6.Ansible Roles角色实战

时间：2024-07-18 21:05:20

Roles小技巧:

1.创建roles目录结构，手动或使用ansible-galaxy init test roles

2.编写roles的功能，也就是tasks。 nginx rsyncd memcached

3.最后playbook引用roles编写好的tasks

1.创建标准roles目录结构

mkdir /root/roles/nginx/{tasks,templates,handlers}

2.编写tasks

[root@manager ~]# cat /root/roles/nginx/tasks/main.yml

- name: Install Nginx Server

  yum:

    name: nginx

    state: present

- name: Configure Nginx Server

  template:

    src: nginx.conf.j2

    dest: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

  notify: Restart Nginx Server

- name: Systemd Nginx Server

  systemd:

    name: nginx

    state: started

    enabled: yes

3.template

[root@manager roles]# cat /root/roles/nginx/templates/nginx.conf.j2

user www;

worker_processes  {{ ansible_processor_vcpus }};

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {

    worker_connections  {{ ansible_processor_vcpus * 1024 }};

}

http {

    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

	access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

    sendfile        on;

    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

}

4.handlers

[root@manager ~]# cat /root/roles/nginx/handlers/main.yml

- name: Restart Nginx Server

  systemd:

    name: nginx

    state: restarted

5.调用playbook

[root@manager roles]# cat /root/roles/site.yml

- hosts: webservers

  roles:

    - nginx

PS：hosts ansible.cfg  提前需准备好

实战一：roles部署memcached

#安装

#配置

#启动

1.创建roles的目录结构

[root@manager roles]# mkdir memcached/{tasks,templates,handlers} -p

2.编写对应的tasks  (1.安装  2配置(templates)  3.启动  4.重启(handlers) )

[root@manager roles]# cat memcached/tasks/main.yml

- name: Installed Memecached Server

  yum:

    name: memcached

    state: present

- name: Configure Memcached Server

  template:

    src: memcached.j2

    dest: /etc/sysconfig/memcached

  notify: Restart Memcached Server

- name: System Memcached Server

  systemd:

    name: memcached

    state: started

    enabled: yes

3.配置jinja2

[root@manager roles]# cat memcached/templates/memcached.j2

PORT="11211"

USER="memcached"

MAXCONN="1024"

CACHESIZE="{{ ansible_memtotal_mb //2 }}"

OPTIONS=""

4.handlers

[root@manager roles]# cat memcached/handlers/main.yml

- name: Restart Memcached Server

  systemd:

    name: memcached

    state: restarted

5.playbook调用roles

[root@manager roles]# cat site.yml

- hosts: webservers

  roles:

    - { role: nginx, tags: web }

    - { role: memcached, tags: cache }

实战二：部署NFS存储服务

#1.创建项目目录结构   --->

[root@manager roles]# mkdir nfs/{tasks,templates,handlers} -p

#2.编写task任务

#3.playbook调用roles项目

[root@ansible roles]# tree nfs/

nfs/

├── handlers

│   └── main.yml

├── tasks

│   └── main.yml

└── templates

    └── exports.j2

1.tasks编写

[root@ansible nfs]# cat tasks/main.yml

- name: Installed NFS Server

  yum:

    name: nfs-utils

    state: present

- name: Configure NFS Server

  template:

    src: exports.j2

    dest: /etc/exports

  notify: Restart NFS Server

- name: Create NFS Server Share Directory

  file:

    path: "{{ nfs_word }}"

    state: directory

    owner: "{{ nfs_user }}"

    group: "{{ nfs_user }}"

    mode: '0755'

    recurse: yes

- name: Started NFS Server

  systemd:

    name: nfs

    state: started

    enabled: yes

2.触发重启，配置handlers

[root@ansible nfs]# cat handlers/main.yml

- name: Restart NFS Server

  systemd:

    name: nfs

    state: restarted

3.调用roles项目

[root@ansible roles]# cat site.yml

- hosts: nfsservers

  roles:

    - { role: nfs, tags: nfs }

实战三：roles部署LB

1.nginxProxy+keepalived 10.0.0.5 10.0.0.6 10.0.0.3

2.nginx静态网站 172.16.1.7 172.16.1.8

1.web编写tasks任务

[root@manager web]# cat tasks/main.yml

#1.安装nginx服务

- name: Install nginx Server

  yum:

    name: nginx

    state: present

#2.创建用户组

- name: Create group

  group:

    name: "{{ user }}"

    gid: "{{ uid }}"

#3.创建用户

- name: create user

  user:

    name: "{{ user }}"

    uid: "{{ uid }}"

    group: "{{ user }}"

    create_home: no

    shell: /sbin/nologin

#4.创建站点目录

- name: Create code directory

  file:

    path: "{{ code }}"

    owner: "{{ user }}"

    group: "{{ user }}"

    mode: 0755

    recurse: yes

#5.配置nginx

- name: Configure Nginx Server

  template:

    src: "{{ item.src }}"

    dest: "{{ item.dest }}"

    mode: "{{ item.mode }}"

  with_items:

    - { src: nginx.conf.j2, dest: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf, mode: '0644' }

    - { src: index.html, dest: /code, mode: '0644' }

    - { src: web.conf.j2, dest: /etc/nginx/conf.d/web.conf, mode: '0644' }

  notify: Restart nginx Server

#6.启动nginx服务

- name: Systemd Nginx Server

  systemd:

    name: nginx

    state: started

2.handlers触发重启nginx

[root@manager web]# cat handlers/main.yml

- name: Restart nginx Server

  systemd:

    name: nginx

    state: restarted

3.准备j2文件

[root@manager roles]# tree web/

web/

├── handlers

│   └── main.yml

├── tasks

│   └── main.yml

└── templates

    ├── index.html

    ├── nginx.conf.j2

    └── web.conf.j2

4.LB编写tasks任务

[root@manager lb]# cat tasks/main.yml

- name: Intalled Nginx Server

  yum:

    name: "{{ packages }}"

    state: present

  vars:

    packages:

    - nginx

    - keepalived

- name: Create shell share directory

  file:

    path: "{{ script }}"

    state: directory

- name: Configure nginx server

  template:

    src: "{{ item.src }}"

    dest: "{{ item.dest }}"

    mode: "{{ item.mode }}"

  with_items:

    - { src: nginx.conf.j2, dest: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf, mode: '0644' }

    - { src: keepalived.conf.j2, dest: /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf, mode: '0644' }

    - { src: check_server.sh, dest: /server/scripts/check_server.sh, mode: '0777' }

    - { src: proxy_web.conf, dest: /etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy_web.conf, mode: '0644' }

    - { src: proxy_params, dest: /etc/nginx/proxy_params, mode: '0644' }

  notify: Restart Nginx Server

- name: Systemd Nginx server

  systemd:

    name: "{{ item }}"

    state: started

    enabled: yes

  with_items:

    - nginx

    - keepalived

5.handlers触发重启nginx服务

[root@manager lb]# cat handlers/main.yml

- name: Restart Nginx Server

  systemd:

    name: nginx

    state: restarted

6.配置keepalived

[root@manager lb]# cat files/keepalived.conf.j2

global_defs {

    router_id {{ ansible_fqdn }}

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

{% if ansible_fqdn == 'lb01' %}

#lb01的配置如下：

    state MASTER

    priority 150

{% elif ansible_fqdn == 'lb02' %}

#lb02的配置如下：

    state BACKUP

    priority 100

{% endif %}

    interface eth0

    virtual_router_id 50

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

}

    virtual_ipaddress {

        10.0.0.3

    }

}

7.准备对应的j2文件

[root@manager roles]# tree lb/

lb/

├── files

│   └── keepalived.conf.j2

├── handlers

│   └── main.yml

├── tasks

│   └── main.yml

├── templates

│   ├── check_server.sh

│   ├── keepalived.conf.j2

│   ├── nginx.conf.j2

│   ├── proxy_params

│   └── proxy_web.conf

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