使用Ant构建struts2 web工程，自动编译，打包成war

c&c++语言通常使用make脚本来构建和管理自己的工程，同样java也有自己的构建工具（Ant），使用时需要写一个biuld.xml,有点类似c&c++里的makefile。

一、首先定义一些变量，如下，个人感觉有点类似makefile的写法

#==================== File and Directory Names ========================

app.name=AntDemo
app.version=0.1

source.home=./src
lib.home=./WebContent/WEB-INF/lib
lib.external=./lib_external
webapp.home=./WebContent
build.home=./build
dist.home=./dist

#==================== Compilation Control Options =====================

compile.debug=true
compile.deprecation=false
compile.optimize=true

二、然后写几个target

一般就clean，init，Compile，Build，Archive，具体如下

<?xml version="1.0"?>


<!-- ====================================================================== 
     Date:     June 2015

     Project:  Ant Demo

     Author:   Peter Chen
     ====================================================================== -->



<project name="AntDemo" default="archive" basedir=".">

<description>
           a project of using ant
</description>

<property file="build.properties"/>

<!-- ==================== Clean Target ==================================== -->

<!--
        删除之前工程构建时产生的临时文件
-->
<target name="clean" description="Delete old directories and files">
<delete dir="${dist.home}"/>
<delete dir="${build.home}"/>
<delete >
<fileset dir="${source.home}" includes="**/*.class"/>
</delete>
</target>

<!-- ==================== Init Target ================================== -->

<!--
        新建build文件夹
-->
<target name="init" depends="clean"  description="Create build directory">

<mkdir dir="${build.home}" />

</target>

<!-- ==================== Compile Target ================================== -->

<!--
        编译源代码，将编译生成的class文件copy到${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes目录下
-->
<target name="compile" depends="init" description="Compile Java sources">


<mkdir dir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes" />

<javac srcdir="${source.home}"
               destdir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes"
               debug="${compile.debug}"
               deprecation="${compile.deprecation}"
               optimize="${compile.optimize}"
               source="1.7" target="1.7" includeantruntime="on">

<classpath>
<path>
<fileset dir="${lib.home}" />
<fileset dir="${lib.external}" />
</path>
</classpath>
</javac>

</target>

<!-- ==================== Build Target ================================== -->

<!--
        把非class文件拷贝到build目录下
-->

<target name="build" depends="compile" description="Copies all non Java classes to build directoy">
<copy todir="${build.home}">
<fileset dir="${webapp.home}" excludes="SVN,**/*.class" />
</copy>
<copy todir="${build.home}/WEB-INF/classes">
<fileset dir="${source.home}" excludes="SVN,**/*.java" />
</copy>
</target>

<!-- ==================== Archive Target ================================== -->

<!--
         打包成war文件
-->

<target name="archive" depends="build" description="Create binary archive of all files in dist.home">

<!-- Create war directory -->
<mkdir dir="${dist.home}" />

<!-- Create application WAR file -->
<jar jarfile="${dist.home}/${app.name}.war" basedir="${build.home}" />

</target>    

</project>

三、最后直接运行target即可

贴上demo的github地址：https://github.com/peterchenhdu/AntDemo/ ，

有兴趣的可以下载下来看看，一个基于struts2的web工程，使用ant自动编译打包成war。