react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

时间:2024-10-07 16:06:44

创建初始化应用

加速我们的npm。

npm install -g cnpm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org

利用create-react-app 创建项目,执行下面创建我们的demo-react应用:

cd ......到你自己的路径
create-react-app reactdemo

我习惯使用VSCode,我用vscode打开这个文件夹,目录结构如下。

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

安装需要的依赖

我们的项目需要:

react-router:

react-router-dom

redux

react-redux

在VSCode中打开powershell(Ctrl+`)

依次安装

cnpm install react-router --save
cnpm install react-router-dom --save
cnpm install redux --save
cnpm install react-redux --save

打开package.json可以看到我们使用的版本:

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

不同的版本使用是有一些区别的,尤其路由使用上

创建几个组件页面

在src下创建几个文件夹存放我们使用的组件

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

在各自文件夹下创建组件js

Login.js

import React,{ Component } from 'react';

//=====组件=====
class Login extends Component { render() {
return (
<div>
<h3>登录页面</h3>
<div>
用户名<input type="text" />
</div>
<div>
密码<input type="text" />
</div>
<div>
<button onClick={this.goLogin}>登录</button>
</div>
</div>
);
}
goLogin(){
alert("开始登录")
} componentDidMount() {
console.log("Login渲染完毕")
}
} export default Login

Home.js

import React, { Component } from 'react';

//=====组件=====
class Home extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<h3>主页</h3>
</div>
);
}
componentDidMount() {
console.log("Home渲染完毕")
}
} export default Home

About.js

import React,{ Component } from 'react';

//=====组件=====
class About extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div>
<h3>关于我们</h3>
</div>
);
} componentDidMount() {
console.log("About渲染完毕")
}
} export default About

News.js

import React,{ Component } from 'react';
//=====组件=====
class News extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
// 设置 initial state
this.state = {
list: [
{id:,title:"a",con:"caaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"},
{id:,title:"b",con:"cbbbbbbbbbbb"},
{id:,title:"c",con:"cccccccccccccc"},
{id:,title:"d",con:"cddddddddddddd"},
{id:,title:"e",con:"ceeeeeeeeeeee"}
]
};
} render() {
return (
<div>
<h3>新闻页面</h3>
<ul>
{
this.state.list.map(function(item,i){
return <li key={item.id}>
<a>{item.title}</a>
<span>{item.con}</span>
</li>
})
}
</ul>
</div>
);
} componentDidMount() {
console.log("News渲染完毕")
} } export default News

搭载路由

我们把页面创建完毕,修改index.js配置路由:

src/index.js:

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

 import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import {BrowserRouter as Router} from 'react-router-dom';
import './index.css';
import App from './App';
import * as serviceWorker from './serviceWorker'; ReactDOM.render(
<Router>
<App />
</Router>
, document.getElementById('root')); // If you want your app to work offline and load faster, you can change
// unregister() to register() below. Note this comes with some pitfalls.
// Learn more about service workers: https://bit.ly/CRA-PWA
serviceWorker.unregister();

App.js完成我们路由和页面的使用:

import React from 'react';
import {Route, Link} from 'react-router-dom';
import './App.css';
import Login from './components/login/Login.js';
import Home from './components/home/Home.js';
import About from './components/about/About.js';
import News from './components/news/News.js'; function App() {
return (
<div className="App">
<ul>
<li>
<Link to="/">登录</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/Home">主页</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/About">关于我们</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/News">新闻页面</Link>
</li>
</ul>
<div>
<Route exact path="/" component={Login}/>
<Route exact path="/Home" component={Home}/>
<Route path="/About" component={About}/>
<Route path="/News" component={News}/>
</div>
</div>
);
} export default App;

我们预览页面,就可以看到大概了:

npm run start

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

使用redux

src目录下创建redux文件:

indexRedux.js(根状态树)我们存放登录状态,默认是未登录:

//reducer
//根状态树)我们存放登录状态,默认是未登录:
var isLogin=false; function indexRedux(state = isLogin, action) {
switch (action.type) {
case "GO_LOGIN":
//登录
return true
case "OUT_LOGIN":
//退出登录
return false
default:
return state
}
} export default indexRedux

rootRedux.js(合并所有状态,对外接口):

import { combineReducers } from 'redux';

//全局reducer
import isLogin from './indexRedux.js'
//子reducer //合并reducer
var rootRedux = combineReducers({
isLogin
}) export default rootRedux

index.js使用redux:

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import {BrowserRouter as Router} from 'react-router-dom';
import './index.css';
import App from './App';
import * as serviceWorker from './serviceWorker'; //redux
import { createStore } from 'redux';
//react-redux(关联react和redux)
import { Provider } from 'react-redux'; //reducers 状态树state和逻辑操作
import rootRedux from './rootRedux.js' //创建状态树和设置 //生成状态树对象
const store = createStore(rootRedux);
ReactDOM.render(
<Provider store={store}>
<Router>
<App />
</Router>
</Provider>
, document.getElementById('root')); // If you want your app to work offline and load faster, you can change
// unregister() to register() below. Note this comes with some pitfalls.
// Learn more about service workers: https://bit.ly/CRA-PWA
serviceWorker.unregister();

我们为news创建reducer,把list放入在reducer中,

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

NewsRedux.js:

//reducer

var newsinit={
list:[
{id:1,title:"a",con:"caaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"},
{id:2,title:"b",con:"cbbbbbbbbbbb"},
{id:3,title:"c",con:"cccccccccccccc"},
{id:4,title:"d",con:"cddddddddddddd"},
{id:5,title:"e",con:"ceeeeeeeeeeee"}
]
}; function NewsRedux(state = newsinit, action) {
switch (action.type) {
case "SORT_REVERSE":
//倒叙显示
var arr=state.list;
var arr2=[];
for(var i=arr.length-1;i>=0;i--){
arr2.push(arr[i])
}
return Object.assign({},state,{list:arr2})
default:
return state
}
} export default NewsRedux

News.js移除构造函数的json设置:

import React,{ Component } from 'react';

//=====组件=====
class News extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
} render() {
return (
<div>
<h3>消息</h3>
<ul>
{
this.state.list.map(function(item,i){
return <li key={item.id}>
<a>{item.title}</a>
<span>{item.con}</span>
</li>
})
}
</ul>
</div>
);
} componentDidMount() {
console.log("News渲染完毕")
} } export default News

rootRedux.js引入news的reducer:

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

import { combineReducers } from 'redux';

//全局reducer
import isLogin from './indexRedux.js'
//子reducer
import NewsRedux from './components/news/NewsRedux.js' //合并reducer
var rootRedux = combineReducers({
isLogin,
NewsRedux,
}) export default rootRedux

利用react-redux链接react组件和redux

我们先以news的处理作为操作,首先用react-redux封装News.js组件:

创建src/news/NewsReactRedux.js:.

import { connect } from 'react-redux';

//=====引入组件=====
import News from './News.js' //=====react-redux 封装组件===== // 哪些 Redux 全局的 state 是我们组件想要通过 props 获取的?
//负责输入逻辑,即将state映射到 UI 组件的参数(props)
function mapStateToProps(state) {
return {
list: state.NewsRedux.list
};
} // 哪些 action 创建函数是我们想要通过 props 获取的?
//负责输出逻辑,即将用户对 UI 组件的操作映射成 Action。
function mapDispatchToProps(dispatch) {
return {
SORTREVERSE:function(){
dispatch({type:"SORT_REVERSE"})
}
};
} //封装传递state和dispatch
//把redux的状态数据和action全部发射给News组件
var NewsReactRedux = connect(mapStateToProps,mapDispatchToProps)(News); export default NewsReactRedux

我们把redux的状态数据和action全部发射给News组件,我们在里面使用即可:

News.js

import React,{ Component } from 'react';

//=====组件=====
class News extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
} render() {
return (
<div>
<h3>消息</h3>
<ul>
{
this.props.list.map(function(item,i){
return <li key={item.id}>
<a>{item.title}</a>
<span>{item.con}</span>
</li>
})
}
</ul>
<button onClick={this.SORTREVERSE.bind(this)}>倒叙显示</button>
</div>
);
}
SORTREVERSE(){
this.props.SORTREVERSE();
}
componentDidMount() {
console.log("News渲染完毕")
} } export default News

App.js使用封装后的组件News:

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

import React from 'react';
import {Route, Link} from 'react-router-dom';
import './App.css';
import Login from './components/login/Login.js';
import Home from './components/home/Home.js';
import About from './components/about/About.js';
import NewsReactRedux from './components/news/NewsReactRedux.js'; function App() {
return (
<div className="App">
<ul>
<li>
<Link to="/">登录</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/Home">主页</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/About">关于我们</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/News">消息</Link>
</li>
</ul>
<div>
<Route exact path="/" component={Login}/>
<Route exact path="/Home" component={Home}/>
<Route path="/About" component={About}/>
<Route path="/News" component={NewsReactRedux}/>
</div>
</div>
);
} export default App;

可以运行看看了。

登录处理

“/“地址就是我们的登录页面,我们点击登录跳转就可以了,不过我们会把用户的登录状态存放在indexRedux.js中,我们不把这个状态存如cookie类似的本地,所以 我们刷新页面退出即可,我们只是模拟的处理:

如果存放在了cookie我们要如何处理,这时候在进入网站我们可以调用一个方法去获取cookie的登录状态,不管是什么我们都会执行action把redux的登录状态改为这个!

因为Login.js要和redux结合,我们要修改登录状态,我们还要结合router去手动跳转到主页,

LoginReactRedux.js:

import { connect } from 'react-redux';

//=====引入组件=====
import Login from './Login.js' //=====react-redux 封装组件===== // 哪些 Redux 全局的 state 是我们组件想要通过 props 获取的?
function mapStateToProps(state) {
return {}
} // 哪些 action 创建函数是我们想要通过 props 获取的?
function mapDispatchToProps(dispatch) {
return {
GOLOGIN:function(username,password,history){
console.log("用户名"+username)
console.log("密码"+password)
setTimeout(function(){
dispatch({type:"GO_LOGIN"})
history.push("/Home")
},1000) }
};
} //封装传递state和dispatch
var LoginReactRedux = connect(mapStateToProps,mapDispatchToProps)(Login); export default LoginReactRedux

login.js

import React, { Component } from 'react';

//=====组件=====
class Login extends Component { render() {
return (
<div>
<h3>登录页面</h3>
<div>
用户名<input type="text" ref="username" />
</div>
<div>
密码<input type="password" ref="password" />
</div>
<div>
<button onClick={this.goLogin.bind(this)}>登录</button>
</div>
</div>
);
}
goLogin(){
this.props.GOLOGIN(this.refs.username.value,this.refs.password.value,this.props.history);
} componentDidMount() {
console.log("Login渲染完毕")
}
} export default Login

App.js:

import React from 'react';
import {Route, Link} from 'react-router-dom';
import './App.css';
import LoginReactRedux from './components/login/LoginReactRedux.js';
import Home from './components/home/Home.js';
import About from './components/about/About.js';
import NewsReactRedux from './components/news/NewsReactRedux.js'; function App() {
return (
<div className="App">
<ul>
<li>
<Link to="/">登录</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/Home">主页</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/About">关于我们</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/News">消息</Link>
</li>
</ul>
<div>
<Route exact path="/" component={LoginReactRedux}/>
<Route exact path="/Home" component={Home}/>
<Route path="/About" component={About}/>
<Route path="/News" component={NewsReactRedux}/>
</div>
</div>
);
} export default App;

退出登录处理

我们在/Home加一个按钮就是退出按钮他和我们的登录处理相反:

HomeReactRedux.js:

import { connect } from 'react-redux';

//=====引入组件=====
import Home from './Home.js' //=====react-redux 封装组件===== // 哪些 Redux 全局的 state 是我们组件想要通过 props 获取的?
function mapStateToProps(state) {
return {}
} // 哪些 action 创建函数是我们想要通过 props 获取的?
function mapDispatchToProps(dispatch) {
return {
OUTLOGIN:function(history){
dispatch({type:"OUT_LOGIN"})
history.push("/") }
};
} //封装传递state和dispatch
var HomeReactRedux = connect(mapStateToProps,mapDispatchToProps)(Home); export default HomeReactRedux

Home.js:

import React, { Component } from 'react';

//=====组件=====

class Home extends Component {

    render() {
return (
<div>
<h3>主页</h3>
<div>
<button onClick={this.outLogin.bind(this)}>退出登录</button>
</div>
</div>
);
} outLogin(){
this.props.OUTLOGIN(this.props.history);
} componentDidMount() {
console.log("Home渲染完毕")
}
} export default Home

记得修改app.js

import React from 'react';
import {Route, Link} from 'react-router-dom';
import './App.css';
import LoginReactRedux from './components/login/LoginReactRedux.js';
import HomeReactRedux from './components/home/HomeReactRedux.js';
import About from './components/about/About.js';
import NewsReactRedux from './components/news/NewsReactRedux.js'; function App() {
return (
<div className="App">
<ul>
<li>
<Link to="/">登录</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/Home">主页</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/About">关于我们</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/News">消息</Link>
</li>
</ul> <div>
<Route exact path="/" component={LoginReactRedux}/>
<Route exact path="/Home" component={HomeReactRedux}/>
<Route path="/About" component={About}/>
<Route path="/News" component={NewsReactRedux}/>
</div>
</div>
);
} export default App;

权限处理

显示级别

我们的网站在/地址是处在登录页面,这时候我们应该只有登录框,在进入主页之后会看到跳转链接,我们要获取我们的登录状态,还控制一些标签的显示:

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

我们在App.js存放了我们的导航,我们只需要对这个组件利用react-redux做一次封装,拿到状态,利用style去处理即可:

我们把导航提出到组件,并且react-redux做封装,在App.js使用

Navigation.js:

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import {Route,Link} from 'react-router-dom'; class Nav extends Component {
render() {
return (
<ul style={{display:this.props.isLogin?"block":"none"}}>
<li style={{display:this.props.isLogin?"none":"block"}}>
<Link to="/">登录</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/Home">主页</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/About">关于我们</Link>
</li>
<li>
<Link to="/News">消息</Link>
</li>
</ul>
);
}
} export default Nav;

NavigationReactRedux.js

import { connect } from 'react-redux';

//=====引入组件=====
import Navigation from './Navigation.js' //=====react-redux 封装组件===== // 哪些 Redux 全局的 state 是我们组件想要通过 props 获取的?
function mapStateToProps(state) {
return {
isLogin:state.isLogin
}
} // 哪些 action 创建函数是我们想要通过 props 获取的?
function mapDispatchToProps(dispatch) {
return {};
} //封装传递state和dispatch
var NavigationReactRedux = connect(mapStateToProps,mapDispatchToProps)(Navigation); export default NavigationReactRedux

App.js我们使用封装后导航:

import React from 'react';
import {Route, Link} from 'react-router-dom';
import './App.css';
import LoginReactRedux from './components/login/LoginReactRedux.js';
import HomeReactRedux from './components/home/HomeReactRedux.js';
import About from './components/about/About.js';
import NewsReactRedux from './components/news/NewsReactRedux.js';
import NavigationReactRedux from './components/navigation/NavigationReactRedux.js'; function App() {
return (
<div className="App">
<NavigationReactRedux />
<div>
<Route exact path="/" component={LoginReactRedux}/>
<Route exact path="/Home" component={HomeReactRedux}/>
<Route path="/About" component={About}/>
<Route path="/News" component={NewsReactRedux}/>
</div>
</div>
);
} export default App;

测试一下

逻辑级别

如果用户直接输入地址怎么办?所以我们在路由对应的页面都要加入登录状态的判断,然后处理是留在当前页面还是跳到登录页面:

我们登录后的页面只有三个,我们先对Home做一个处理,其他的类似:

HomeReactRedux.js:

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

import { connect } from 'react-redux';

//=====引入组件=====
import Home from './Home.js' //=====react-redux 封装组件===== // 哪些 Redux 全局的 state 是我们组件想要通过 props 获取的?
function mapStateToProps(state) {
return {
isLogin:state.isLogin
}
} // 哪些 action 创建函数是我们想要通过 props 获取的?
function mapDispatchToProps(dispatch) {
return {
OUTLOGIN:function(history){
dispatch({type:"OUT_LOGIN"})
history.push("/")
}
};
} //封装传递state和dispatch
var HomeReactRedux = connect(mapStateToProps,mapDispatchToProps)(Home); export default HomeReactRedux

Home.js

react,react-router,redux+react-redux 构建一个React Demo

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import {Redirect} from 'react-router-dom';
//=====组件===== class Home extends Component { render() { if(this.props.isLogin==false){
return <Redirect to="/" />
}
return (
<div>
<h3>主页</h3>
<div>
<button onClick={this.outLogin.bind(this)}>退出登录</button>
</div>
</div>
);
} outLogin(){
this.props.OUTLOGIN(this.props.history);
} componentDidMount() {
console.log("Home渲染完毕")
}
} export default Home

其他路由页面同理!!!其实也就是News页面,目前我们其它的页面并不需要验证

NewsReactRedux.js

import { connect } from 'react-redux';

//=====引入组件=====
import News from './News.js' //=====react-redux 封装组件===== // 哪些 Redux 全局的 state 是我们组件想要通过 props 获取的?
//负责输入逻辑,即将state映射到 UI 组件的参数(props)
function mapStateToProps(state) {
return {
isLogin:state.isLogin,
list: state.NewsRedux.list
};
} // 哪些 action 创建函数是我们想要通过 props 获取的?
//负责输出逻辑,即将用户对 UI 组件的操作映射成 Action。
function mapDispatchToProps(dispatch) {
return {
SORTREVERSE:function(){
dispatch({type:"SORT_REVERSE"})
}
};
} //封装传递state和dispatch
//把redux的状态数据和action全部发射给News组件
var NewsReactRedux = connect(mapStateToProps,mapDispatchToProps)(News); export default NewsReactRedux

News.js

import React,{ Component } from 'react';
import {Redirect} from 'react-router-dom'; //=====组件=====
class News extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
} render() {
if(this.props.isLogin==false){
return <Redirect to="/" />
}
return (
<div>
<h3>消息</h3>
<ul>
{
this.props.list.map(function(item,i){
return <li key={item.id}>
<a>{item.title}</a>
<span>{item.con}</span>
</li>
})
}
</ul>
<button onClick={this.SORTREVERSE.bind(this)}>倒叙显示</button>
</div>
);
}
SORTREVERSE(){
this.props.SORTREVERSE();
}
componentDidMount() {
console.log("News渲染完毕")
} } export default News

刷新问题

我们本地存储可以使用cookie还可以使用localstorage,我们刷新应用就获取localstorage对登录状态的设置,然后action即可!

不过不管是cookie还是localstorage如果用户浏览器的安全级别高就完蛋了,我们存放在这个2个里面哪一个都会遇到这个问题。

我们或许可以这样做,在刷新我们就向后台发送一个请求,这个请求会返回用户是否在登录中和返回用户的一些信息,根据状态我们用手动方法跳转链接。

404错误

先创建一个src/components/exception/NotFind.js文件app.js

import React, { Component } from 'react';
//=====组件===== class NotFind extends Component { render() { return (
<div>
<h1>404错误</h1>
<div>
找不到对应的网页
</div>
</div>
);
}
} export default NotFind

使用router为我们提供的 Switch 组件:

import React from 'react';
import {Route, Link,Switch} from 'react-router-dom';
import './App.css';
import LoginReactRedux from './components/login/LoginReactRedux.js';
import HomeReactRedux from './components/home/HomeReactRedux.js';
import About from './components/about/About.js';
import NewsReactRedux from './components/news/NewsReactRedux.js';
import NavigationReactRedux from './components/navigation/NavigationReactRedux.js';
import NotFind from './components/exception/NotFind.js'; function App() {
return (
<div className="App">
<NavigationReactRedux />
<div>
<Switch>
<Route exact path="/" component={LoginReactRedux}/>
<Route exact path="/Home" component={HomeReactRedux}/>
<Route path="/About" component={About}/>
<Route path="/News" component={NewsReactRedux}/>
<Route component={NotFind}/>
</Switch>
</div>
</div>
);
} export default App;

打包

我们执行下面命令:

npm run build

HashRouter方式

在使用BrowserRouter发布的时候会遇到刷新404错误问题。我们需要做一些设置。所以为了省事干脆用HashRouter

index.js:

import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
// import {BrowserRouter as Router} from 'react-router-dom';
import {HashRouter as Router} from 'react-router-dom';
import './index.css';
import App from './App';
import * as serviceWorker from './serviceWorker'; //redux
import { createStore } from 'redux';
//react-redux(关联react和redux)
import { Provider } from 'react-redux'; //reducers 状态树state和逻辑操作
import rootRedux from './rootRedux.js' //创建状态树和设置 //生成状态树对象
const store = createStore(rootRedux);
ReactDOM.render(
<Provider store={store}>
<Router>
<App />
</Router>
</Provider>
, document.getElementById('root')); // If you want your app to work offline and load faster, you can change
// unregister() to register() below. Note this comes with some pitfalls.
// Learn more about service workers: https://bit.ly/CRA-PWA
serviceWorker.unregister();

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