实现UITableView汉字拼音首字母索引

要实现这个功能，难点就在于如何找到汉字与拼音的对应关系，并用程序实现这样的规则。

网上找了下资料，找到一个用码表的方式实现的方法，是c语言版的，正好可以用上了。

下面是实现码表查询功能的两个c语言文件内容:

pinyin.h

/*
 *  pinyin.h
 *  Chinese Pinyin First Letter
 *
 *  Created by George on 4/21/10.
 *  Copyright 2010 RED/SAFI. All rights reserved.
 *
 */
/*
 * // Example
 *
 * #import "pinyin.h"
 *
 * NSString *hanyu = @"中国*万岁！";
 * for (int i = 0; i < [hanyu length]; i++)
 * {
 *     printf("%c", pinyinFirstLetter([hanyu characterAtIndex:i]));
 * }
 *
 */
char pinyinFirstLetter(unsigned short hanzi);

pinyin.c

/*
 *  pinyin.c
 *  Chinese Pinyin First Letter
 *
 *  Created by George on 4/21/10.
 *  Copyright 2010 RED/SAFI. All rights reserved.
 *
 */
#define HANZI_START 19968
#define HANZI_COUNT 20902
static char firstLetterArray[HANZI_COUNT] = 
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"xy";
char pinyinFirstLetter(unsigned short hanzi)
{
	int index = hanzi - HANZI_START;
	if (index >= 0 && index <= HANZI_COUNT)
	{
		return firstLetterArray[index];
	}
	else
	{
		return '#';
	}
}

这样我们就可以根据名字的第一个字，取其ascii码，根据上述算法，得到对应的拼音首字母，

如：“白沙”

NSString * name = @"白沙";
unichar firstHanzi = [name characterAtIndex:0];//取“白”的ascii码（30333）
char py = pinyinFirstLetter(firstHanzi);//得到拼音首字母为b

核心问题解决了，下面我们就实现一个好友列表的拼音索引来做为实例

先建立一个名字实体类NameIndex，来储存好友名字等信息，如下:

NameIndex.h

@interface NameIndex : NSObject {  
    NSString *_lastName;  
    NSString *_firstName;  
    NSInteger _sectionNum;  
    NSInteger _originIndex;  
}  
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *_lastName;  
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *_firstName;  
@property (nonatomic) NSInteger _sectionNum;  
@property (nonatomic) NSInteger _originIndex;  
- (NSString *) getFirstName;  
- (NSString *) getLastName;  
@end

NameIndex.m

@implementation NameIndex  
@synthesize _firstName, _lastName;  
@synthesize _sectionNum, _originIndex;  

- (NSString *) getFirstName {  
    if ([_firstName canBeConvertedToEncoding: NSASCIIStringEncoding]) {//如果是英文  
        return _firstName;  
    }  
    else { //如果是非英文  
        return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c",pinyinFirstLetter([_firstName characterAtIndex:0])];  
    }  

}  
- (NSString *) getLastName {  
    if ([_lastName canBeConvertedToEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding]) {  
        return _lastName;  
    }  
    else {  
        return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c",pinyinFirstLetter([_lastName characterAtIndex:0])];  
    }  

}  
- (void)dealloc {  
    [_firstName release];  
    [_lastName release];  
    [super dealloc];  
}  
@end

接下来构建列表索引：

UILocalizedIndexedCollation *theCollation = [UILocalizedIndexedCollation currentCollation];//这个是建立索引的核心
    NSMutableArray *temp = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:0];


    //测试   
    NSArray * nameArray = @[@"白飞",@"andy",@"张冲",@"林峰",@"kylin",@"王磊",@"emily",@"陈标",@"billy",@"韦丽"];
    for (int i = 0; i<[nameArray count]; i++) {
        NameIndex *item = [[NameIndex alloc] init];
        item._lastName　= [nameArray objectAtIndex:i];
        item._originIndex = i;
        [temp addObject:item];
    }


    //名字分section
    for (NameIndex *item in temp) {
        //getUserName是实现中文拼音检索的核心，见NameIndex类
        NSInteger sect = [theCollation sectionForObject:item collationStringSelector:@selector(getLastName)];
        //设定姓的索引编号
        item._sectionNum = sect;
    }

    //返回27，是a－z和＃
    NSInteger highSection = [[theCollation sectionTitles] count]; 
    //tableView 会被分成27个section
    NSMutableArray *sectionArrays = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:highSection]; 
    for (int i=0; i<=highSection; i++) {
        NSMutableArray *sectionArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:1];
        [sectionArrays addObject:sectionArray];
    }
    //根据sectionNum把名字加入到对应section数组里
    for (NameIndex *item in temp) {
        [(NSMutableArray *)[sectionArrays objectAtIndex:item._sectionNum] addObject:item];
    }
    //进行排序后，加入到数据源中
    for (NSMutableArray *sectionArray in sectionArrays) {
        NSArray *sortedSection = [theCollation sortedArrayFromArray:sectionArray collationStringSelector:@selector(getFirstName)]; //按firstName进行排序
        [self.friendsList addObject:sortedSection];//这里friendsList是自己定义的列表数据源
    }

下面就是配置列表的delegate和datasource了：

-(NSArray *)sectionIndexTitlesForTableView:(UITableView *)tableView{
    NSMutableArray * existTitles = [NSMutableArray array];
    NSArray * allTitles = [[UILocalizedIndexedCollation currentCollation]sectionTitles];
    //section数组为空的title过滤掉，不显示
    for (int i=0; i<[allTitles count]; i++) {
        if ([[self.friendsList objectAtIndex:i] count] > 0) {
            [existTitles addObject:[allTitles objectAtIndex:i]];
        }
    }
    return existTitles;
}

- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView {
    return [self.friendsList count];
}

-(NSString *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView titleForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section{
    if ([[self.friendsList objectAtIndex:section] count] > 0) {
        return [[[UILocalizedIndexedCollation currentCollation] sectionTitles] objectAtIndex:section];
    }
    return nil;
}

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView sectionForSectionIndexTitle:(NSString *)title atIndex:(NSInteger)index
{
    return [[UILocalizedIndexedCollation currentCollation] sectionForSectionIndexTitleAtIndex:index];
}

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section {
    return [[self.friendsList objectAtIndex:section] count];
}

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
    static NSString *cellIdentifier = @"Cell";

    UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:cellIdentifier];

    if(cell == nil) {
        cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:cellIdentifier];
    }

    cell.textLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",((NameIndex*)[[self.friendsList objectAtIndex:indexPath.section] objectAtIndex:indexPath.row])._lastName,((NameIndex*)[[self.friendsList objectAtIndex:indexPath.section] objectAtIndex:indexPath.row])._firstName];
    cell.selectionStyle = UITableViewCellSelectionStyleNone;
    cell.accessoryType = UITableViewCellAccessoryNone;

    return cell;
}

这样一个基本的汉字拼音字母索引列表就做好了，效果如下图：

本文内容参考自下面两篇文章:

http://blog.csdn.net/chyroger/article/details/5800842#

http://blog.csdn.net/lnnxsh/article/details/9275079