学习 SUSE Storage 系列文章
（1）SUSE Storage6 实验环境搭建详细步骤 - Win10 + VMware WorkStation
（2）SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 SP1 系统安装
（4）SUSE Ceph 增加节点、减少节点、 删除OSD磁盘等操作 - Storage6
（5）深入理解 DeepSea 和 Salt 部署工具 - Storage6
一、测试环境描述
之前我们已快速部署好一套Ceph集群（3节点），现要测试在现有集群中在线方式增加节点
- 如下表中可以看到增加节点node004具体配置
|
主机名 |
Public网络 |
管理网络 |
集群网络 |
说明 |
|
admin |
192.168.2.39 |
172.200.50.39 |
--- |
管理节点 |
|
node001 |
192.168.2.40 |
172.200.50.40 |
192.168.3.40 |
MON,OSD |
|
node002 |
192.168.2.41 |
172.200.50.41 |
192.168.3.41 |
MON,OSD |
|
node003 |
192.168.2.42 |
172.200.50.42 |
192.168.3.42 |
MON,OSD |
|
node004 |
192.168.2.43 |
172.200.50.43 |
192.168.3.43 |
OSD |
- 测试集群架构图
可以看到架构图中增加了node004节点，并且node004节点只是作为OSD节点，并无MON或MGR服务
二、增加集群节点 node004
1、收集集群信息
（1）集群状态
# ceph -s
cluster:
id: f7b451b3-4a4c--a4ef-4b5359242a92
health: HEALTH_OK services:
mon: daemons, quorum node001,node002,node003 (age 90m)
mgr: node001(active, since 89m), standbys: node002, node003
osd: osds: up (since 90m), in (since 23h) data:
pools: pools, pgs
objects: objects, B
usage: GiB used, GiB / GiB avail
pgs:
（2）集群OSD磁盘信息
# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
- 0.05878 root default
- 0.01959 host node001
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node002
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node003
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
（3）查看新增节点磁盘
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda : 20G disk
├─sda1 : 1G part /boot
└─sda2 : 19G part
├─vgoo-lvswap : 2G lvm [SWAP]
└─vgoo-lvroot : 17G lvm /
sdb : 10G disk
sdc : 10G disk
sr0 : 1024M rom
nvme0n1 : 20G disk
nvme0n2 : 20G disk
nvme0n3 : 20G disk
2、初始化操作系统
（1）初始化步骤
参考快速部署 storage6 文档
（2）显示仓库
# zypper lr
Repository priorities are without effect. All enabled repositories share the same priority. # | Alias | Name | Enabled | GPG Check | Refresh
---+----------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------+--------
1 | SLE-Module-Basesystem-SLES15-SP1-Pool | SLE-Module-Basesystem-SLES15-SP1-Pool | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
2 | SLE-Module-Basesystem-SLES15-SP1-Upadates | SLE-Module-Basesystem-SLES15-SP1-Upadates | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
3 | SLE-Module-Legacy-SLES15-SP1-Pool | SLE-Module-Legacy-SLES15-SP1-Pool | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
4 | SLE-Module-Legacy-SLES15-SP1-Updates | SLE-Module-Legacy-SLES15-SP1-Updates | Yes | ( p) Yes | No
5 | SLE-Module-Server-Applications-SLES15-SP1-Pool | SLE-Module-Server-Applications-SLES15-SP1-Pool | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
6 | SLE-Module-Server-Applications-SLES15-SP1-Upadates | SLE-Module-Server-Applications-SLES15-SP1-Upadates | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
7 | SLE-Product-SLES15-SP1-Pool | SLE-Product-SLES15-SP1-Pool | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
8 | SLE-Product-SLES15-SP1-Updates | SLE-Product-SLES15-SP1-Updates | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
9 | SUSE-Enterprise-Storage-6-Pool | SUSE-Enterprise-Storage-6-Pool | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
10 | SUSE-Enterprise-Storage-6-Updates | SUSE-Enterprise-Storage-6-Updates | Yes | (r ) Yes | No
（3）hosts文件
192.168.2.39 admin.example.com admin
192.168.2.40 node001.example.com node001
192.168.2.41 node002.example.com node002
192.168.2.42 node003.example.com node003
192.168.2.43 node004.example.com node004
192.168.2.44 node005.example.com node005
3、安装 satlt-minion
- node004节点
zypper -n in salt-minion
sed -i '17i\master: 192.168.2.39' /etc/salt/minion
systemctl restart salt-minion.service
systemctl enable salt-minion.service
systemctl status salt-minion.service
- admin节点
# salt-key
Accepted Keys:
admin.example.com
node001.example.com
node002.example.com
node003.example.com
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
node004.example.com <==== 新加节点
Rejected Keys:
- 接受key
# salt-key -A
- 测试node004
# salt "node004*" test.ping
node004.example.com:
True
4、预防集群数据平衡
- 以前增加节点的时候，一直使用norebalance方式来预防数据平衡，这种方式比较简单粗暴，（不建议使用）
# ceph osd set norebalance
norebalance is set
admin:/etc/salt/pki/master # ceph -s
cluster:
id: f7b451b3-4a4c--a4ef-4b5359242a92
health: HEALTH_WARN
norebalance flag(s) set
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum node001,node002,node003 (age 2h)
mgr: node001(active, since 2h), standbys: node002, node003
osd: 6 osds: 6 up (since 2h), 6 in (since 24h)
flags norebalance data:
pools: 0 pools, 0 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage: 12 GiB used, 48 GiB / 60 GiB avail
pgs:
- 建议使用 “osd_crush_initial_weight”参数，结合salt工具批量执行
（1）新建 global.conf 文件（admin节点）
# vim /srv/salt/ceph/configuration/files/ceph.conf.d/global.conf
osd_crush_initial_weight =
（2）创建新配置文件（admin节点）
# salt '*' state.apply ceph.configuration.create
注意：执行时有报错，可忽略
node003.example.com:
Name: /var/cache/salt/minion/files/base/ceph/configuration - Function: file.absent -
Result: Changed Started: - ::45.362265 Duration: 22.133 ms
----------
ID: /srv/salt/ceph/configuration/cache/ceph.conf
Function: file.managed
Result: False
Comment: Unable to manage file: Jinja error: 'select.minions'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-pack
（3）执行新配置文件，并且只在node001 node002 node003节点上生效 （admin节点）
# salt 'node00[1-3]*' state.apply ceph.configuration
（4）检查个节点配置文件 （node001,node002,node003）
# cat /etc/ceph/ceph.conf
osd crush initial weight =
5、执行stage0 1 2 （admin节点）
# salt-run state.orch ceph.stage.
# salt-run state.orch ceph.stage.
# salt-run state.orch ceph.stage.
# salt 'node004*' pillar.items # 查看pillar设置是否正确
public_network:
192.168.2.0/
roles:
- storage # 仅仅是 storage 角色
time_server:
admin.example.com
6、检查生成 OSD 报告（admin节点）
# salt-run disks.report
node004.example.com:
|_
-
-
Total OSDs: Solid State VG:
Targets: block.db Total size: 19.00 GB
Total LVs: Size per LV: 1.86 GB
Devices: /dev/nvme0n2 Type Path LV Size % of device
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
[data] /dev/sdb 9.00 GB 100.0%
[block.db] vg: vg/lv 1.86 GB %
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
[data] /dev/sdc 9.00 GB 100.0%
[block.db] vg: vg/lv 1.86 GB %
7、运行stage3, 把node004节点添加进来，并自动创建OSD （admin节点）
# salt-run state.orch ceph.stage.
8、执行后检查集群OSD状态 （admin节点）
可以发现新增节点权重都是0，这是由于之前配置的“osd_crush_initial_weight”参数，预防新增节点或磁盘进来时进行数据平衡。
# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
- 0.05878 root default
- 0.01959 host node001
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node002
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node003
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- host node004
hdd 0 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000 <=== 新增节点OSD权重为0
hdd 0 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
9、手动增加OSD磁盘权重 （admin节点）
注意：生产环境请在变更时间执行，执行时会数据平衡，影响读写。当然也可以通过Ceph参数或QOS来控制读写速率，后续文档中会提到。
# ceph osd crush reweight osd. 0.00980
# ceph osd crush reweight osd. 0.00980
# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
- 0.07837 root default
- 0.01959 host node001
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node002
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node003
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node004
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
三、增加 OSD 磁盘操作
1、首先我们通过 VMware workstation 的虚拟机 node004 节点上添加一块10G大小的磁盘
2、开启虚拟机后，node004主机终端中查看新增磁盘
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda : 20G disk
├─sda1 : 1G part /boot
└─sda2 : 19G part
├─vgoo-lvroot : 17G lvm /
└─vgoo-lvswap : 2G lvm [SWAP]
sdb : 10G disk
└─ceph--block--0515f9d7----46a5-- : 9G lvm
sdc : 10G disk
└─ceph--block--9f7394b2--3ad3--4cd8-- : 9G lvm
sdd : 10G disk <== 新增磁盘
sr0 : 1024M rom
nvme0n1 : 20G disk
nvme0n2 : 20G disk
├─ceph--block--dbs--57d07a01---- : 1G lvm
└─ceph--block--dbs--57d07a01---- : 1G lvm
nvme0n3 : 20G disk
3、查看 VG LV 信息
# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize
osd-block-9a914f7d-ae9c-451a-ac7e-bcb6cb1fc926 ceph-block-0515f9d7-3407-46a5-be68-db80fc789dcc -wi-ao---- 9.00g
osd-block-79f5920f-b41c-4dd0-94e9-dc85dbb2e7e4 ceph-block-9f7394b2-3ad3-4cd8-8267-7e5993af1271 -wi-ao---- 9.00g
osd-block-db-2244293e-ca96-4847-a5cb-9112f59836fa ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01-4440-4892-b44c-eae536613586 -wi-ao---- 1.00g
osd-block-db-2b295cc9-caff-45ad-a179-d7e3ba46a39d ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01-4440-4892-b44c-eae536613586 -wi-ao---- 1.00g
osd-block-db-test ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01-4440-4892-b44c-eae536613586 -wi-a----- 2.00g
lvroot vgoo -wi-ao---- 17.00g
lvswap vgoo -wi-ao---- 2.00g
4、创建 OSD 磁盘的 VG 和 LV
# vgcreate ceph-block- /dev/sdd
# lvcreate -l %FREE -n block- ceph-block-
5、在已在nvme0n2磁盘上创建的 VG 上创建 LV
我们从第3个步骤中可以看到，nvme0n2磁盘已经被 VG ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01-4440-4892-b44c-eae536613586所使用，我们要在该VG上创建LV，因为一般一块PCIE SSD磁盘可以承担10块OSD数据磁盘，作为他们WAL和DB加速磁盘使用。
# lvcreate -L 2GB -n db- ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01---b44c-eae536613586
6、显示 VG LV 信息
# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize
block-0 ceph-block-0 -wi-a----- 10.00g
osd-block-9a914f7d-ae9c-451a-ac7e-bcb6cb1fc926 ceph-block-0515f9d7-3407-46a5-be68-db80fc789dcc -wi-ao---- 9.00g
osd-block-79f5920f-b41c-4dd0-94e9-dc85dbb2e7e4 ceph-block-9f7394b2-3ad3-4cd8-8267-7e5993af1271 -wi-ao---- 9.00g
db-0 ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01-4440-4892-b44c-eae536613586 -wi-a----- 2.00g
osd-block-db-2244293e-ca96-4847-a5cb-9112f59836fa ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01-4440-4892-b44c-eae536613586 -wi-ao---- 1.00g
osd-block-db-2b295cc9-caff-45ad-a179-d7e3ba46a39d ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01-4440-4892-b44c-eae536613586 -wi-ao---- 1.00g
lvroot vgoo -wi-ao---- 17.00g
lvswap vgoo -wi-ao---- 2.00g
7、使用 ceph-volume 方式创建
- 这次我们通过另一种方式来创建，而不是使用 drive group 方式，因为你需要了解到一旦自动化工具出现问题时如何处理和创建OSD
# ceph-volume lvm create --bluestore --data ceph-block-/block- --block.db ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01---b44c-eae536613586/db-
- 管理节点上，查看OSD输出信息
# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
- 0.07837 root default
- 0.01959 host node001
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node002
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node003
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node004
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd osd. up 1.00000 1.00000 <==== 可以看到 osd.8 被创建出来
8、设置权重
注意：生产环境操作时，会数据平衡会影响到读写性能。
# ceph osd crush reweight osd. 0.00980
# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
- 0.08817 root default
- 0.01959 host node001
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node002
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node003
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.02939 host node004
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
四、删除OSD磁盘
语法： salt-run osd.remove OSD_ID
1、批量删除 node004 节点上 OSD.7 OSD.8
admin:~ # ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
- 0.08817 root default
- 0.01959 host node001
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node002
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node003
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.02939 host node004
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
admin:~ # salt-run osd.remove
Removing osd on host node004.example.com
Draining the OSD
Waiting for ceph to catch up.
osd. is safe to destroy
Purging from the crushmap
Zapping the device Removing osd on host node004.example.com
Draining the OSD
Waiting for ceph to catch up.
osd. is safe to destroy
Purging from the crushmap
Zapping the device
2、显示 osd 信息，node004主机上 osd.7 和 osd.8 已被删除
admin:~ # ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
- 0.06857 root default
- 0.01959 host node001
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node002
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node003
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.00980 host node004
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
3、删除 OSD 其他命令
（1）删除节点上所有osd
# salt-run osd.remove OSD_HOST_NAME
（2）当 WAL 或 DB 设备损坏时，移除破损的磁盘
# salt-run osd.remove OSD_ID force=True
四、减少集群节点
从集群中移出node004 osd节点，移除前请确保集群有足够的空间容纳node004上的数据
1、手动方式
（1）管理节点查看 OSD 信息
# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
- 0.06857 root default
- 0.01959 host node001
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node002
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node003
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.00980 host node004
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
（2）node004 节点上停止OSD服务
# systemctl stop ceph-osd@.service
# systemctl stop ceph-osd.target
（3）node004 节点上，卸载挂载目录
# umount /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-
（4）admin节点上，移除OSD
# ceph osd out
# ceph osd crush remove osd.
# ceph osd rm osd.
# ceph auth del osd.
（5）admin节点上，从CRUSH MAP上移除节点信息
# ceph osd crush rm node004
（6）检查集群是否清理干净node004
# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT TYPE NAME STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
- 0.05878 root default
- 0.01959 host node001
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node002
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
- 0.01959 host node003
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
hdd 0.00980 osd. up 1.00000 1.00000
（7）node004节点，删除所有相关 VG LV 信息
- 查看node004节点 VG LV 信息
node004:~ # vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
ceph-block-0515f9d7--46a5-be68-db80fc789dcc wz--n- .00g
ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01---b44c-eae536613586 wz--n- .00g .00g
vg00 wz--n- .00g 0
node004:~ # lvs
LV VG Attr LSize
osd-block-9a914f7d-ae9c-451a-ac7e-bcb6cb1fc926 ceph-block-0515f9d7-3407-46a5-be68-db80fc789dcc -wi-a----- 9.00g
osd-block-db-2b295cc9-caff-45ad-a179-d7e3ba46a39d ceph-block-dbs-57d07a01-4440-4892-b44c-eae536613586 -wi-a----- 1.00g
lvroot vg00 -wi-ao---- 17.00g
lvswap vg00 -wi-ao---- 2.00g
- 删除相关VG LV
# for i in `vgs | grep ceph- | awk '{ print $1 }'`; do vgremove -f $i; done
- 删除后查看VG LV 信息
node004:~ # lvs
LV VG Attr LSize
lvroot vg00 -wi-ao---- .00g
lvswap vg00 -wi-ao---- .00g
node004:~ # vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg00 wz--n- .00g
2、DeepSea 方式
（1）管理节点上修改 policy.cfg 文件
vim /srv/pillar/ceph/proposals/policy.cfg
## Cluster Assignment
#cluster-ceph/cluster/*.sls <=== 注释掉
cluster-ceph/cluster/node00[1-3]*.sls <=== 匹配 target
cluster-ceph/cluster/admin*.sls <=== 匹配 target ## Roles
# ADMIN
role-master/cluster/admin*.sls
role-admin/cluster/admin*.sls # Monitoring
role-prometheus/cluster/admin*.sls
role-grafana/cluster/admin*.sls # MON
role-mon/cluster/node00[1-3]*.sls # MGR (mgrs are usually colocated with mons)
role-mgr/cluster/node00[1-3]*.sls # COMMON
config/stack/default/global.yml
config/stack/default/ceph/cluster.yml # Storage # 定义为 storage 角色
#role-storage/cluster/node00*.sls <=== 注释掉
role-storage/cluster/node00[1-3]*.sls <=== 匹配 target
（2）修改 drive_group.yml 文件
# vim /srv/salt/ceph/configuration/files/drive_groups.yml
# This is the default configuration and
# will create an OSD on all available drives
drive_group_hdd_nvme:
target: 'node00[1-3]*' <== 匹配 target
data_devices:
size: '9GB:12GB'
db_devices:
rotational:
limit:
block_db_size: '2G'
（3）执行salt命令，stage2和stage5
# salt-run state.orch ceph.stage.
# salt-run state.orch ceph.stage.
