web.xml里面可以定义两种参数:<context-param> 和</init-param>
(1)application范围内的参数,存放在servletcontext中,在web.xml中配置如下:
1 <context-param> 2 <param-name>context/param</param-name> 3 <param-value>avalible during application</param-value> 4 </context-param>
(2)servlet范围内的参数,只能在servlet的方法doGet()、doPost()和init()中取得,在web.xml中配置如下:
1 <servlet> 2 <servlet-name>MainServlet</servlet-name> 3 <servlet-class>com.wes.controller.MainServlet</servlet-class> 4 <init-param> 5 <param-name>init/param</param-name> 6 <param-value>avalible in servlet init()</param-value> 7 </init-param> 8 <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup> 9 </servlet>
在servlet中可以通过代码分别取用:
java 代码
1 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 2 throws ServletException, IOException { 3 4 response.setContentType("text/html"); 5 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); 6 out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">"); 7 out.println("<HTML>"); 8 out.println(" <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>"); 9 out.println(" <BODY>"); 10 out.print(" This is "); 11 out.print(this.getClass()); 12 out.println(this.getServletConfig().getInitParameter("init/param")); 13 out.println(this.getServletConfig().getServletContext().getInitParameter("context/param")); 14 out.println(", using the GET method"); 15 out.println(" </BODY>"); 16 out.println("</HTML>"); 17 out.flush(); 18 out.close(); 19 }
通过URL访问该Servlet:
第一种参数只能在servlet的方法中通过this.getServletConfig().getInitParameter("init/param")取得
第二种参数在servlet里面可以通过this.getServletConfig().getServletContext().getInitParameter("context/param")得到
解析:init-param只属于一个servlet所有,所以只有在该Servlet的方法中才能调用。
而context-param属于整个应用程序所有 ,不仅是在servlet中可以得到,jsp文件中也可以得到.
在jsp中config就相当于这里的servletContext,例如在index.jsp中<%=config.getServletContext().getInitParameter("context/param")%>
运行结果:
在action中ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getInitParameter("context/param").