ubuntu 网卡名称重命名
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/hzj_001/article/details/81587824
biosdevname 和 net.ifnames 两种命名规范
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net.ifnames 的命名规范为: 设备类型+设备位置+数字 设备类型：
en 表示Ethernet
wl 表示WLAN
ww 表示无线广域网WWAN 实际的例子:
eno1 板载网卡
enp0s2 pci网卡
ens33 pci网卡
wlp3s0 PCI无线网卡
wwp0s29f7u2i2 4G modem
wlp0s2f1u4u1 连接在USB Hub上的无线网卡
enx78e7d1ea46da pci网卡 --------------------------------------- biosdevname 的命名规范为： 实际的例子:
em1 板载网卡
p3p4 pci网卡
p3p4_1 虚拟网卡 ---------------------------------------
修改 grub 引导参数
# 查看 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 变量
$ cat /etc/default/grub | grep GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX # 修改 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 变量
$ sudo sed -i 's/^.*GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="".*$/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"/g' /etc/default/grub # 更新grub引导
$ sudo update-grub # 重启系统
$ sudo reboot
参考：https://kb.vmware.com/s/article/1032790
# 查看所有网卡列表
$ ifconfig -s
$ ifconfig -a # 查看网络设备类型的设备配置规则
$ cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules | grep net # 执行 write_net_rules 脚本，此脚本会更新 /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules 文件
# "ethN" 指网卡设备名称，例如："eth0"
# "xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx" 指网卡设备的MAC地址，例如："00:10:f3:5a:96:36"
$ sudo rm /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
$ sudo env INTERFACE="ethN" MATCHADDR="xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx" /lib/udev/write_net_rules # 查看网卡名称设备对应的MAC地址
$ ifconfig -a eth0 | grep HWaddr # 查看网卡名称设备的带宽速率
$ ethtool eth0 | grep "link mode" # 查看网卡名称设备对应的PCIID
$ ethtool -i eth0 | grep bus # 查看网卡名称设备对应的驱动
$ ethtool -i eth0 | grep driver # 查看网卡设备的PCIID
$ lspci | grep -i eth
# 查看PCIID的设备信息
$ lspci -D -n -vvv -s 01:00.0
# 查看指定设备ID的设备信息
$ lspci -D -n -vvv -d 8086:10fb # 查看系统指定设备信息
$ udevadm info -a -p /sys/class/net/eth0
# 重新加载设备规则配置文件
$ sudo chmod a+x /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
$ sudo udevadm control --reload-rules 或 sudo service udev restart # 重启网络管理服务
# sudo service networking restart
# 编辑网卡配置文件
$ sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces # 查看系统路由项
$ sudo netstat -nr
$ sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* # The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface
# auto setting
#auto eth0
#iface eth0 inet dhcp
#auto eth1
#iface eth1 inet dhcp # manual setting
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 172.16.204.31
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcast 172.16.204.255
network 172.16.204.0 #auto eth1
#iface eth1 inet static
#address 192.168.1.31
#netmask 255.255.255.0
#broadcast 192.168.1.255
#network 192.168.1.0 up route add default gw 172.16.204.1 dev eth0
#up route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.1 dev eth1 # This is an autoconfigured IPv6 interface
# auto setting
iface eth0 inet6 auto
#iface eth1 inet6 auto # manual setting
$ sudo vi /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base
nameserver 114.114.114.114
nameserver 8.8.8.8
#nameserver 4.2.2.1
#nameserver 4.2.2.2
search localdomain
$ sudo cat /etc/hostname
localhost.localdomain
$ sudo vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
# 网络设备信息 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
name type MATCHADDR Bandwidth PCIID driver device
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
eth0 Ethernet 00:13:32:0e:2a:60 1000baseT/Full 0000:05:00.0 e1000e 8086:10d3
eth1 Ethernet 00:13:32:0e:2a:61 1000baseT/Full 0000:06:00.0 e1000e 8086:10d3
eth2 Ethernet 00:13:32:0e:2a:62 1000baseT/Full 0000:07:00.0 e1000e 8086:10d3
eth3 Ethernet 00:13:32:0e:2a:63 1000baseT/Full 0000:08:00.0 e1000e 8086:10d3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
eth4 Ethernet 00:10:f3:5a:96:36 10000baseT/Full 0000:01:00.0 ixgbe 8086:10fb
eth5 Ethernet 00:10:f3:5a:96:37 10000baseT/Full 0000:01:00.1 ixgbe 8086:10fb
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 将设备MAC地址与ethN接口名称相关联 $ sudo vi cat 70-persistent-net.rules
# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key. # PCI device 0x8086:10d3 (e1000e) --- 05:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:13:32:0e:2a:60", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0" # PCI device 0x8086:10d3 (e1000e) --- 06:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:13:32:0e:2a:61", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1" # PCI device 0x8086:10d3 (e1000e) --- 07:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:13:32:0e:2a:62", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth2" # PCI device 0x8086:10d3 (e1000e) --- 08:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:13:32:0e:2a:63", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth3" # PCI device 0x8086:0x10fb (ixgbe) --- 01:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:10:f3:5a:96:36", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth4" # PCI device 0x8086:0x10fb (ixgbe) --- 01:00.1
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:10:f3:5a:96:37", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth5" # 将设备PCI总线地址与ethN接口名称相关联 $ sudo vi cat 70-persistent-net.rules
# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key. # PCI device 0x8086:10d3 (e1000e) --- 05:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", %B=="0000:05:00.0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0" # PCI device 0x8086:10d3 (e1000e) --- 06:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", %B=="0000:06:00.0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1" # PCI device 0x8086:10d3 (e1000e) --- 07:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", %B=="0000:07:00.0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth2" # PCI device 0x8086:10d3 (e1000e) --- 08:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", %B=="0000:08:00.0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth3" # PCI device 0x8086:0x10fb (ixgbe) --- 01:00.0
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", %B=="0000:01:00.0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth4" # PCI device 0x8086:0x10fb (ixgbe) --- 01:00.1
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", %B=="0000:01:00.1", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth5" # 重新加载设备规则配置文件
$ sudo chmod a+x /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
$ sudo udevadm control --reload-rules 或 sudo service udev restart
# 查看网桥连接
$ sudo modprobe br_netfilter
$ show brctl show # 开启 IP 转发：
$ sudo vi /etc/sysctl.conf --> net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 (永久开启) # 禁用网络过滤器
# 向文件/etc/sysctl.conf添加以下代码:
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # 重新加载kernel参数
$ sudo sysctl -p
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