【Python】iichats —— 命令行下的局域网聊天程序

转载请声明出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/kevince/p/3941728.html   ——By Kevince

ii系列工具第三弹，命令行下的局域网聊天程序

原理：

程序启动时向全网(255.255.255.255)BACKPORT端口广播自己的主机名以及状态（上线）。

如果接受收到的上线状态，则将其加入通信列表，同时返还一个数据包，使自己也将对面加入其通信列表。

程序退出时向全网广播自己的下线状态，如果收到该下线状态则将其从自己的通信列表中删除

为了防止在输入过程中被新输出的消息打断，可以用readlines中的get_line_buffer函数获取缓冲区内的字符并储存，清空原先行，输出新结果，并在下面输出刚刚输入的内容（可用curses改进，to be continued...）

缺陷：

使用UDP协议，未添加消息到达确认机制；

跨平台支持需要修改代码(readlines只支持linux, windows下要用pyreadline,MAC OS要用edlitline来代替)

实用性不强，功能单一，学习程序

未能实现GUI图形界面的开发（目前还木有学会……）

刚学Python没多久 且开发仓促，有Bug还请多多指教～

 

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf8
#python 2.7.6

import threading
import socket
import time
import os
import sys
import signal
from readline import get_line_buffer
BUFSIZE = 1024
BACKPORT = 7789     #状态监听端口
CHATPORT = 7788     #聊天信息发送窗口
START = '>>'
INIT = '>>'
users = {}
ips = {} 
#起到双向字典的作用，ip和name互相映射

#数据处理类（消息封装、分解）
class Data(): 
    def gettime(self):
        return time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M', time.localtime(time.time()))
    def getip(self):
        ip = os.popen("/sbin/ifconfig | grep 'inet addr' | awk '{print $2}'").read()
        ip = ip[ip.find(':')+1:ip.find('\n')]
        return ip
    def handlebc(self, data):
        data = data[5:]
        res = data.split('#opt:')
        return res
    def makebc(self, name, switch):
        data = 'name:%s#opt:%d' % (name, switch)
        return data
    def handlechat(self, data):
        msg = '\n' + self.gettime() + '\n' +'from '+ data + '\n'
        return msg
    def makechat(self, data, name):
        return name + ':' + data

#后台监听类
class Back(threading.Thread): 
    def __init__(self):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.data = Data()
        self.addrb = ('255.255.255.255', BACKPORT)
        self.addrl = ('', BACKPORT)
        self.name = socket.gethostname()
        self.ip = self.data.getip()
        self.thread_stop = False
    def status(self, name, switch):
        if switch == 0:
            status = 'offline'
        elif switch == 1:
            status = 'online'
        #用来处理输入过程中被线程返回消息打乱的情况
        if outmutex.acquire(1):
            sys.stdout.write('\r'+' '*(len(get_line_buffer())+len(START))+'\r')
            print '[status] '+name+' '+status
            sys.stdout.write(START+get_line_buffer())
            sys.stdout.flush()
            outmutex.release()
    def broadcast(self, switch):
        bsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
        bsock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_BROADCAST, 1)
        data = self.data.makebc(self.name, switch)
        bsock.sendto(data, self.addrb)
        bsock.close()
    def response(self, addr, switch):
        rsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
        data = self.data.makebc(self.name, switch)
        rsock.sendto(data, (addr, BACKPORT))
        rsock.close()
    def check(self):
        if usermutex.acquire():
            ips.clear()
            users.clear()
            usermutex.release()
        self.broadcast(1)
    def    run(self):
        lsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
        lsock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        lsock.bind(self.addrl)
        self.broadcast(1)
        while not self.thread_stop:
            data, addr = lsock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)
            datalist = self.data.handlebc(data)
            if usermutex.acquire(1):
                if datalist[1] == '0':
                    if ips.has_key(addr[0]):
                        if anoun == 1:
                            self.status(datalist[0], 0)
                        del ips[addr[0]]
                        del users[datalist[0]]
                elif datalist[1] == '1':
                    if anoun == 1 and datalist[0] != self.name:
                        self.status(datalist[0], 1)
                    users[datalist[0]] = addr[0]
                    ips[addr[0]] = datalist[0]
                    self.response(addr[0], 2)
                elif datalist[1] == '2':
                    if anoun == 1 and datalist[0] != self.name:
                        self.status(datalist[0], 1)
                    users[datalist[0]] = addr[0]
                    ips[addr[0]] = datalist[0]
                usermutex.release()
        lsock.close()
    def stop(self):
        self.broadcast(0)
        self.thread_stop = True

#聊天类
class Listen(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.addr = ('', CHATPORT)
        self.name = socket.getfqdn(socket.gethostname())
        self.data = Data()
        self.thread_stop = False
    def ans(self, addr):#to be added 用来确认消息报的接受
        return
    def run(self):
        lsock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
        lsock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        lsock.bind(self.addr)
        while not self.thread_stop:
            data, addr = lsock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)
            msg = self.data.handlechat(data)
            if outmutex.acquire(1):
                sys.stdout.write('\r'+' '*(len(get_line_buffer())+len(START))+'\r')
                print msg
                sys.stdout.write(START+get_line_buffer())
                sys.stdout.flush()
                outmutex.release()
        lsock.close()
    def stop(self):
        self.thread_stop = True

#启动入口类
class Start(): 
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = socket.getfqdn(socket.gethostname())
        self.data = Data()
        self.listen = Listen()
        self.back = Back()
        print '*******   iichats   ********'
        print '     Written by Kevince     \n'
        print 'This is ' + self.name
        print self.data.gettime()+'\n'
    #帮助信息
    def helpinfo(self):     
        if outmutex.acquire(1):
            print "use ':' to use options"
            print "\t:exit\t\t\texit iichats"
            print "\t:list\t\t\tlist online users"
            print "\t:quit\t\t\tquit the chat mode"
            print "\t:chat [hostname]\tchatting to someone"
            print "\t:set status [on|off]\tturn on/of status alarms"
            outmutex.release()
    def refresh(self):
        if outmutex.acquire(1):
            print '\n******Onlinelist******'
            for key in users:
                print key
            print '**********************\n'
            outmutex.release()
    def chatting(self):
        csock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
        if outmutex.acquire(1):
            print "use ':help' to get help information"
            outmutex.release()
        name = ''
        address = ''
        global anoun
        global START
        while True:
            arg = raw_input(START)
            if arg[0:5] == ':quit' and START != INIT:
                name = ''
                address = ''
                START = INIT
            elif arg[0] == ':' and START == INIT:
                if arg[1:] == 'exit':
                    break
                elif arg[1:5] == 'list':
                    self.refresh()
                    continue
                elif arg[1:12] == 'set status ':
                    if arg[12:] == 'on':
                        anoun = 1
                    elif arg[12:] == 'off':
                        anoun = 0
                    continue
                elif arg[1:5] == 'help':
                    self.helpinfo()
                    continue
                elif arg[1:6] == 'check':
                    self.back.check()
                    print 'checking the list...'
                    time.sleep(3)
                    if outmutex.acquire(1):
                        outmutex.release()
                    self.refresh()
                elif arg[1:6] == 'chat ':
                    name = arg[6:]
                    if usermutex.acquire(1):
                        userlist = users.keys()
                        usermutex.release()
                    if name not in userlist:
                        if outmutex.acquire(1):
                            print 'this host does not exist'
                            outmutex.release()
                        continue
                    address = (users.get(name), CHATPORT)
                    if outmutex.acquire(1):
                        print 'now chatting to ' + name+" ,use ':quit' to quit CHAT mode"
                        START = name + INIT
                        outmutex.release()
                else:
                    if outmutex.acquire(1):
                        print "invalid input, use ':help' to get some info"
                        outmutex.release()
            else:
                if not len(address):
                    if outmutex.acquire(1):
                        print "you can CHAT to someone, or use ':help'"
                        outmutex.release()
                    continue
                data = arg
                msg = self.data.makechat(data, self.name)
                csock.sendto(msg, address)
        csock.close()
    def start(self):
        self.back.setDaemon(True)
        self.back.start()
        self.listen.setDaemon(True)
        self.listen.start()
        self.chatting()
        self.back.stop()
        self.listen.stop()
        sys.exit()

usermutex = threading.Lock()
outmutex = threading.Lock()
#控制status on和off的情况
anoun = 1
s = Start()
s.start()