本文实例讲述了ActiveMQ在C#中的应用。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
ActiveMQ是个好东东,不必多说。ActiveMQ提供多种语言支持,如Java, C, C++, C#, Ruby, Perl, Python, PHP等。由于我在windows下开发GUI,比较关心C++和C#,其中C#的ActiveMQ很简单,Apache提供NMS(.Net Messaging Service)支持.Net开发,只需如下几个步骤即能建立简单的实现。C++的应用相对麻烦些,后面会有文章介绍。
1、去ActiveMQ官方网站下载最新版的ActiveMQ,网址:http://activemq.apache.org/download.html。我之前下的是5.3.1,5.3.2现在也已经出来了。
2、去ActiveMQ官方网站下载最新版的Apache.NMS,网址:http://activemq.apache.org/nms/download.html,需要下载Apache.NMS和Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ两个bin包,如果对源码感兴趣,也可下载src包。这里要提醒一下,如果下载1.2.0版本的NMS.ActiveMQ,Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.dll在实际使用中有个bug,即停止ActiveMQ应用时会抛WaitOne函数异常,查看src包中的源码发现是由于Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ-1.2.0-src\src\main\csharp\Transport\InactivityMonitor.cs中的如下代码造成的,修改一下源码重新编译即可。看了一下最新版1.3.0已经修复了这个bug,因此下载最新版即可。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
|
private void StopMonitorThreads()
{
lock (monitor)
{
if (monitorStarted.CompareAndSet( true , false ))
{
AutoResetEvent shutdownEvent = new AutoResetEvent( false );
// Attempt to wait for the Timers to shutdown, but don't wait
// forever, if they don't shutdown after two seconds, just quit.
this .readCheckTimer.Dispose(shutdownEvent);
shutdownEvent.WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000));
this .writeCheckTimer.Dispose(shutdownEvent);
shutdownEvent.WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000));
//WaitOne的定义:public virtual bool WaitOne(TimeSpan timeout,bool exitContext)
this .asyncTasks.Shutdown();
this .asyncTasks = null ;
this .asyncWriteTask = null ;
this .asyncErrorTask = null ;
}
}
}
|
3、运行ActiveMQ,找到ActiveMQ解压后的bin文件夹:...\apache-activemq-5.3.1\bin,执行activemq.bat批处理文件即可启动ActiveMQ服务器,默认端口为61616,这可在配置文件中修改。
4、写C#程序实现ActiveMQ的简单应用。新建C#工程(一个Producter项目和一个Consumer项目),WinForm或Console程序均可,这里建的是Console工程,添加对Apache.NMS.dll和Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.dll的引用,然后即可编写实现代码了,简单的Producer和Consumer实现代码如下:
producer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
|
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using Apache.NMS;
using Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
namespace Publish
{
class Program
{
static void Main( string [] args)
{
try
{
//Create the Connection Factory
IConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory( "tcp://localhost:61616/" );
using (IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection())
{
//Create the Session
using (ISession session = connection.CreateSession())
{
//Create the Producer for the topic/queue
IMessageProducer prod = session.CreateProducer(
new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQTopic( "testing" ));
//Send Messages
int i = 0;
while (!Console.KeyAvailable)
{
ITextMessage msg = prod.CreateTextMessage();
msg.Text = i.ToString();
Console.WriteLine( "Sending: " + i.ToString());
prod.Send(msg, Apache.NMS.MsgDeliveryMode.NonPersistent, Apache.NMS.MsgPriority.Normal, TimeSpan.MinValue);
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);
i++;
}
}
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine( "{0}" ,e.Message);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
}
|
consumer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
|
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using Apache.NMS;
using Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
namespace Subscribe
{
class Program
{
static void Main( string [] args)
{
try
{
//Create the Connection factory
IConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory( "tcp://localhost:61616/" );
//Create the connection
using (IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection())
{
connection.ClientId = "testing listener" ;
connection.Start();
//Create the Session
using (ISession session = connection.CreateSession())
{
//Create the Consumer
IMessageConsumer consumer = session.CreateDurableConsumer( new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQTopic( "testing" ), "testing listener" , null , false );
consumer.Listener += new MessageListener(consumer_Listener);
Console.ReadLine();
}
connection.Stop();
connection.Close();
}
}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
static void consumer_Listener(IMessage message)
{
try
{
ITextMessage msg = (ITextMessage)message;
Console.WriteLine( "Receive: " + msg.Text);
}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
}
|
程序实现的功能:生产者producer建立名为testing的主题,并每隔5秒向该主题发送消息,消费者consumer订阅了testing主题,因此只要生产者发送testing主题的消息到ActiveMQ服务器,服务器就将该消息发送给订阅了testing主题的消费者。
编译生成producer.exe和consumer.exe,并执行两个exe,即可看到消息的发送与接收了。
这个例子是建的主题(Topic),ActiveMQ还支持另一种方式:Queue,即P2P,两者有什么区别呢?区别在于,Topic是广播,即如果某个Topic被多个消费者订阅,那么只要有消息到达服务器,服务器就将该消息发给全部的消费者;而Queue是点到点,即一个消息只能发给一个消费者,如果某个Queue被多个消费者订阅,没有特殊情况的话消息会一个一个地轮流发给不同的消费者,比如:
msg1-->consumer A
msg2-->consumer B
msg3-->consumer C
msg4-->consumer A
msg5-->consumer B
msg6-->consumer C
特殊情况是指:ActiveMQ支持过滤机制,即生产者可以设置消息的属性(Properties),该属性与消费者端的Selector对应,只有消费者设置的selector与消息的Properties匹配,消息才会发给该消费者。Topic和Queue都支持Selector。
Properties和Selector该如何设置呢?请看如下代码:
producer:
1
2
3
4
5
|
ITextMessage msg = prod.CreateTextMessage();
msg.Text = i.ToString();
msg.Properties.SetString( "myFilter" , "test1" );
Console.WriteLine( "Sending: " + i.ToString());
prod.Send(msg, Apache.NMS.MsgDeliveryMode.NonPersistent, Apache.NMS.MsgPriority.Normal, TimeSpan.MinValue);
|
consumer:
1
2
|
//生成consumer时通过参数设置Selector
IMessageConsumer consumer = session.CreateConsumer( new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQQueue( "testing" ), "myFilter='test1'" );
|
希望本文所述对大家C#程序设计有所帮助。