转自：http://blog.163.com/code_fantasitic0/blog/static/187050004201210210105728/
linux c 下线程池
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <assert.h>
/*
*线程池里所有运行和等待的任务都是一个CThread_worker
*由于所有任务都在链表里，所以是一个链表结构
*/
typedef struct worker
{
/*回调函数，任务运行时会调用此函数，注意也可声明成其它形式*/
void *(*process) (void *arg);
void *arg;/*回调函数的参数*/
struct worker *next;
} CThread_worker;
/*线程池结构*/
typedef struct
{
pthread_mutex_t queue_lock;
pthread_cond_t queue_ready;
/*链表结构，线程池中所有等待任务*/
CThread_worker *queue_head;
/*是否销毁线程池*/
int shutdown;
pthread_t *threadid;
/*线程池中允许的活动线程数目*/
int max_thread_num;
/*当前等待队列的任务数目*/
int cur_queue_size;
} CThread_pool;
int pool_add_worker (void *(*process) (void *arg), void *arg);
void *thread_routine (void *arg);
static CThread_pool *pool = NULL;
void
pool_init (int max_thread_num)
{
pool = (CThread_pool *) malloc (sizeof (CThread_pool));
pthread_mutex_init (&(pool->queue_lock), NULL);
pthread_cond_init (&(pool->queue_ready), NULL);
pool->queue_head = NULL;
pool->max_thread_num = max_thread_num;
pool->cur_queue_size = 0;
pool->shutdown = 0;
pool->threadid =
(pthread_t *) malloc (max_thread_num * sizeof (pthread_t));
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < max_thread_num; i++)
{
pthread_create (&(pool->threadid[i]), NULL, thread_routine,
NULL);
}
}
/*向线程池中加入任务*/
int
pool_add_worker (void *(*process) (void *arg), void *arg)
{
/*构造一个新任务*/
CThread_worker *newworker =
(CThread_worker *) malloc (sizeof (CThread_worker));
newworker->process = process;
newworker->arg = arg;
newworker->next = NULL;/*别忘置空*/
pthread_mutex_lock (&(pool->queue_lock));
/*将任务加入到等待队列中*/
CThread_worker *member = pool->queue_head;
if (member != NULL)
{
while (member->next != NULL)
member = member->next;
member->next = newworker;
}
else
{
pool->queue_head = newworker;
}
assert (pool->queue_head != NULL);
pool->cur_queue_size++;
pthread_mutex_unlock (&(pool->queue_lock));
/*好了，等待队列中有任务了，唤醒一个等待线程；
注意如果所有线程都在忙碌，这句没有任何作用*/
pthread_cond_signal (&(pool->queue_ready));
return 0;
}
/*销毁线程池，等待队列中的任务不会再被执行，但是正在运行的线程会一直
把任务运行完后再退出*/
int
pool_destroy ()
{
if (pool->shutdown)
return -1;/*防止两次调用*/
pool->shutdown = 1;
/*唤醒所有等待线程，线程池要销毁了*/
pthread_cond_broadcast (&(pool->queue_ready));
/*阻塞等待线程退出，否则就成僵尸了*/
int i;
for (i = 0; i < pool->max_thread_num; i++)
pthread_join (pool->threadid[i], NULL);
free (pool->threadid);
/*销毁等待队列*/
CThread_worker *head = NULL;
while (pool->queue_head != NULL)
{
head = pool->queue_head;
pool->queue_head = pool->queue_head->next;
free (head);
}
/*条件变量和互斥量也别忘了销毁*/
pthread_mutex_destroy(&(pool->queue_lock));
pthread_cond_destroy(&(pool->queue_ready));
free (pool);
/*销毁后指针置空是个好习惯*/
pool=NULL;
return 0;
}
void *
thread_routine (void *arg)
{
printf ("starting thread 0x%x\n", pthread_self ());
while (1)
{
pthread_mutex_lock (&(pool->queue_lock));
/*如果等待队列为0并且不销毁线程池，则处于阻塞状态; 注意
pthread_cond_wait是一个原子操作，等待前会解锁，唤醒后会加锁*/
while (pool->cur_queue_size == 0 && !pool->shutdown)
{
printf ("thread 0x%x is waiting\n", pthread_self ());
pthread_cond_wait (&(pool->queue_ready), &(pool->queue_lock));
}
/*线程池要销毁了*/
if (pool->shutdown)
{
/*遇到break,continue,return等跳转语句，千万不要忘记先解锁*/
pthread_mutex_unlock (&(pool->queue_lock));
printf ("thread 0x%x will exit\n", pthread_self ());
pthread_exit (NULL);
}
printf ("thread 0x%x is starting to work\n", pthread_self ());
/*assert是调试的好帮手*/
assert (pool->cur_queue_size != 0);
assert (pool->queue_head != NULL);
/*等待队列长度减去1，并取出链表中的头元素*/
pool->cur_queue_size--;
CThread_worker *worker = pool->queue_head;
pool->queue_head = worker->next;
pthread_mutex_unlock (&(pool->queue_lock));
/*调用回调函数，执行任务*/
(*(worker->process)) (worker->arg);
free (worker);
worker = NULL;
}
/*这一句应该是不可达的*/
pthread_exit (NULL);
}
//下面是测试代码
void *
myprocess (void *arg)
{
printf ("threadid is 0x%x, working on task %d\n", pthread_self (),*(int *) arg);
sleep (1);/*休息一秒，延长任务的执行时间*/
return NULL;
}
int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
pool_init (3);/*线程池中最多三个活动线程*/
/*连续向池中投入10个任务*/
int *workingnum = (int *) malloc (sizeof (int) * 10);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
workingnum[i] = i;
pool_add_worker (myprocess, &workingnum[i]);
}
/*等待所有任务完成*/
sleep (5);
/*销毁线程池*/
pool_destroy ();
free (workingnum);
return 0;
}