java 代理的三种实现方式

时间:2024-09-20 22:33:14

Java 代理模式有如下几种实现方式:

  1.静态代理。    

2.JDK动态代理。

3.CGLIB动态代理。

示例,有一个打招呼的接口。分别有两个实现,说hello,和握手。代码如下。

接口:

public interface Greeting {

    public void doGreet();
}

实现类:

public class SayHello implements Greeting {

    @Override
public void doGreet() {
System.out.println("Greeting by say 'hello' .");
} }
public class ShakeHands implements Greeting {

    @Override
public void doGreet() {
System.out.println("Greeting by shake others's hands .");
} }
public class KissHello  {

    public void doGreet() {
System.out.println("Greeting by kiss . ");
} }

在不改变代码的情况下,想在执行目标方法 前后 做一些其他操作。则可以通过代理方式来实现。

1.静态代理。需要创建代理类。代理类实现了和目标类一样的接口,代理类接收目标类对象,并在实现方法中调用目标类的实现方法前后做手脚。如下:

public class GreetStaticProxy implements Greeting {

    private Greeting hello;//被代理对象
public GreetStaticProxy(Greeting hello){
this.hello=hello;
} @Override
public void doGreet() {
before();//执行其他操作
this.hello.doGreet();//调用目标方法
after();//执行其他操作
} public void before(){
System.out.println("[StaticProxy] Come to someone.");
}
public void after(){
System.out.println("[StaticProxy] Back to his own corner");
}
}

测试调用:

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
Greeting hello=new SayHello();
Greeting shakeHands=new ShakeHands(); //静态代理
GreetStaticProxy staticHelloProxy=new GreetStaticProxy(hello);
staticHelloProxy.doGreet();
System.out.println();
GreetStaticProxy shakeHandsProxy=new GreetStaticProxy(shakeHands);
shakeHandsProxy.doGreet();
}
运行结果:
[StaticProxy] Come to someone.
Greeting by say 'hello' .
[StaticProxy] Back to his own corner [StaticProxy] Come to someone.
Greeting by shake others's hands .
[StaticProxy] Back to his own corner

这个方式有弊端,如果有N个接口的实现类需要被代理,则需要创建N个代理类。

2.JDK动态代理

创建代理类,如下:

public class JdkProxy implements InvocationHandler {

    private Object target;

    public JdkProxy(Object obj){
this.target=obj;
} @Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
throws Throwable { Object result=null;
before();
result=method.invoke(target, args);
after();
return result;
} public void before(){
System.out.println("[JdkProxy] Come to someone.");
}
public void after(){
System.out.println("[JdkProxy] Back to his own corner");
}
}

测试调用:

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
Greeting hello=new SayHello();
Greeting shakeHands=new ShakeHands(); //jdk动态代理
JdkProxy dynamicProxy=new JdkProxy(hello);
Greeting target=(Greeting) Proxy.newProxyInstance(hello.getClass().getClassLoader(),
hello.getClass().getInterfaces(), dynamicProxy);
target.doGreet();
System.out.println(); } }

这种方式和第一种方式相比,虽然不需要创建很多代理类,

但是,他依赖与“被代理的对象需要实现接口” 即:在上面给出的代码示例中,动态代理可以代理SayHello和ShakeHands,却不能代理KissHello。因为KissHello没有实现接口。

3.CGLIB动态代理。

创建代理类:

public class CglibProxy implements MethodInterceptor {

    public static CglibProxy proxy=new CglibProxy();
private CglibProxy(){} public static CglibProxy getInstance(){
return proxy;
} public <T> T getProxy(Class<T> cls){
return (T) Enhancer.create(cls, this);
} @Override
public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] arg,
MethodProxy proxy) throws Throwable {
Object result=null;
try {
before();
result= proxy.invokeSuper(obj, arg);
after();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
} public void before(){
System.out.println("[cglib] Come to someone.");
}
public void after(){
System.out.println("[cglib] Back to his own corner.");
}
}

调用示例:

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //cglib代理
Greeting targetProxy=CglibProxy.getInstance().getProxy(SayHello.class);
targetProxy.doGreet();
System.out.println(); CglibProxy.getInstance().getInstance().getProxy(KissHello.class).doGreet(); } }

综上,CGLIB动态代理最好,spring框架也用到了CGLIB包。