JSP页面添加验证码

时间:2022-12-13 17:07:41

制作图形验证码关键在于编写生成图形的Servlet

package com.petrochina.servlet;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class AuthImg extends HttpServlet {

// 设置图形验证码中字符串的字体和大小
private Font myFont = new Font("Arial Black", Font.PLAIN, 16);

@Override
public void init() throws ServletException {
super.init();
}

// 生成随机颜色
Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
Random random = new Random();
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}

@Override
public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

// 阻止生成的页面内容被缓存,保证每次重新生成随机验证码
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
// 指定图形验证码图片的大小
int width = 100, height = 20;
// 生成一张新图片
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 在图片中绘制内容
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
Random random = new Random();
g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
g.fillRect(1, 1, width - 1, height - 1);
g.setColor(new Color(102, 102, 102));
g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
g.setFont(myFont);
// 随机生成线条,让图片看起来更加杂乱
g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width - 1);// 起点的x坐标
int y = random.nextInt(height - 1);// 起点的y坐标
int x1 = random.nextInt(6) + 1;// x轴偏移量
int y1 = random.nextInt(12) + 1;// y轴偏移量
g.drawLine(x, y, x + x1, y + y1);
}
// 随机生成线条,让图片看起来更加杂乱
for (int i = 0; i < 70; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width - 1);
int y = random.nextInt(height - 1);
int x1 = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
int y1 = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
g.drawLine(x, y, x - x1, y - y1);
}

// 该变量用来保存系统生成的随机字符串
String sRand = "";
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
// 取得一个随机字符
String tmp = getRandomChar();
sRand += tmp;
// 将系统生成的随机字符添加到图形验证码图片上
g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
g.drawString(tmp, 15 * i + 10, 15);
}

// 取得用户Session
HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
// 将系统生成的图形验证码添加
session.setAttribute("rand", sRand);
g.dispose();
// 输出图形验证码图片
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());

}

// 随机生成一个字符
private String getRandomChar() {
int rand = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 2);// 将0~2的小数四舍五入生成整数
long itmp = 0;
char ctmp = '/u0000';
// 根据rand的值来决定是生成一个大写字母、小写字母和数字
switch (rand) {
// 生成大写字母的情形
case 1:
itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 25 + 65);
ctmp = (char) itmp;
return String.valueOf(ctmp);
// 生成小写字母
case 2:
itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 25 + 97);
ctmp = (char) itmp;
return String.valueOf(ctmp);
// 生成数字
default:
itmp = Math.round(Math.random() * 9);
return String.valueOf(itmp);
}
}
}

在web.xml中添加Servlet配置

	<!-- 生成验证码 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>authImg</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.petrochina.servlet.AuthImg</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>authImg</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/authImg</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

注册页面regist.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册页面</title>
<mce:script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.1.4.2.js" mce_src="js/jquery.1.4.2.js"></mce:script>
<mce:script type="text/javascript"><!--
//刷新验证码
function refresh()
{
document.getElementById("authImg").src="authImg?now="+new Date();//使用时间作为参数避免浏览器从缓存取图片
}
// --></mce:script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="registe.action" method="post" id="registe">
<table>
<caption><h2>用户注册</h2></caption>
<tr>
<td>用 户 名:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" id="username"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密  码:</td><td><input type="text" name="password" id="password"/> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>确认密码:</td><td><input type="text" name="chkpassword"/> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Email:</td><td><input type="text" name="email"/> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>验证码:</td><td valign="bottom"><input type="text" name="vercode" size="10"/> <img alt="" src="authImg" mce_src="authImg" id="authImg" align="absmiddle"><a href="#" mce_href="#" onclick="refresh()"><span style="font-size:12px" mce_style="font-size:12px">刷新验证码</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="提交"/><input type="reset" value="重填"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

后台RegistAction

@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
Map session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
String ver2 = (String) session.get("rand");
session.put("rand", null);
// 判断验证码是否正确
if (vercode.equals(ver2)) {
if (userManager.validName(username)) {
if (userManager.addUser(username, password, email) > 0)
return SUCCESS;
else
addActionError("注册失败,请重试!");
} else {
addActionError("该用户名已存在,请重新输入!");
}
} else {
addActionError("验证码不匹配,请重新输入");
}
return INPUT;

}

结果如下:

JSP页面添加验证码

到这里就完成了。但是今天在FireFox3.6下使用firedebug调试时发现会再请求一次验证码,这样导致session中的验证码刷新之后和页面上的不一致,问题截图如下:

JSP页面添加验证码

在关闭firedebug的情况下只请求一次验证码,在IE下也正常,寻思可能是firedebug的问题,但是在网上查找不到相关内容。折腾了半天发现鼠标展开GET authImg的URL时才会第二次请求验证码,所以明白是因为验证码图片没有缓存造成在firedebug调试窗口查看时需要再次请求的缘故。


本文转自 http://blog.csdn.net/cuihaiyang/article/details/6439780 ,仅供大家学习