C++对MS SQL Server的操作

时间:2023-03-08 16:26:25

今天因为在做一份C++的期末作业,突然想用C++来链接数据库,实现数据的重复利用,所以就作死去百度搜了一下。

更巧的事情是,一搜居然还有很多搜索结果,然后就照着做了。

做的过程很艰辛,就不一一诉说了,就简单说两句,C++的类名很奇怪,然后就是参数名啥的非常奇怪,也没有相应的参数说明,什么参数啥的完全不懂。

然后就是慢慢的做,在类型转换和数据操作上废了点时间,其他的还好,就不多说了,直接上代码,因为注释很详细清楚。

不过,在看我的乱的要死的代码之前,建议先看看大神的代码。

第一份是遍历一个表的代码:

http://www.cnblogs.com/ha666/archive/2013/06/12/3133348.html

第二份是介绍详细的链接和代码编写:

http://blog.****.net/ljh56789/article/details/8061323

第三份的亮点在于介绍参数,我的代码就是基本仿照第三份改的

http://blog.****.net/zhangyulin54321/article/details/8056580

下面就是我的代码了,很丑别嫌弃

#pragma once
#include <icrsint.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
#import "c:\program files\common files\system\ado\msado15.dll"  no_namespace rename("EOF", "adoEOF")

int funeach()
{
    CoInitialize(NULL);        //这一步十分重要,没有这一步,将连不上服务器
    _ConnectionPtr  sqlSp;
    if (FAILED(sqlSp.CreateInstance(_uuidof(Connection))))
    {
        cout << "_ConnectionPtr对象指针实例化失败!!!" << endl;
        ;
    }
    else
    {
        try
        {
            //设置连接字符串
            _bstr_t strConnect = "Driver={sql server};server=127.0.0.1,1433;uid=sa;pwd=**********;database=homework;";
            sqlSp->Open(strConnect, "", "", adModeUnknown);

        }
        catch (_com_error &e) {
            cout << e.Description() << endl;

        }
        _RecordsetPtr m_pRecordset;
        if (FAILED(m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(_uuidof(Recordset))))
        {
            cout << "记录集对象指针实例化失败!" << endl;
            ;
        }
        try
        {
            //打开T_Member表
            m_pRecordset->Open("select * from  T_Member", (IDispatch*)sqlSp, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic, adCmdText);

        }
        catch (_com_error &e)
        {
            cout << e.Description() << endl;
        }

        //查询数据
        try
        {
            m_pRecordset->MoveFirst();
            while (!m_pRecordset->adoEOF)
            {
                //遍历输出name列的值
                string name = (char*)(_bstr_t)(m_pRecordset->Fields->GetItem(_variant_t("name"))->Value);
                cout << name << endl;
                m_pRecordset->MoveNext();
            }

        }
        catch (_com_error &e)
        {
            cout << e.Description() << endl;
        }

        m_pRecordset->Close();
        m_pRecordset = NULL;
        sqlSp->Close();
        sqlSp = NULL;
    }
}

int funselect()
{
    CoInitialize(NULL);
    _ConnectionPtr m_pConnection;
    _RecordsetPtr m_pRecordset;
    try
    {
        if (FAILED(m_pConnection.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Connection))))
        {
            cout << "_ConnectionPtr对象指针实例化失败!!!" << endl;
            ;
        }
        m_pConnection->Open("Provider=SQLOLEDB;Server=127.0.0.1;Database=homework;uid=sa; pwd=**********;", "", "", adModeUnknown);
    }
    catch (_com_error e)
    {
        cout << "连接数据库失败!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage() << endl;
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    try
    {
        if (FAILED(m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(_uuidof(Recordset))))
        {
            cout << "记录集对象指针实例化失败!" << endl;
            ;
        }
        m_pRecordset->Open(_variant_t("select Id, name from T_Member where name='123'"), _variant_t((IDispatch*)m_pConnection), adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic, adCmdText);
    }
    catch (_com_error &e)
    {
        cout << "处理失败1!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage() << endl;
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    _variant_t vEmployeeID, vFirstName, vLastName, vHireDate, vCity;

    try
    {
        while (!m_pRecordset->adoEOF)
        {
            vEmployeeID = m_pRecordset->GetCollect(_variant_t(());//取得第1列的值,从0开始计数,你也可以直接列出列的名称,如下一行
            vFirstName = m_pRecordset->GetCollect("Id");
            vLastName = m_pRecordset->GetCollect("name");

            //取值
            string name = (char*)(_bstr_t)m_pRecordset->GetFields()->GetItem("name")->Value;
            cout << name;
            m_pRecordset->MoveNext();

        }
    }
    catch (_com_error &e)
    {
        cout << "处理失败2!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage() << endl;
        system("pause");
        ;
    }
    m_pRecordset->Close();
    m_pRecordset = NULL;
    m_pConnection->Close();
    m_pConnection = NULL;
}

int funupdate()
{
    CoInitialize(NULL);
    _ConnectionPtr m_pConnection;
    _RecordsetPtr m_pRecordset;

    try
    {
        m_pConnection.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Connection));
        if (FAILED(m_pConnection.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Connection))))
        {
            cout << "_ConnectionPtr对象指针实例化失败!!!" << endl;
            ;
        }
        m_pConnection->Open("Provider=SQLOLEDB;Server=127.0.0.1;Database=homework;uid=sa; pwd=**********;", "", "", adModeUnknown);
    }
    catch (_com_error e)
    {
        cout << "连接数据库失败!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage();
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    try
    {
        m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Recordset));
        if (FAILED(m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(_uuidof(Recordset))))
        {
            cout << "记录集对象指针实例化失败!" << endl;
            ;
        }
        m_pRecordset->Open("select Id,name from T_Member where name='123'", _variant_t((IDispatch*)m_pConnection), adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic, adCmdText);
    }
    catch (_com_error &e)
    {
        cout << "处理失败1!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage();
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    try
    {
        while ((!m_pRecordset->adoEOF) && m_pRecordset != NULL)
        {
            m_pRecordset->PutCollect("));
            m_pRecordset->MoveNext();
            HRESULT m = m_pRecordset->Update();
        }
    }
    catch (_com_error &e)
    {
        //此处屏蔽了一个错误,但是也阻止了其他错误的处理
        /*cout << "处理失败2!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage();
        system("pause");
        return 0;*/
    }

    m_pRecordset->Close();
    m_pRecordset = NULL;
    m_pConnection->Close();
    m_pConnection = NULL;
}

int funadd()
{
    CoInitialize(NULL);
    _ConnectionPtr m_pConnection;
    _RecordsetPtr m_pRecordset;

    try
    {
        m_pConnection.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Connection));
        if (FAILED(m_pConnection.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Connection))))
        {
            cout << "_ConnectionPtr对象指针实例化失败!!!" << endl;
            ;
        }
        m_pConnection->Open("Provider=SQLOLEDB;Server=127.0.0.1;Database=homework;uid=sa; pwd=**********;", "", "", adModeUnknown);
    }
    catch (_com_error e)
    {
        cout << "连接数据库失败!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage();
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    try
    {
        m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Recordset));
        if (FAILED(m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(_uuidof(Recordset))))
        {
            cout << "记录集对象指针实例化失败!" << endl;
            ;
        }
        m_pRecordset->Open("select Id,name from T_Member", _variant_t((IDispatch*)m_pConnection), adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic, adCmdText);
    }
    catch (_com_error &e)
    {
        cout << "处理失败1!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage();
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    try
    {
        m_pRecordset->MoveLast();
        m_pRecordset->AddNew();
        m_pRecordset->PutCollect("name", _variant_t("dudeping"));
        m_pRecordset->Update();
    }
    catch (_com_error &e)
    {
        cout << "处理失败2!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage();
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    m_pRecordset->Close();
    m_pRecordset = NULL;
    m_pConnection->Close();
    m_pConnection = NULL;
}

int fundelet()
{
    CoInitialize(NULL);
    _ConnectionPtr m_pConnection;
    _RecordsetPtr m_pRecordset;

    try
    {
        if (FAILED(m_pConnection.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Connection))))
        {
            cout << "_ConnectionPtr对象指针实例化失败!!!" << endl;
            ;
        }
        m_pConnection->Open("Provider=SQLOLEDB;Server=127.0.0.1;Database=homework;uid=sa; pwd=**********;", "", "", adModeUnknown);
    }
    catch (_com_error e)
    {
        cout << "连接数据库失败!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage();
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    try
    {
        m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(__uuidof(Recordset));
        if (FAILED(m_pRecordset.CreateInstance(_uuidof(Recordset))))
        {
            cout << "记录集对象指针实例化失败!" << endl;
            ;
        }
        m_pRecordset->Open("select Id,name from T_Member where name='456'", _variant_t((IDispatch*)m_pConnection), adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic, adCmdText);
    }
    catch (_com_error &e)
    {
        cout << "处理失败1!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage();
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    try
    {
        if (m_pRecordset != NULL && (!m_pRecordset->adoEOF))
        {
            m_pRecordset->MoveFirst();
            m_pRecordset->Delete(adAffectCurrent);
            //参数adAffectCurrent为删除当前记录
            m_pRecordset->Update();
        }
    }
    catch (_com_error &e)
    {
        cout << "处理失败2!错误信息:" << e.ErrorMessage();
        system("pause");
        ;
    }

    m_pRecordset->Close();
    m_pRecordset = NULL;
    m_pConnection->Close();
    m_pConnection = NULL;
}

当然,这是开始的函数雏形,但是可以实现访问数据库并进行相应的操作,可以进一步封装成类,再对外开放接口,将数据库链接字符串和sql语句等传进去。