现在加最后一样,就是oauth2,现在很多网站都有对应的移动版本,那么移动端访问服务端的服务怎么控制权限,我知道的主要是两种方法,第一是模拟浏览器,访问服务的时候会生成session,之后在移动端缓存cookie,每次网络请求都把cookie加上,还有一种就是通过oauth2,登录之后生成一个凭证,每次请求时携带凭证,当然oauth2更多的是为第三方应用提供访问自己服务的权限。
oauth2的配置,可以纯配置文件打造,相比较前面的那些,可以说是最简单也是最复杂的,简单是因为引入jar包配置一个xml就可以,复杂是说这个仅有的xml需要写的东西很多理解起来也要费劲。
关于Oauth2的整合,很大程度上参考了这位仁兄的文章: http://blog.csdn.net/monkeyking1987/article/details/16828059 。
1. pom.xml
首先导入oauth2的包:
<properties> …… <spring-security-oauth2.version>2.0.2.RELEASE</spring-security-oauth2.version> </properties> <dependencies> …… <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2</artifactId> <version>${spring-security-oauth2.version}</version> </dependency> …… </dependencies>
2. applicationContext-security.xml
oauth2是security的一部分,配置也有关联,就不再单建文件,首先要在最前面加一些schema:
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oauth2="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/oauth2" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/oauth2 http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-oauth2-1.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd">
其实就是加了一个oauth2的命名。
在这个文件的开始,也就是之前配置的拦截链的http标签前面并列一个http标签:
<http pattern="/oauth/token" create-session="stateless" authentication-manager-ref="oauth2AuthenticationManager" entry-point-ref="oauth2AuthenticationEntryPoint"> <intercept-url pattern="/oauth/token" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_FULLY"/> <anonymous enabled="false"/> <http-basic entry-point-ref="oauth2AuthenticationEntryPoint"/> <custom-filter ref="clientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter" before="BASIC_AUTH_FILTER"/> <access-denied-handler ref="oauth2AccessDeniedHandler"/> </http>
这个标签处理/oauth/token的网络请求,这是oauth2的登录验证请求,那么登录需要什么,首先,和Spring Security一样,需要一个认证管理器,Spring Oauth2需要两个认证管理器,第一个就是之前Spring中配置的那一个,用来验证用户名密码的,还有一个是用来区分客户端用户的,给它起个名字叫oauth2AuthenticationManager:
<oauth2:client-details-service id="clientDetailsService"> <oauth2:client client-id="mobile_1" authorized-grant-types="password,authorization_code,refresh_token,implicit" secret="secret_1"scope="read,write,trust" /> </oauth2:client-details-service> <beans:bean id="oauth2ClientDetailsUserService" class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.client.ClientDetailsUserDetailsService"> <beans:constructor-arg ref="clientDetailsService"/> </beans:bean> <authentication-manager id="oauth2AuthenticationManager"> <authentication-provider user-service-ref="oauth2ClientDetailsUserService"/> </authentication-manager>
这儿设置了一种客户端,id叫做mobile_1,secret叫做secret_1,针对read、write和trust几个域有效。这几个域会在访问控制中被用到。
当登录成功之后会得到一个token,再次访问的时候需要携带这个token,spring-oauth2根据这个token来做认证,那么spring-oauth2必须先存一份token和用户关系的对应,因为不用session了,这就相当于session,那么这个token在服务器中怎么存,有两种主要的存储方式,一是创建数据表,把token存到数据库里,我现在追求简单可用,采用第二种方式,直接存到内存里。下面配置一个管理token的service:
<beans:bean id="tokenStore" class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.token.store.InMemoryTokenStore"/> <beans:bean id="tokenServices" class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.token.DefaultTokenServices"> <beans:property name="tokenStore" ref="tokenStore"/> <beans:property name="supportRefreshToken" value="true"/> </beans:bean>
下面配置4个基本的bean:分别处理访问成功、访问拒绝、认证点和访问控制:
<beans:bean id="oauth2AuthenticationEntryPoint" class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.error.OAuth2AuthenticationEntryPoint"/> <beans:bean id="oauth2AccessDeniedHandler" class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.error.OAuth2AccessDeniedHandler"/> <beans:bean id="oauthUserApprovalHandler" class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.approval.DefaultUserApprovalHandler"/> <beans:bean id="oauth2AccessDecisionManager" class="org.springframework.security.access.vote.UnanimousBased"> <beans:constructor-arg> <beans:list> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.vote.ScopeVoter"/> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.security.access.vote.RoleVoter"/> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.security.access.vote.AuthenticatedVoter"/>
<!--sinceyou:增加此bean是为了支持表达式如:hasRole()-->
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.security.web.access.expression.WebExpressionVoter"/>
</beans:list>
</beans:constructor-arg>
</beans:bean>
下一步,配置这个oauth2的server所能支持的请求类型:
<oauth2:authorization-server client-details-service-ref="clientDetailsService" token-services-ref="tokenServices" user-approval-handler-ref="oauthUserApprovalHandler" > <oauth2:authorization-code /> <oauth2:implicit /> <oauth2:refresh-token /> <oauth2:client-credentials /> <oauth2:password /> </oauth2:authorization-server>
比如说,如果配置本服务器不支持刷新token,那么就:
<oauth2:refresh-token disabled="true" />
我们的请求里,要把验证类型、用户名密码都作为表单参数提交,这就需要配置下面的filter:
<beans:bean id="clientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter" class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.client.ClientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter"> <beans:property name="authenticationManager" ref="oauth2AuthenticationManager"/> </beans:bean>
下面定义一种资源,指定spring要保护的资源,如果没有这个,访问控制的时候会说没有Authentication object:
<oauth2:resource-server id="mobileResourceServer" resource-id="mobile-resource" token-services-ref="tokenServices" />
好了,到此为止基本配置就都有了,下面就看访问控制的配置:在前面的拦截链上,已经为登录验证配了一个/auth/token,在这个标签下面添加对/json和/admin这两个路径的控制(这里没有再写这两个访问的controller,依旧用前面几篇文章中写好的):
<http pattern="/json**" use-expressions="true" create-session="never" entry-point-ref="oauth2AuthenticationEntryPoint" access-decision-manager-ref="oauth2AccessDecisionManager"> <anonymous enabled="false" /> <intercept-url pattern="/json**" access="hasRole(ROLE_USER)" /> <custom-filter ref="mobileResourceServer" before="PRE_AUTH_FILTER" /> <access-denied-handler ref="oauth2AccessDeniedHandler" /> </http> <http pattern="/admin**" create-session="never" entry-point-ref="oauth2AuthenticationEntryPoint" access-decision-manager-ref="oauth2AccessDecisionManager"> <anonymous enabled="false" /> <intercept-url pattern="/admin**" access="ROLE_ADMIN,SCOPE_READ" /> <custom-filter ref="mobileResourceServer" before="PRE_AUTH_FILTER" /> <access-denied-handler ref="oauth2AccessDeniedHandler" /> </http>
我们用oauth2AccessDecisionManager来做决策,这个地方需要注意,spring-security里面配置access="ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN"是说user和admin都可以访问,是一个“或”的关系,但是这里是“与”的关系,比如第二个,需要ROLE_ADMIN并且当前的scope包含read才可以,否则就没有权限。认证失败会返回一段xml,这个可以自定义handler来修改,暂且按下不表。 源码下载 。
ps:使用方法:用户名密码前面spring-security中已经创建了用户,验证身份时访问:
http://localhost:8080/demo4ssh-security-oauth2/oauth/token?client_id=mobile_1&client_secret=secret_1&grant_type=password&username=zhangsan&password=123456
这时候会返回一个access_token:
{"access_token":"4219a91f-45d5-4a07-9e8e-3acbadd0c23e","token_type":"bearer","refresh_token":"d41df9fd-3d36-4a20-b0b7-1a1883c7439d","expires_in":43199,"scope":"read write trust"}
这之后再拿着这个access_token去访问资源:
http://localhost:8080/demo4ssh-security-oauth2/admin?access_token=4219a91f-45d5-4a07-9e8e-3acbadd0c23e
附保存至数据库时数据库结构:
-- used in tests that use HSQL | |
create table oauth_client_details ( | |
client_id VARCHAR(256) PRIMARY KEY, | |
resource_ids VARCHAR(256), | |
client_secret VARCHAR(256), | |
scope VARCHAR(256), | |
authorized_grant_types VARCHAR(256), | |
web_server_redirect_uri VARCHAR(256), | |
authorities VARCHAR(256), | |
access_token_validity INTEGER, | |
refresh_token_validity INTEGER, | |
additional_information VARCHAR(4096), | |
autoapprove VARCHAR(256) | |
); | |
create table oauth_client_token ( | |
token_id VARCHAR(256), | |
token LONGVARBINARY, | |
authentication_id VARCHAR(256) PRIMARY KEY, | |
user_name VARCHAR(256), | |
client_id VARCHAR(256) | |
); | |
create table oauth_access_token ( | |
token_id VARCHAR(256), | |
token LONGVARBINARY, | |
authentication_id VARCHAR(256) PRIMARY KEY, | |
user_name VARCHAR(256), | |
client_id VARCHAR(256), | |
authentication LONGVARBINARY, | |
refresh_token VARCHAR(256) | |
); | |
create table oauth_refresh_token ( | |
token_id VARCHAR(256), | |
token LONGVARBINARY, | |
authentication LONGVARBINARY | |
); | |
create table oauth_code ( | |
code VARCHAR(256), authentication LONGVARBINARY | |
); | |
create table oauth_approvals ( | |
userId VARCHAR(256), | |
clientId VARCHAR(256), | |
scope VARCHAR(256), | |
status VARCHAR(10), | |
expiresAt TIMESTAMP, | |
lastModifiedAt TIMESTAMP | |
); | |
-- customized oauth_client_details table | |
create table ClientDetails ( | |
appId VARCHAR(256) PRIMARY KEY, | |
resourceIds VARCHAR(256), | |
appSecret VARCHAR(256), | |
scope VARCHAR(256), | |
grantTypes VARCHAR(256), | |
redirectUrl VARCHAR(256), | |
authorities VARCHAR(256), | |
access_token_validity INTEGER, | |
refresh_token_validity INTEGER, | |
additionalInformation VARCHAR(4096), | |
autoApproveScopes VARCHAR(256) | |
); |