java 16进制与字符串直接相互转换
CreationTime--2018年7月12日09点39分
Author:Marydon
1.16进制转换成字符串
/** * 16进制直接转换成为字符串 * @explain * @param hexStr 16进制字符串 * @return String (字符集:UTF-8) */ public static String fromHexString(String hexString) throws Exception { // 用于接收转换结果 String result = ""; // 转大写 hexString = hexString.toUpperCase(); // 16进制字符 String hexDigital = "0123456789ABCDEF"; // 将16进制字符串转换成char数组 char[] hexs = hexString.toCharArray(); // 能被16整除,肯定可以被2整除 byte[] bytes = new byte[hexString.length() / 2]; int n; for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) { n = hexDigital.indexOf(hexs[2 * i]) * 16 + hexDigital.indexOf(hexs[2 * i + 1]); bytes[i] = (byte) (n & 0xff); } // byte[]-->String result = new String(bytes, "UTF-8"); return result; }
2.字符串转换成大写的16进制字符串
/** * 字符串转换成为16进制字符串(大写) * @explain 因为java转义字符串在java中有着特殊的意义, * 所以当字符串中包含转义字符串,并将其转换成16进制后,16进制再转成String时,会出问题: * java会将其当做转义字符串所代表的含义解析出来 * @param str 字符串(去除java转义字符) * @return 16进制字符串 * @throws Exception */ public static String toHexString(String str) throws Exception { // 用于接收转换结果 String hexString = ""; // 1.校验是否包含特殊字符内容 // java特殊转义符 // String[] escapeArray = {"\b","\t","\n","\f","\r","\'","\"","\\"}; String[] escapeArray = {"\b","\t","\n","\f","\r"}; // 用于校验参数是否包含特殊转义符 boolean flag = false; // 迭代 for (String esacapeStr : escapeArray) { // 一真则真 if (str.contains(esacapeStr)) { flag = true; break;// 终止循环 } } // 包含特殊字符 if (flag) throw new Exception("参数字符串不能包含转义字符!"); // 16进制字符 char[] hexArray = {'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F'}; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); // String-->byte[] byte[] bs = str.getBytes(); int bit; for (int i = 0; i < bs.length; i++) { bit = (bs[i] & 0x0f0) >> 4; sb.append(hexArray[bit]); bit = bs[i] & 0x0f; sb.append(hexArray[bit]); } hexString = sb.toString(); return hexString; }
3.测试
/** * * @explain * @param args * @throws Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // 其中,\'\"\\ 实际字符串代表:'"\ String str = "张三&$李四((、,//\'\"\\‘’“”+-*/!!~.。=——??;;"; String hexStr = toHexString(str); System.out.println(hexStr); System.out.println(fromHexString(hexStr)); }
4.说明
要想将特殊转义符当作字符串来正常解析,需要自己再手动进行转义,比如:
// 输出\\ String str = "\\\\"; String hexStr = toHexString(str); System.out.println(hexStr); System.out.println(fromHexString(hexStr)); // 输出\n str = "\\n"; hexStr = toHexString(str); System.out.println(hexStr); System.out.println(fromHexString(hexStr));
toHexString()方法中,调用的contains(param)方法,不需要转义,而是将param当作纯字符串来解析,所以能校验通过!