【已实测通过】JavaMail常用的几种邮件发送方式

时间：2021-01-31 18:08:38


【我的Segmfault原文】https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000008114373


前言

  关于JavaMail发送邮件的代码，网上随便搜搜就可以找到，但是要么写得简单且没有注释解释，要么写得复杂又非常杂乱。由于项目需要，花了一段时间搜集网上各类案例，熟悉JavaMail邮件发送涉及的配置，取其精华去其糟粕。在功能测试正常可用的前提下，对代码的排版和注释进行梳理调整，提炼出符合自己要求的功能代码，现将它分享给大家，希望大家少走弯路，提高开发效率。代码测试过程出现的问题，请参看《JavaMail邮件发送成功但未收到邮件的问题及解决办法》和《使用geronimo-javamail_1.4发送邮件的有关说明》分析解决。

主要类及功能

1、EmailAuthenticator类：继承Authenticator类的账号密码验证器，主要用于创建邮件会话时调用。
2、EmailSendInfo类：邮件参数信息设置，参数包括账号、密码、SMTP服务器地址和服务端口等。
3、EmailSender类：电子邮件发送器，包含各种邮件发送方法，如文本形式、HTML形式和含附件形式等。
注：请到Oracle官网下载JavaMail的jar包，提供以下参考下载地址：

http://www.oracle.com/technet...
https://java.net/projects/jav...

EmailAuthenticator类

import javax.mail.*;   

public class EmailAuthenticator extends Authenticator{   

private String userName;   
private String password;   

public EmailAuthenticator(){}   

public EmailAuthenticator(String username, String password) {    
this.userName = username;    
this.password = password;    
    }    

protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){   
return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);   
    }

public String getUserName() {
return userName;
    }

public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
    }

public String getPassword() {
return password;
    }

public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
    }   

}

EmailSendInfo类

import java.util.Properties;

public class EmailSendInfo {

// 发送邮件的服务器的IP和端口
private String mailServerHost;
private String mailServerPort = "25";
// 邮件发送者的地址
private String fromAddress;
// 邮件接收者的地址
private String toAddress;
// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名和密码
private String userName;
private String password;
// 是否需要身份验证
private boolean validate = false;
// 邮件主题
private String subject;
// 邮件的文本内容
private String content;
// 邮件附件的文件名
private String[] attachFileNames;

/**
 * 获得邮件会话属性
 */
public Properties getProperties() {
        Properties p = new Properties();
        p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);
        p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);
        p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");
return p;
    }

public String getMailServerHost() {
return mailServerHost;
    }

public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {
this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;
    }

public String getMailServerPort() {
return mailServerPort;
    }

public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {
this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;
    }

public boolean isValidate() {
return validate;
    }

public void setValidate(boolean validate) {
this.validate = validate;
    }

public String[] getAttachFileNames() {
return attachFileNames;
    }

public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {
this.attachFileNames = fileNames;
    }

public String getFromAddress() {
return fromAddress;
    }

public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {
this.fromAddress = fromAddress;
    }

public String getPassword() {
return password;
    }

public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
    }

public String getToAddress() {
return toAddress;
    }

public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {
this.toAddress = toAddress;
    }

public String getUserName() {
return userName;
    }

public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
    }

public String getSubject() {
return subject;
    }

public void setSubject(String subject) {
this.subject = subject;
    }

public String getContent() {
return content;
    }

public void setContent(String textContent) {
this.content = textContent;
    }
}

EmailSender类

  为了方面大家阅读，我将EmailSender类的内容进行了拆分，测试使用只需要将下面内容组合就可。其中main方法中的部分参数信息需要自行设置，请勿直接粘贴测试。

import配置

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

用于测试的main方法

public static void main(String[] args) {
String fromaddr = "XXX@sohu.com";
String toaddr = "XXX@sohu.com";
// String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-TEXT";
// String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-HTML";
// String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-eml文件";
String title = "【测试标题】Testing Subject-myself-eml文件_含多个附件";
String content = "【测试内容】Hello, this is sample for to check send email using JavaMailAPI ";
String port = "25";
String host = "smtp.sohu.com";
String userName = "XXX@sohu.com";
String password = "XXX";

    EmailSendInfo mailInfo = new EmailSendInfo();
     mailInfo.setMailServerHost(host);     
     mailInfo.setMailServerPort(port);    
     mailInfo.setValidate(true); 
     mailInfo.setUserName(userName);    
     mailInfo.setPassword(password);
     mailInfo.setFromAddress(fromaddr);    
     mailInfo.setToAddress(toaddr);    
     mailInfo.setSubject(title);    
     mailInfo.setContent(content);
     mailInfo.setAttachFileNames(new String[]{"file/XXX.jpg","file/XXX.txt"});

//发送文体格式邮件
// EmailSender.sendTextMail(mailInfo);
//发送html格式邮件
// EmailSender.sendHtmlMail(mailInfo); 
//发送含附件的邮件
     EmailSender.sendAttachmentMail(mailInfo);
//读取eml文件发送
// File emailFile = new File("file/EML_myself-eml.eml");
// File emailFile = new File("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含文本附件.eml");
// File emailFile = new File("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含图片附件.eml");
// File emailFile = new File("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含多个附件.eml");
// EmailSender.sendMail(mailInfo, emailFile);
}

以文本格式发送邮件

public static boolean sendTextMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo) {   
    boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态
// 判断是否需要身份认证 
    EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;    
    Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {    
// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器 
      authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());    
    }   
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session 
    Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, authenticator);    
//【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式
    sendMailSession.setDebug(true);
try {    
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息 
        MimeMessage  mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);    
// 创建邮件发送者地址 
        Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());    
// 设置邮件消息的发送者 
        mailMessage.setFrom(from);    
// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中 
        Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());    
        mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);    
// 设置邮件消息的主题 
        mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject(), "UTF-8");
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间 
        mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());    
// 设置邮件消息的主要内容 
        String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();    
        mailMessage.setText(mailContent, "UTF-8"); 
// mailMessage.saveChanges(); 

//生成邮件文件
        createEmailFile("file/EML_myself-TEXT.eml", mailMessage); 

// 发送邮件 
        Transport.send(mailMessage);   
        sendStatus = true;    
    } catch (MessagingException ex) {    
          LOG.error("以文本格式发送邮件出现异常", ex);
return sendStatus;
    }    
return sendStatus;    
}

以HTML格式发送邮件

public static boolean sendHtmlMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo){   
    boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态
// 判断是否需要身份认证 
    EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;   
    Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();   
//如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器 
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {    
      authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());   
    }    
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session 
    Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro,authenticator);  
//【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式
    sendMailSession.setDebug(true);
try {    
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息 
        Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);    
// 创建邮件发送者地址 
        Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());    
// 设置邮件消息的发送者 
        mailMessage.setFrom(from);    
// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中 
        Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());    
// Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO 
        mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);    
// 设置邮件消息的主题 
        mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());    
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间 
        mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());    
// 设置邮件内容
        mailMessage.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html;charset=utf-8");

//生成邮件文件
        createEmailFile("file/EML_myself-HTML.eml", mailMessage);

// 发送邮件 
        Transport.send(mailMessage);    
        sendStatus = true;    
    } catch (MessagingException ex) {    
        LOG.error("以HTML格式发送邮件出现异常", ex);    
return sendStatus;
    }    
return sendStatus;    
}

读取eml文件后发送邮件

public static boolean sendMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo, File emailFile) {
boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态
// 判断是否需要身份认证 
    EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;    
    Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {    
// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器 
      authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());    
    }   
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session 
    Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, authenticator);    
//【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式
    sendMailSession.setDebug(true);
try {    
        InputStream source = new FileInputStream(emailFile);
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息 
         Message  mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession, source);    
// 发送邮件 
        Transport.send(mailMessage);   
//【重要】关闭输入流，否则会导致文件无法移动或删除
        source.close();
        sendStatus = true;    
    } catch (MessagingException e) {    
          LOG.error("以文本格式发送邮件出现异常", e);
return sendStatus;
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        LOG.error("FileNotFoundException", e);
return sendStatus;   
    } catch (Exception e) {
        LOG.error("Exception", e);
return sendStatus;
    }
return sendStatus;    
}

以含附件形式发送邮件

public static boolean sendAttachmentMail(EmailSendInfo mailInfo) {
    boolean sendStatus = false;//发送状态
// 判断是否需要身份认证 
    EmailAuthenticator authenticator = null;    
    Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {    
// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器 
      authenticator = new EmailAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());    
    }   
// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session 
    Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, authenticator);    
//【调试时使用】开启Session的debug模式
    sendMailSession.setDebug(true);
try {    
// 根据session创建一个邮件消息 
        MimeMessage  mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);    
// 创建邮件发送者地址 
        Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());    
// 设置邮件消息的发送者 
        mailMessage.setFrom(from);    
// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中 
        Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());    
        mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);    
// 设置邮件消息的主题 
        mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject(), "UTF-8");
// 设置邮件消息发送的时间 
        mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());    
// 设置邮件消息的主要内容 
        String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();   
// MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象 
        Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();    
// 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart 
        BodyPart bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();    
//设置TEXT内容
// bodyPart.setText(mailInfo.getContent());
// 设置HTML内容 
        bodyPart.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");    
        mainPart.addBodyPart(bodyPart);    
//设置附件
         String[] filenames = mailInfo.getAttachFileNames();
for (int i = 0; i < filenames.length; i++) {
// Part two is attachment 
             bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();  
             String filename = filenames[i];//1.txt/sohu_mail.jpg
// DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename); 
             FileDataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename); 
             bodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));  
             bodyPart.setFileName(source.getName());  
             mainPart.addBodyPart(bodyPart);  
        }
// 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容 
        mailMessage.setContent(mainPart); 

//生成邮件文件
        createEmailFile("file/EML_reademl-eml文件_含多个附件.eml", mailMessage); 

// 发送邮件 
        Transport.send(mailMessage);   
        sendStatus = true;    
    } catch (MessagingException ex) {    
          LOG.error("以文本格式发送邮件出现异常", ex);
return sendStatus;
    }    
return sendStatus;    
}

生成邮件文件

public static void createEmailFile(String fileName, Message mailMessage)
throws MessagingException {

    File f = new File(fileName); 
try {
        mailMessage.writeTo(new FileOutputStream(f));
    } catch (IOException e) {
        LOG.error("IOException", e);  
    }
}


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