Kafka+Zookeeper集群搭建

时间:2023-03-08 16:04:46

上次介绍了ES集群搭建的方法,希望能帮助大家,这儿我再接着介绍kafka集群,接着上次搭建的效果。

首先我们来简单了解下什么是kafka和zookeeper?

Apache kafka 是一个分布式的基于push-subscribe的消息系统,它具备快速、可扩展、可持久化的特点。它现在是Apache旗下的一个开源系统,作为hadoop生态系统的一部分,被各种商业公司广泛应用。它的最大的特性就是可以实时的处理大量数据以满足各种需求场景:比如基于hadoop的批处理系统、低延迟的实时系统、storm/spark流式处理引擎。

特点:

  • 高吞吐量、低延迟:kafka每秒可以处理几十万条消息,它的延迟最低只有几毫秒
  • 可扩展性:kafka集群支持热扩展
  • 持久性、可靠性:消息被持久化到本地磁盘,并且支持数据备份防止数据丢失
  • 容错性:允许集群中节点失败(若副本数量为n,则允许n-1个节点失败)
  • 高并发:支持数千个客户端同时读写

ZooKeeper是一个分布式的,开放源码的分布式应用程序协调服务,它包含一个简单的原语集,分布式应用程序可以基于它实现同步服务,配置维护和命名服务等。

集群角色:

  • Leader服务器是整个zookeeper集群工作机制中的核心
  • Follower服务器是zookeeper集群状态的跟随者
  • Observer 服务器充当一个观察者的角色

接下来就直接进去正题,如何正确的搭建kafka和zookeeper集群。

一、zookeeper集群配置

1、修改主机名

kafka1.example.com --> 172.16.81.131
kafka2.example.com --> 172.16.81.132

2、修改hosts文件

[root@kafka1 opt]# cat /etc/hosts
  127.0.0.1 kafka1.example.com localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
  ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
[root@kafka2 opt]# cat /etc/hosts
  127.0.0.1 kafka2.example.com localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
  ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

3、安装jdk

cd /opt
jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz
mv jdk-1.8.0_131 /usr/local/

4、配置jdk环境变量

[root@kafka1 opt]# tail -10 /etc/profile
#JAVA环境变量
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_131
export JAVA_BIN=$JAVA_HOME/bin
export JAVA_LIB=$JAVA_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_LIB/tools.jar:$JAVA_LIB/dt.jar
export PATH=$JAVA_BIN:$PATH
export _JAVA_SR_SIGNUM=12
#zookeeper环境变量
export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zookeeper/
export PATH=$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH
[root@kafka2 opt]# tail -10 /etc/profile
#JAVA环境变量
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_131
export JAVA_BIN=$JAVA_HOME/bin
export JAVA_LIB=$JAVA_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_LIB/tools.jar:$JAVA_LIB/dt.jar
export PATH=$JAVA_BIN:$PATH
export _JAVA_SR_SIGNUM=12
#zookeeper环境变量
export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zookeeper/
export PATH=$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH
#应用环境变量
source /etc/profile

5、下载软件包   

zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz

  #解压
  tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz
  mv zookeeper-3.4.10 zookeeper
  cd /opt/zookeeper/config/
  cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg

6、编辑zookeeper配置文件

[root@kafka1 opt]# cat /opt/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$'
tickTime=2000
initLimit=20
syncLimit=10
dataDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/data
datalogDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/logs
clientPort=2181
server.1=172.16.81.131:2888:3888
server.2=172.16.81.132:2888:3888
[root@kafka2 opt]# cat /opt/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$'
tickTime=2000
initLimit=20
syncLimit=10
dataDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/data
datalogDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/logs
clientPort=2181
server.1=172.16.81.131:2888:3888
server.2=172.16.81.132:2888:3888

#注意:在zookeeper配置文件中或者后面不能跟注释文字,不然会报错!
#说明:
tickTime: 这个时间是作为 Zookeeper 服务器之间或客户端与服务器之间维持心跳的时间间隔,也就是每个 tickTime 时间就会发送一个心跳。
2888端口:表示的是这个服务器与集群中的 Leader 服务器交换信息的端口;
3888端口:表示的是万一集群中的 Leader 服务器挂了,需要一个端口来重新进行选举,选出一个新的 Leader,而这个端口就是用来执行选举时服务器相互通信的端口

7、分别在kafka1和kafka2服务器上创建datadir目录

mkdir -p /opt/kafka/data
mkdir -p /opt/kafka/data/zookeeper

8、分别写入id

[root@kafka1 opt]# echo "1" > /opt/kafka/data/zookeeper/myid
[root@kafka2 ~]# echo "2" > /opt/kafka/data/zookeeper/myid
#注意ID不能一样

9、启动zookeeper集群

cd /opt/zookeeper/
bin/zkServer.sh start

10、启动效果

[rootkafka1 ~]#   netstat -nlpt | grep -E "2181|2888|3888"
tcp 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 33644/java
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.1.1.247:3888 :::* LISTEN 33644/java
[root@kafka2 ~]# netstat -nlpt | grep -E "2181|2888|3888"
tcp 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 35016/java
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.1.1.248:2888 :::* LISTEN 35016/java #哪台是leader,那么他就拥有2888端口
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.1.1.248:3888 :::* LISTEN 35016/java   

二、kafka集群搭建

1、配置文件

[root@kafka1 opt]# cat /opt/kafka/config/server.properties | grep -v '^#'|grep -v '^$'
broker.id=1
listeners=PLAINTEXT://172.16.81.131:9092
num.network.threads=3
num.io.threads=8
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600
log.dirs=/opt/kafka/data/kafka-logs
num.partitions=10
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1
log.retention.hours=168
log.segment.bytes=1073741824
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000
zookeeper.connect=172.16.81.131:2181,172.16.81.132:2181
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0
[root@kafka2 ~]# cat /opt/kafka/config/server.properties | grep -v '^#'|grep -v '^$'
broker.id=2
listeners=PLAINTEXT://172.16.81.132:9092
num.network.threads=3
num.io.threads=8
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600
log.dirs=/opt/kafka/data/kafka-logs
num.partitions=10
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1
log.retention.hours=168
log.segment.bytes=1073741824
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000
zookeeper.connect=172.16.81.131:2181,172.16.81.132:2181
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0
#注意:broker.id不能相同

2、启动kafka集群

/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /opt/kafka/config/server.properties &

3、启动效果

[root@kafka1 opt]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp6 0 0 :::47457 :::* LISTEN 6582/java
tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.131:9092 :::* LISTEN 9260/java
tcp6 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 6582/java
tcp6 0 0 :::33230 :::* LISTEN 9260/java
tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.131:3888 :::* LISTEN 6582/java
[root@kafka2 ~]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.132:9092 :::* LISTEN 9395/java
tcp6 0 0 :::42884 :::* LISTEN 6779/java
tcp6 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 6779/java
tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.132:2888 :::* LISTEN 6779/java
tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.132:3888 :::* LISTEN 6779/java
tcp6 0 0 :::38557 :::* LISTEN 9395/java

4、测试zookeeper和kafka是否正常

(1)建立一个主题
[root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 2 --partitions 1 --topic summer
Created topic "summer".
#注意:factor大小不能超过broker数,否则报错,当前集群broker值值为2
(2)查看有哪些主题已经创建
[root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper 172.16.81.132:2181
summer
[root@kafka1 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper 172.16.81.131:2181
summer
(3)查看topic的详情
[root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic summer
Topic:summer PartitionCount:1 ReplicationFactor:2 Configs:
Topic: summer Partition: 0 Leader: 2 Replicas: 2,1 Isr: 2,1
#主题名称:summer
#Partition:只有一个,从0开始
#leader :id为2的broker
#Replicas 副本存在于broker id为2,1的上面
#Isr:活跃状态的broker
(4)发送消息,这里使用的是生产者角色
[root@kafka2 ~]# /bin/bash /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic summer
>Hello,wangyanlin
>I am from china.
>
>
>;
>^C[root@kafka2 ~]#
(5)接收消息,这里使用的是消费者角色
[root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic summer --from-beginning
Using the ConsoleConsumer with old consumer is deprecated and will be removed in a future major release. Consider using the new consumer by passing [bootstrap-server] instead of [zookeeper].
Hello,wangyanlin
I am from china. ; ^CProcessed a total of 5 messages
[root@kafka1 kafka]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper 172.16.81.132:2181 --topic summer --from-beginning
Using the ConsoleConsumer with old consumer is deprecated and will be removed in a future major release. Consider using the new consumer by passing [bootstrap-server] instead of [zookeeper].
Hello,wangyanlin
I am from china. ;
^CProcessed a total of 5 messages
(6)删除消费主题
/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --delete --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic summer
开启conf里面的 delete.topic.enable改成true
#测试正常!!完成!  

测试kafka集群能正常接收消费信息和消费信息!! 

后续将发布配置logstash日志收集和过滤,还有kibana图形化展示。