JNI 中 JAVA 与 C 数据类型装换 (3)

时间:2021-09-29 20:18:11


 最近公司里要用JNI技术,用java去调用已经写好的本地DLL库。之前自己也没接触过相关技术,其中花了大部分时间在调试改错上面,网上对于错误的解决方案也不多,现在项目接近完工,自己也该把其中碰到的一些问题进行一下汇总。

  1.相关命令:

   将包含native函数的java源代码生成JNI的.h头文件: javah -jni com.xxx.test

   注意:test是编译后的.class文件,要写完整路径,该命令在com的上层目录下进行。更完整的命令为: javah -classpath . -jni com.xxx.test 注意中间的点号

   编写实现上面.h文件的.cpp代码后,生成dll目标文件:g++ -Wl,--kill-at -shared -o test1.dll test2.cpp

   注意:test1.dll为生成的目标DLL,test2为cpp源文件。红色部分不可少,表示生成不带@的函数.

  

  2.如何将java里的string类型转换为C里的char*类型:


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char* jstringTostring(JNIEnv* env, jstring jstr) //change type string into char*
{
char* rtn = NULL;
jclass clsstring = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
jstring strencode = env->NewStringUTF("utf-8");
jmethodID mid = env->GetMethodID(clsstring, "getBytes", "(Ljava/lang/String;)[B");
jbyteArray barr= (jbyteArray)env->CallObjectMethod(jstr, mid, strencode);
jsize alen = env->GetArrayLength(barr);
jbyte* ba = env->GetByteArrayElements(barr, JNI_FALSE);
if (alen > 0)
{
rtn = (char*)malloc(alen + 1);
memcpy(rtn, ba, alen);
rtn[alen] = 0;
}
env->ReleaseByteArrayElements(barr, ba, 0);
return rtn;
}

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  3.如何将C里的char*类型转换为java里的string类型:


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jstring stoJstring(JNIEnv* env, const char* pat)//change type char* into string
{
jclass strClass = env->FindClass("Ljava/lang/String;");
jmethodID ctorID = env->GetMethodID(strClass, "<init>", "([BLjava/lang/String;)V");
jbyteArray bytes = env->NewByteArray(strlen(pat));
env->SetByteArrayRegion(bytes, 0, strlen(pat), (jbyte*)pat);
jstring encoding = env->NewStringUTF("utf-8");
return (jstring)env->NewObject(strClass, ctorID, bytes, encoding);
}

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  4.JNI里如何返回arraylist类型:


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jclass cls_ArrayList = env->FindClass("java/util/ArrayList");
jmethodID construct = env->GetMethodID(cls_ArrayList,"<init>","()V");//注意第二个参数为<init>,网上有些资料写着为空或者<init></init>是错的。
jobject obj_ArrayList = env->NewObject(cls_ArrayList,construct,"");
jmethodID arrayList_add = env->GetMethodID(cls_ArrayList,"add","(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z"); //获得arraylist的add()方法
//User Object
jclass cls_user = env->FindClass("User"); //注意User所在路径要写完整,该加包名的地方要加上
//none argument construct function
jmethodID construct_user = env->GetMethodID(cls_user,"<init>","()V");
//new a object
jobject obj_user = env->NewObject(cls_user,construct_user,"");
//get method id
/*
jmethodID user_setId = env->GetMethodID(cls_user,"setId","(J)V");
jmethodID user_setUserName = env->GetMethodID(cls_user,"setUserName","(Ljava/lang/String;)V");
jmethodID user_setMan = env->GetMethodID(cls_user,"setMan","(Z)V");
jmethodID user_setAge = env->GetMethodID(cls_user,"setAge","(I)V");
*/
int i;
for(i=0;i<10;i++){
//new a object
jobject obj_user = env->NewObject(cls_user,construct_user,"");
//get field id
jfieldID user_id = env->GetFieldID(cls_user,"id","J");
jfieldID user_name = env->GetFieldID(cls_user,"userName","Ljava/lang/String;");
jfieldID user_isMan = env->GetFieldID(cls_user,"isMan","Z");
jfieldID user_age = env->GetFieldID(cls_user,"age","I");
env->SetLongField(obj_user,user_id,i);
env->SetObjectField(obj_user,user_name,env->NewStringUTF("CC"));
env->SetBooleanField(obj_user,user_isMan,1);
env->SetIntField(obj_user,user_age,21);
env->CallObjectMethod(obj_ArrayList,arrayList_add,obj_user);
}
return obj_ArrayList;

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  5.对于碰到以下错误:


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# A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment:
#
# EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION (0xc0000005) at pc=0x7c92100b, pid=596, tid=2080
#
# JRE version: 6.0_21-b07
# Java VM: Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (17.0-b17 mixed mode, sharing windows-x86 )
# Problematic frame:
# C [ntdll.dll+0x100b]
#
# If you would like to submit a bug report, please visit:
# http://java.sun.com/webapps/bugreport/crash.jsp
# The crash happened outside the Java Virtual Machine in native code.
# See problematic frame for where to report the bug.

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  一般都是由于你所写的JNI转换后的CPP实现代码有问题。可以关注下红色部分,若pc=0x00000000,则表示你要实现的native函数里传入了空指针void*或null。

  而如果你传入的参数还有结构体变量,那么这里的空值还要考虑结构体里的部分成员是否也为空,JNI里的函数是不允许传入空值的,这点网上的资料里都没有提,我也在这里卡了很久。但是你必须要传入空值,而且还要调用更下一层的DLL里的函数时,那就会报错,这时该怎么办呢?此时你可以在它们中间再加一过渡层(CPP文件)实现间接调用。  



  6.最后注意下JNI里的资源释放问题,若使用资源过多没有及时释放,也会有可能会报上面的错误。

  如:env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(xxx, xxx);



  至于其他问题网上都有就不写了。

http://www.cnblogs.com/xingyun/archive/2012/08/03/2622410.html