websocket 概念
websocket 是一个通信协议,通过单个 TCP 连接提供全双工通信。websocket 连接成功后,服务端和客户可以进行双向通信。不同于 http 通信协议需要每次由客户端发起,服务响应到客户端。
websocket 相对轮询也能节约带宽,并且能实时的进行通信。
整合步骤
1. 添加 maven 依赖
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<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
<version> 2.1 . 3 .RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
<version> 2.1 . 3 .RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
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添加web、websocket和freemarker依赖。
2. 使用 ServerEndpointExporter 创建 bean
这个 bean 会自动注册声明 @ServerEndpoint 注解声明的 websocket endpoint,使用springboot自带tomcat启动需要该配置,使用独立 tomcat 则不需要该配置。
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@Configuration
public class WebSocketConfig {
//tomcat启动无需该配置
@Bean
public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() {
return new ServerEndpointExporter();
}
}
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3. 创建服务端端点 (ServerEndpoint)
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@Component
@ServerEndpoint (value = "/message" )
@Slf4j
public class WebSocket {
private static Map<String, WebSocket> webSocketSet = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
private Session session;
@OnOpen
public void onOpen(Session session) throws SocketException {
this .session = session;
webSocketSet.put( this .session.getId(), this );
log.info( "【websocket】有新的连接,总数:{}" ,webSocketSet.size());
}
@OnClose
public void onClose(){
String id = this .session.getId();
if (id != null ){
webSocketSet.remove(id);
log.info( "【websocket】连接断开:总数:{}" ,webSocketSet.size());
}
}
@OnMessage
public void onMessage(String message){
if (!message.equals( "ping" )){
log.info( "【wesocket】收到客户端发送的消息,message={}" ,message);
sendMessage(message);
}
}
/**
* 发送消息
* @param message
* @return 全部都发送一遍
*/
public void sendMessage(String message){
for (WebSocket webSocket : webSocketSet.values()) {
webSocket.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message);
}
log.info( "【wesocket】广播消息,message={}" , message);
}
}
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4. 添加 controller 和 客户端
添加 controller
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@GetMapping ({ "" , "index.html" })
public ModelAndView index() {
ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView( "index" );
return view;
}
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添加ftl页面
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>websocket</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<input type= "text" name= "message" id= "message" >
<button id= "sendBtn" >发送</button>
</div>
<div style= "width:100px;height: 500px;" id= "content" >
</div>
<script src= "https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.0/jquery.js" ></script>
<script type= "text/javascript" >
var ws = new WebSocket( "ws://127.0.0.1:8080/message" );
ws.onopen = function (evt) {
console.log( "Connection open ..." );
};
ws.onmessage = function (evt) {
console.log( "Received Message: " + evt.data);
var p = $( "<p>" +evt.data+ "</p>" )
$( "#content" ).prepend(p);
$( "#message" ).val( "" );
};
ws.onclose = function (evt) {
console.log( "Connection closed." );
};
$( "#sendBtn" ).click( function (){
var aa = $( "#message" ).val();
ws.send(aa);
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
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5. 展示效果
附录
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原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/jeremylai7/p/15378748.html