-2,LinkedList实现Deque接口,提供了基于队列的先进先出序列的实现。
-3,所有的操作都是按照双重链表来实现的。
-4,操作为非线程安全的,如果多个线程中,存在修改链表结构的操作,则必须保证线程安全。
2,LinkedList继承AbstractSequentialList实现Lise、Deque、Cloneable、Serializable接口。
public class LinkedList<E>
extends AbstractSequentialList<E>
implements List<E>, Deque<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
-1,AbstractSequentialList继承AbstractList,AbstractList属于ArrayList的父类。-2,Deque继承自Queue,定义了队列接口操作。Queue接口继承Collection接口。
3,AbstractSequentialList类详解: 此类提供了List接口的主要实现。
要实现一个列表,程序猿只需要扩展此类,并提供listIterator和size方法的实现即可。对于不可修改的列表,只需要实现迭代器对应的方法即可。
该类主要方法有:get set add remove addAll iterator listIterator方法。 其中,get set add remove addAll方法均是基于 iterator listIterator方法实现。
public E remove(int index) {
try {
ListIterator<E> e = listIterator(index);
E outCast = e.next();
e.remove();
return outCast;
} catch (NoSuchElementException exc) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+index);
}
}
public E set(int index, E element) {
try {
ListIterator<E> e = listIterator(index);
E oldVal = e.next();
e.set(element);
return oldVal;
} catch (NoSuchElementException exc) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+index);
}
}
3,LinkedList成员变量:
-1,header:Entry属性的变量。Entry内部类,定义了一个链表的数据结构。 private static class Entry<E> {
E element;
Entry<E> next;
Entry<E> previous;
Entry(E element, Entry<E> next, Entry<E> previous) {
this.element = element;
this.next = next;
this.previous = previous;
}
}
-2,size:LinkedList元素长度。4,第一类方法,对Entry对象的操作: -1,addBefore(E e, Entry<E> entry):增加e元素至entry链表中。
private Entry<E> addBefore(E e, Entry<E> entry) {
Entry<E> newEntry = new Entry<E>(e, entry, entry.previous);//生成新的Entry对象,Entry对象的前置指向当前entry的前置元素。
newEntry.previous.next = newEntry;
newEntry.next.previous = newEntry;
size++;
modCount++;
return newEntry;
}
插入操作可参考下图:主要操作涉及,new元素的p指向了old元素,所以下一步将old元素的next指向new元素,然后奖new元素的next的p元素指向new元素本身。基本就是单链表的删除操作而已。 -2,remove:链表元素的删除
private E remove(Entry<E> e) {
if (e == header)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
E result = e.element;
e.previous.next = e.next;
e.next.previous = e.previous;
e.next = e.previous = null;
e.element = null;
size--;
modCount++;
return result;
}
remove操作,则是将e元素的p指向e的next,将e的next的p指向e的p。使
e的p和n都指向为null,将e元素指向为null。
5,第二类方法,构造方法。
public LinkedList():默认构造函数,初始化链表头。
public LinkedList() {
header.next = header.previous = header;
}
public LinkedList(Collection<? extends E> c):构造List包含c中所有元素。
public LinkedList(Collection<? extends E> c) {
this();
addAll(c);
}
6,单链表的基本操作:
-1,add:
public boolean add(E e) {
addBefore(e, header);
return true;
}
-2,remove(Object o):移除对应元素。 public boolean remove(Object o) {
if (o==null) {
for (Entry<E> e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next) {
if (e.element==null) {
remove(e);
return true;
}
}
} else {
for (Entry<E> e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next) {
if (o.equals(e.element)) {
remove(e);
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
我们可以看到如果元素为null直接用的==判断相等,否则调用对应对象的equals方法移除。
7,队列方法:
-1.addFirst(E e):在链表开头增加元素。 public void addFirst(E e) {
addBefore(e, header.next);
}
-2,addLast:在链表末尾增加元素 public void addLast(E e) {
addBefore(e, header);
}
-3,removeFirst:首元素出队。
public E removeLast() {
return remove(header.previous);
}
8,ListIterator:构造适用与LinkedList的迭代器。
private class ListItr implements ListIterator<E>
private Entry<E> lastReturned = header;
private Entry<E> next;
private int nextIndex;
private int expectedModCount = modCount;
ListItr(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index > size)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+index+
", Size: "+size);
if (index < (size >> 1)) {
next = header.next;
for (nextIndex=0; nextIndex<index; nextIndex++)
next = next.next;
} else {
next = header;
for (nextIndex=size; nextIndex>index; nextIndex--)
next = next.previous;
}
}
public boolean hasNext() {
return nextIndex != size;
}
public E next() {
checkForComodification();
if (nextIndex == size)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
lastReturned = next;
next = next.next;
nextIndex++;
return lastReturned.element;
}
public boolean hasPrevious() {
return nextIndex != 0;
}
public E previous() {
if (nextIndex == 0)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
lastReturned = next = next.previous;
nextIndex--;
checkForComodification();
return lastReturned.element;
}
public int nextIndex() {
return nextIndex;
}
public int previousIndex() {
return nextIndex-1;
}
public void remove() {
checkForComodification();
Entry<E> lastNext = lastReturned.next;
try {
LinkedList.this.remove(lastReturned);
} catch (NoSuchElementException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException();
}
if (next==lastReturned)
next = lastNext;
else
nextIndex--;
lastReturned = header;
expectedModCount++;
}
public void set(E e) {
if (lastReturned == header)
throw new IllegalStateException();
checkForComodification();
lastReturned.element = e;
}
public void add(E e) {
checkForComodification();
lastReturned = header;
addBefore(e, next);
nextIndex++;
expectedModCount++;
}
final void checkForComodification() {
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
}
}