConstructor(WebDriver.class); InitialManger.allInstance.put(lp.value(), cons.newInstance(driver)); } } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InstantiationException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SecurityException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } public static void main(String[] args) { LoadAllPage lap = new LoadAllPage(); lap.loadAllPage(); } }
3.再定义一个Page注解:
package com.test.annotation; import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; import java.lang.annotation.Retention; import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; import java.lang.annotation.Target; @Target(ElementType.FIELD) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) public @interface Page { public String name() default ""; }
4.同样的,需要实现下Page注解
package com.test.annotation; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.util.Iterator; public class AutoPage { public void setPageAnnotation(){ Iterator<String> it = InitialManger.allInstance.keySet().iterator(); while(it.hasNext()){ String key = it.next(); try { Class<?> c = InitialManger.allInstance.get(key).getClass(); Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields(); for (Field field : fields) { field.setAccessible(true); if(field.isAnnotationPresent(Page.class)){ field.set(InitialManger.allInstance.get(key), InitialManger.allInstance.get(field.getAnnotation(Page.class).name())); } } } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SecurityException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } public void setTestAnnotation(Object o) { try { Class<?> c = o.getClass(); Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields(); for (Field field : fields) { field.setAccessible(true); if(field.isAnnotationPresent(Page.class)){ field.set(o, InitialManger.allInstance.get(field.getAnnotation(Page.class).name())); } } } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (SecurityException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
5.增加一个所有page实例化后的对象管理类:
package com.test.annotation; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; public class InitialManger { public static Map<String, Object> allInstance = new HashMap<String, Object>(); }
6.再来初始化一下实现注解类:
package com.test.annotation; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; public class InitialAnnotation { private WebDriver driver; public InitialAnnotation(WebDriver driver) { this.driver = driver; } public void initialAnnotation(){ LoadAllPage lap = new LoadAllPage(); lap.setDriver(driver); lap.loadAllPage(); AutoPage ap = new AutoPage(); ap.setPageAnnotation(); } }
7.接下来就是使用了:在一个Page中加上这个@LoadPage注解:
package com.test.page; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import com.test.annotation.LoadPage; import com.test.base.Page; @LoadPage("firstPage") public class FirstPage extends Page{ public FirstPage(WebDriver driver) { super(driver); } public void linkToMobileList(){ driver.navigate().to("http://www.baidu.com"); } }
8.为了使@Page注解在case中能用到,所以得在TestBase的@BeforeClass中添加如下代码:
if(InitialManger.allInstance.isEmpty()){ InitialAnnotation init = new InitialAnnotation(driver); init.initialAnnotation(); } AutoPage ap = new AutoPage(); ap.setTestAnnotation(this);
9.在CASE中这样用即可:
package com.test.testcases; import java.util.Map; import org.testng.annotations.Test; import com.test.annotation.Page; import com.test.base.TestBase; import com.test.page.FirstPage; public class Test2 extends TestBase{ @Page(name="firstPage") private FirstPage firstPage; @Test(dataProvider="providerMethod") public void testLogin(Map<String, String> param){ firstPage.linkToMobileList(); } }
整个过程就是这样的,可能有人会说这样也不方便,等等等等,总是有人能接受,有人不能接受的,如果能接受,可以找我共同讨论一下。QQ:408129370