使用Apache POI在Excel中创建条形图

I'm trying to create a Bar Chart in an XLSX Spreadsheet using Apache POI, but Excel keeps saying that there's a problem with the content and deleting the chart when I try to open the file. Here's the full code of what I'm trying to do:

我正在尝试使用Apache POI在XLSX电子表格中创建条形图，但Excel一直说当我尝试打开文件时内容出现问题并删除图表。这是我正在尝试做的完整代码：

public static void createBarChart() {

        Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet2");
        Row row;
        Cell cell;

        row = sheet.createRow(0);
        row.createCell(0);
        row.createCell(1).setCellValue("HEADER 1");
        row.createCell(2).setCellValue("HEADER 2");
        row.createCell(3).setCellValue("HEADER 3");

        for (int r = 1; r < 5; r++) {
            row = sheet.createRow(r);
            cell = row.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue("Serie " + r);
            cell = row.createCell(1);
            cell.setCellValue(123);
            cell = row.createCell(2);
            cell.setCellValue(456);
            cell = row.createCell(3);
            cell.setCellValue(789);
        }

        Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        ClientAnchor anchor = drawing.createAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 20);

        Chart chart = drawing.createChart(anchor);

        CTChart ctChart = ((XSSFChart) chart).getCTChart();

        ctChart.addNewTitle();

        CTPlotArea ctPlotArea = ctChart.getPlotArea();
        CTBarChart ctBarChart = ctPlotArea.addNewBarChart();

        ctBarChart.addNewBarDir().setVal(STBarDir.COL);
        ctBarChart.addNewGrouping().setVal(STBarGrouping.CLUSTERED);
        ctBarChart.addNewVaryColors().setVal(false);

        // First series
        CTBarSer ctBarSer = ctBarChart.addNewSer();

        ctBarSer.addNewIdx().setVal(0);
        ctBarSer.addNewOrder().setVal(0);

        // [01] Title
        CTSerTx ctSerTx = ctBarSer.addNewTx();
        CTStrRef ctSerTxStrRef = ctSerTx.addNewStrRef();
        ctSerTxStrRef.setF("Sheet2!$A$2");

        CTStrData strCache = ctSerTxStrRef.addNewStrCache();
        strCache.addNewPtCount().setVal(1);
        CTStrVal newPt = strCache.addNewPt();
        newPt.setV("Serie 1");
        newPt.setIdx(0);

        // [01] SpPr
        CTShapeProperties spPr = ctBarSer.addNewSpPr();
        CTSolidColorFillProperties solidFill = spPr.addNewSolidFill();
        solidFill.addNewSchemeClr().setVal(STSchemeColorValImpl.ACCENT_1);
        spPr.addNewLn().addNewNoFill();
        spPr.addNewEffectLst();

        // [01] Invert if negative
        ctBarSer.addNewInvertIfNegative().setVal(false);

        // [01] Series titles
        CTAxDataSource newCat = ctBarSer.addNewCat();
        CTStrRef addNewStrRef = newCat.addNewStrRef();
        addNewStrRef.setF("Sheet2!$B$1:$D$1");

        CTStrData addNewStrCache = addNewStrRef.addNewStrCache();
        addNewStrCache.addNewPtCount().setVal(3);

        CTStrVal pt1 = addNewStrCache.addNewPt();
        pt1.setIdx(0);
        pt1.setV(sheet.getRow(0).getCell(1).getStringCellValue());

        CTStrVal pt2 = addNewStrCache.addNewPt();
        pt2.setIdx(1);
        pt2.setV(sheet.getRow(0).getCell(2).getStringCellValue());

        CTStrVal pt3 = addNewStrCache.addNewPt();
        pt3.setIdx(2);
        pt3.setV(sheet.getRow(0).getCell(3).getStringCellValue());

        // [01] Series values
        CTNumDataSource newVal = ctBarSer.addNewVal();
        CTNumRef numRef = newVal.addNewNumRef();
        numRef.setF("Sheet2!$B$2:$D$2");
        CTNumData numCache = numRef.addNewNumCache();
        numCache.addNewPtCount().setVal(3);

        CTNumVal numpt1 = numCache.addNewPt();
        numpt1.setIdx(0);
        numpt1.setV(String.valueOf(sheet.getRow(1).getCell(1).getNumericCellValue()));

        CTNumVal numpt2 = numCache.addNewPt();
        numpt2.setIdx(1);
        numpt2.setV(String.valueOf(sheet.getRow(1).getCell(2).getNumericCellValue()));

        CTNumVal numpt3 = numCache.addNewPt();
        numpt3.setIdx(2);
        numpt3.setV(String.valueOf(sheet.getRow(1).getCell(3).getNumericCellValue()));

        // dLbls
        CTDLbls dLbls = ctBarChart.addNewDLbls();
        dLbls.addNewShowBubbleSize().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowLegendKey().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowCatName().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowSerName().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowPercent().setVal(false);
        dLbls.addNewShowVal().setVal(false);

        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("barchart.xlsx");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        wb.close();
        fileOut.close();
    }

Can anyone help me find (and, well, solve) the issue? Thanks in advance!

任何人都可以帮我找到（并且，好吧，解决）这个问题吗？提前致谢！

1 个解决方案

#1

Phew, difficult birth ;-). For users without knowledge of the background Apache POI supports only ScatterCharts and LineCharts why?. There is described how to proceed in principle.

P，很难生;-)。对于不了解后台的用户，Apache POI仅支持ScatterCharts和LineCharts为什么？描述了原则上如何进行。

As I said. Take the simplest possible bar chart for testing first. That is one series with two values. Then you would have seen that you have completely forgotten the axes in your code. A pie chart has no axes. Thats why there they are not necessary. But a bar chart will not work without axes.

就像我说的。用最简单的条形图进行测试。这是一个有两个值的系列。然后你会发现你已经完全忘记了代码中的轴。饼图没有轴。这就是为什么他们没有必要。但如果没有轴，条形图将不起作用。

Instead you can unscrupulously forget all things what is named "cache".

相反，你可以肆无忌惮地忘记所谓的“缓存”。

Whether other things are needed is determined by try and error. Also one could read the Office OpenXML recommendation. Probably the missing of all elements having minOccurs <> "0"` leads to deleting the Drawing while opening the Workbook.

是否需要其他东西取决于尝试和错误。也可以阅读Office OpenXML建议。可能缺少具有minOccurs <>“0”的所有元素会导致在打开工作簿时删除绘图。

Simple Example for a bar chart:

条形图的简单示例：

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.charts.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFChart;

import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTChart;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTPlotArea;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTBarChart;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTBoolean;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTBarSer;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTAxDataSource;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTNumDataSource;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTNumRef;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTStrRef;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTSerTx;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTCatAx;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTValAx;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTScaling;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.CTLegend;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STAxPos;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STBarDir;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STOrientation;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STLegendPos;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.drawingml.x2006.chart.STTickLblPos;

public class BarChart {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
        Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet1");

        Row row;
        Cell cell;

        row = sheet.createRow(0);
        row.createCell(0);
        row.createCell(1).setCellValue("HEADER 1");
        row.createCell(2).setCellValue("HEADER 2");
        row.createCell(3).setCellValue("HEADER 3");

        for (int r = 1; r < 5; r++) {
            row = sheet.createRow(r);
            cell = row.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue("Serie " + r);
            cell = row.createCell(1);
            cell.setCellValue(new java.util.Random().nextDouble());
            cell = row.createCell(2);
            cell.setCellValue(new java.util.Random().nextDouble());
            cell = row.createCell(3);
            cell.setCellValue(new java.util.Random().nextDouble());
        }

        Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        ClientAnchor anchor = drawing.createAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 8, 20);

        Chart chart = drawing.createChart(anchor);

        CTChart ctChart = ((XSSFChart)chart).getCTChart();
        CTPlotArea ctPlotArea = ctChart.getPlotArea();
        CTBarChart ctBarChart = ctPlotArea.addNewBarChart();
        CTBoolean ctBoolean = ctBarChart.addNewVaryColors();
        ctBoolean.setVal(true);
        ctBarChart.addNewBarDir().setVal(STBarDir.COL);

        for (int r = 2; r < 6; r++) {
           CTBarSer ctBarSer = ctBarChart.addNewSer();
           CTSerTx ctSerTx = ctBarSer.addNewTx();
           CTStrRef ctStrRef = ctSerTx.addNewStrRef();
           ctStrRef.setF("Sheet1!$A$" + r);
           ctBarSer.addNewIdx().setVal(r-2);  
           CTAxDataSource cttAxDataSource = ctBarSer.addNewCat();
           ctStrRef = cttAxDataSource.addNewStrRef();
           ctStrRef.setF("Sheet1!$B$1:$D$1"); 
           CTNumDataSource ctNumDataSource = ctBarSer.addNewVal();
           CTNumRef ctNumRef = ctNumDataSource.addNewNumRef();
           ctNumRef.setF("Sheet1!$B$" + r + ":$D$" + r);

           //at least the border lines in Libreoffice Calc ;-)
           ctBarSer.addNewSpPr().addNewLn().addNewSolidFill().addNewSrgbClr().setVal(new byte[] {0,0,0});   

        } 

        //telling the BarChart that it has axes and giving them Ids
        ctBarChart.addNewAxId().setVal(123456);
        ctBarChart.addNewAxId().setVal(123457);

        //cat axis
        CTCatAx ctCatAx = ctPlotArea.addNewCatAx(); 
        ctCatAx.addNewAxId().setVal(123456); //id of the cat axis
        CTScaling ctScaling = ctCatAx.addNewScaling();
        ctScaling.addNewOrientation().setVal(STOrientation.MIN_MAX);
        ctCatAx.addNewDelete().setVal(false);
        ctCatAx.addNewAxPos().setVal(STAxPos.B);
        ctCatAx.addNewCrossAx().setVal(123457); //id of the val axis
        ctCatAx.addNewTickLblPos().setVal(STTickLblPos.NEXT_TO);

        //val axis
        CTValAx ctValAx = ctPlotArea.addNewValAx(); 
        ctValAx.addNewAxId().setVal(123457); //id of the val axis
        ctScaling = ctValAx.addNewScaling();
        ctScaling.addNewOrientation().setVal(STOrientation.MIN_MAX);
        ctValAx.addNewDelete().setVal(false);
        ctValAx.addNewAxPos().setVal(STAxPos.L);
        ctValAx.addNewCrossAx().setVal(123456); //id of the cat axis
        ctValAx.addNewTickLblPos().setVal(STTickLblPos.NEXT_TO);

        //legend
        CTLegend ctLegend = ctChart.addNewLegend();
        ctLegend.addNewLegendPos().setVal(STLegendPos.B);
        ctLegend.addNewOverlay().setVal(false);

System.out.println(ctChart);

        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("BarChart.xlsx");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        fileOut.close();
    }
}

This example needs the full jar of all of the schemas ooxml-schemas-1.3.jar as mentioned in the FAQ-N10025.

这个例子需要FAQ-N10025中提到的所有模式ooxml-schemas-1.3.jar的完整jar。