一.struts2对异常的处理
1.自定义局部异常:
<action>
<exception-mapping result="sonException" exception="java.lang.ArithmeticException"></exception-mapping>
</action>
2.自定义全局异常:
<!-- 配置全局异常处理 -->
<global-exception-mappings>
<exception-mapping result="sonException" exception="java.lang.ArithmeticException"></exception-mapping>
</global-exception-mappings>
3.异常执行的优先级
>>当同时出现全局和局部异常时,局部异常优先,即局部异常优先于全局异常执行,如果全局和局部异常相同,那么将以局部异常为准.
>>当异常出现父子关系时,子异常优先.如java.lang.ArithmeticException是java.lang.Exception的子类.如果同时进行配置的话,那么以java.lang.ArithmeticException为准.
如:
<!-- 配置全局异常处理 -->
<global-exception-mappings>
<exception-mapping result="sonException" exception="java.lang.ArithmeticException"></exception-mapping>
<exception-mapping result="fatherException" exception="java.lang.Exception"></exception-mapping>
</global-exception-mappings>
<!-- 配置全局结果处理 -->
<global-results>
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
/WEB-INF/success.jsp
</result>
<result name="sonException" type="dispatcher">
/WEB-INF/sonException.jsp
</result>
<result name="fatherException" type="dispatcher">
/WEB-INF/fatherException.jsp
</result>
</global-results>
二.struts2中的类型转换
1、内置类型转换器
HTTP没有类型的概念,只能将表单的参数,以String或String[]的方式接收.
>>1).struts2提供了内置的类型转换器,它能将string类型和8种基本类型自动转换.
>>2).struts2的内置类型转换器,能将java.util.Date与String类型自动转换,但Date类型的字符串格式必须为yyyy-MM-dd的格式;同时struts2会自动检测日期的合法性,如01-33这种就不能通过.
>>3).内置转换器,不能将String类型转换成任意javaBean类型,这里需要使用自定义转换器.
下面以实例来演示:
Address.java
package type; /**
* @ClassName: Address
* @Description: 定义一个address model
* @author: amosli
* @email:amosli@infomorrow.com
* @date Jan 26, 2014 1:53:33 AM
*/
public class Address {
private String province;// 省份
private String city;// 城市
private String area;// 区域 public String getProvince() {
return province;
} public void setProvince(String province) {
this.province = province;
} public String getCity() {
return city;
} public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
} public String getArea() {
return area;
} public void setArea(String area) {
this.area = area;
} }
TypeAction.java
package type; import java.util.Date; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; /**
* @ClassName: TypeAction
* @Description: 本类主要是讲解类型转换
* @author: amosli
* @email:amosli@infomorrow.com
* @date Jan 26, 2014 1:00:35 AM
*/
public class TypeAction extends ActionSupport{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2558635842755603468L;
private String username;//姓名
private Integer age;//年龄
private Float salary;//薪水
private Date birthday;//生日
private Address address;//地址 public String getUsername() {
return username;
} public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
} public Integer getAge() {
return age;
} public Address getAddress() {
return address;
} public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
} public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
} public Float getSalary() {
return salary;
} public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
} public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
} public void setSalary(Float salary) {
this.salary = salary;
} public String execute() throws Exception { return SUCCESS;
} }
type_struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts>
<package name="type" extends="struts-default">
<action name="TypeAction" class="type.TypeAction" method="execute">
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
/WEB-INF/type_success.jsp
</result>
<result name="input" type="dispatcher">
type.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
sturts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts>
<!--<include file="config/upload.xml"></include> -->
<!-- 加载其他配置文件 -->
<!-- <include file="config/upload-interceptor.xml"></include> -->
<!-- 加载属性文件－国际化 -->
<!-- <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message"></constant> --> <!-- 结果集 -->
<!-- <include file="config/result_struts.xml"></include> --> <!-- 类型转换 -->
<include file="config/type_struts.xml"></include> </struts>
type.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="TypeAction" type="POST">
<s:textfield label="用户名" name="username" />
<s:textfield label="年龄" name="age" />
<s:textfield label="薪水" name="salary" />
<s:textfield label="生日" name="birthday"/>
<s:textfield label="地址" name="address"/>
<s:submit name="submit"/>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
type_success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
恭喜,类型转换成功！
<hr>
用户名:<s:property value="username"/><br>
年龄:<s:property value="age"/><br>
薪水:<s:property value="salary"/><br>
生日:<s:property value="birthday"/><br>
地址:<s:property value="address"/><br>
</body>
</html>
效果截图:
1),不填写地址
2),查看结果,基本类型的数据自动转换成功
3),填写地址
4),这里配置了result中的input,一时出错页面将转发到type.jsp,并使用标签自带的错误消息回显.
