前阵子工作需要,要实现从数据库中导出数据到Excel。老套路 先去百度上查阅资料,发现了以下几种方法:
1:将DataGrid控件中的数据导出Excel
2:将dataview导出excel
3:从网页上用html绘制Excel 表格 等。。
总体上感觉比较繁琐 比如用dataview导出excel时, Excel表格的格式需要在程序中设置,不利于后期的修改维护。而ExcelPackage的优势就是解放了在程序中设置格式的弊端,总体原理为:在相应路径下放置一个Excel模板,执行导出操作时按照模板样式在指定行插入数据,构建出一个模板样式的新Excel。
excelpackage的官网:http://excelpackage.codeplex.com/ ,里面有所需的.dll文件和demo程序。
接下来是我应用Excelpackage导出Excel的小程序,就当抛砖引玉了~ 代码如下:
using System.Collections;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.IO;
using OfficeOpenXml;
namespace twins
{
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
protected void btnExcel_Click( object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// DataTable dt = getData().Tables[0];
FileInfo newFile = new FileInfo(Server.MapPath( " ~/new.xls ")); //生成的Excel,放在根目录下了
string path = Server.MapPath( " ~/template.xls "); //模板Excel,放在根目录下
FileInfo template = new FileInfo(path);
if (!template.Exists)
throw new Exception( " Template file does not exist! ");
using (ExcelPackage xlPackage = new ExcelPackage(newFile, template))
{
// uncomment this line if you want the XML written out to the outputDir
// xlPackage.DebugMode = true;
// get handle to the existing worksheet
ExcelWorksheet worksheet = xlPackage.Workbook.Worksheets[ " student "]; //Excel的sheet1位置
if (worksheet != null)
{
ExcelCell cell;
const int startRow = 3; //开始插入数据的数据行,自行设置
int row = startRow;
using (SqlDataReader sqlReader = getReader())
{
// get the data and fill rows 5 onwards
while (sqlReader.Read())
{
int col = 1;
// we have our total formula on row 7, so push them down so we can insert more data
if (row > startRow) worksheet.InsertRow(row);
// our query has the columns in the right order, so simply
// iterate through the columns
for ( int i = 0; i < sqlReader.FieldCount; i++)
{
// use the email address as a hyperlink for column 1
if (sqlReader.GetName(i) == " EmailAddress ")
{
// insert the email address as a hyperlink for the name
string hyperlink = " mailto: " + sqlReader.GetValue(i).ToString();
worksheet.Cell(row, 1).Hyperlink = new Uri(hyperlink, UriKind.Absolute);
}
else
{
// do not bother filling cell with blank data (also useful if we have a formula in a cell)
if (sqlReader.GetValue(i) != null)
worksheet.Cell(row, col).Value = sqlReader.GetValue(i).ToString();
col++;
}
}
row++;
}
sqlReader.Close();
// delete the two spare rows we have in the template
worksheet.DeleteRow(row, true);
worksheet.DeleteRow(row, true);
row--;
}
//用于设置excel表的格式
for ( int iCol = 1; iCol <= 5; iCol++)
{
cell = worksheet.Cell(startRow, iCol);
for ( int iRow = startRow; iRow <= row; iRow++)
{
worksheet.Cell(iRow, iCol).StyleID = cell.StyleID;
}
}
}
// save the new spreadsheet
try
{
xlPackage.Save(); //保存生成的Excel
}
catch(Exception e3){
}
}
}
protected SqlDataReader getReader()
{
const string connStr = " server=.;database =oz;Integrated Security =true ";
SqlConnection mySqlConnection = new SqlConnection(connStr); // 新建连接对象
string sqlStr = " select name,sex,tel,email,job from student "; // SQL语句
mySqlConnection.Open(); // 打开连接
SqlCommand common = new SqlCommand(sqlStr, mySqlConnection);
SqlDataReader sdr = common.ExecuteReader();
return sdr;
}
}
}
在根目录下放置一个template.xls文件--用于模板。我的模板如下图所示:
运行程序,会把数据库student表中数据插入到excel中,我本机的student表如下图所示:
之后在根目录下会看到生成一个新Excel文件-new.xls. 迫不及待的打开,看到如下图 所示:
成功!!!
值得注意的是:
1:执行程序之后,template.xls是不会变的(它只是一个模板),改变的只有新生成的new.xls
2:new.xls 1,2行中静态的标题和标头的样式和模板是一致的,而动态的数据样式可以在模板excel中设置。在我此程序设置的方法为:在模板的第三行,右击鼠标->设置单元格格式->对齐居中,字体华文行楷。 设置后生成的excel中就能出现上图所示的效果,是不是很方便呐~
3: 经测试,2步骤的设置貌似只能在Excel2007中生效,也就是说如果在excel2003中设置字体和居中都是无效的!我也没有办法,同学们可以自己试一试 如果可以的话告诉我一声啊。