创建自己的自定义异常有哪些最佳做法？

In a follow-up to a previous question regarding exceptions, what are best practices for creating a custom exception in .NET?

在前一个关于异常的问题的后续内容中，在.NET中创建自定义异常的最佳实践是什么？

More specifically should you inherit from System.Exception, System.ApplicationException or some other base exception?

更具体地说，您应该继承System.Exception，System.ApplicationException还是其他一些基本异常？

5 个解决方案

#1

Inherit from System.Exception. System.ApplicationException is useless and the design guidelines say "Do not throw or derive from System.ApplicationException."

从System.Exception继承。 System.ApplicationException没用，设计指南说“不要抛出或派生自System.ApplicationException”。

See http://blogs.msdn.com/kcwalina/archive/2006/06/23/644822.aspx

见http://blogs.msdn.com/kcwalina/archive/2006/06/23/644822.aspx

#2

In the C# IDE, type 'exception' and hit TAB. This will expand to get you started in writing a new exception type. There are comments withs links to some discussion of exception practices.

在C＃IDE中，键入“exception”并单击TAB。这将扩展为您开始编写新的异常类型。有评论链接到一些异常实践的讨论。

Personally, I'm a big fan of creating lots of small classes, at that extends to exception types. For example, in writing the Foo class, I can choose between:

就个人而言，我是创建大量小类的忠实粉丝，其扩展到异常类型。例如，在编写Foo类时，我可以选择：

throw new Exception("Bar happened in Foo");
抛出新的异常（“Bar发生在Foo”）;
throw new FooException("Bar happened");
抛出新的FooException（“Bar happen”）;
throw new FooBarException();
抛出新的FooBarException（）;

where

哪里

class FooException : Exception 
{
    public FooException(string message) ... 
}

and

和

class FooBarException : FooException 
{
    public FooBarException() 
        : base ("Bar happened") 
    {
    }
}

I prefer the 3rd option, because I see it as being an OO solution.

我更喜欢第三种选择，因为我认为它是一种OO解决方案。

#3

There is a code snippet for it. Use that. Plus, check your code analysis afterwards; the snippet leaves out one of the constructors you should implement.

有一个代码片段。用那个。另外，之后检查您的代码分析;代码片段遗漏了您应该实现的构造函数之一。

#4

I think the single most important thing to remember when dealing with exceptions at any level (making custom, throwing, catching) is that exceptions are only for exceptional conditions.

我认为在处理任何级别的异常（进行自定义，抛出，捕获）时要记住的最重要的事情是异常仅适用于特殊情况。

#5

The base exception from where all other exceptions inherit from is System.Exception, and that is what you should inherit, unless of course you have a use for things like, say, default messages of a more specific exception.

所有其他异常从其继承的基本异常是System.Exception，这是您应该继承的，除非您当然使用诸如更具体异常的默认消息之类的东西。

#1